- Nov 2018
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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These ideas are rooted in beliefs about reading that were once commonly called “whole language” and that gained a lot of traction in the 1980s. Whole-language proponents dismissed the need for phonics. Reading is “the most natural activity in the world,” Frank Smith, one of the intellectual leaders of the whole-language movement, wrote. It “is only through reading that children learn to read. Trying to teach children to read by teaching them the sounds of letters is literally a meaningless activity.”
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while learning to talk is a natural process that occurs when children are surrounded by spoken language, learning to read is not. To become readers, kids need to learn how the words they know how to say connect to print on the page. They need explicit, systematic phonics instruction. There are hundreds of studies that back this up.
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- Oct 2018
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jnnp.bmj.com jnnp.bmj.com
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In pathological mixing multilingual patients mix two or more languages within a single utterance, whereas in pathological switching patients alternate utterances in one language to utterances in another, even when the interlocutor cannot understand one of the two languages. Numerous studies have established that pathological mixing is mainly due to lesions in the parietotemporal structures of the left hemisphere, whereas the nervous structures responsible for switching between languages have not yet been clearly described.5 6 The study of the bilingual patient reported here has allowed us to establish—for the first time—the role of anterior brain structures in the switching mechanism in multilingual subjects.
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medium.freecodecamp.org medium.freecodecamp.org
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www.poetryfoundation.org www.poetryfoundation.org
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ghosts
These ghosts are representative of past lovers who are haunting her, which is especially disturbing to the speaker because she cannot remember them. Perhaps she cannot remember the past lovers because she was promiscuous rather than trying to find real love. I think Millay chose the word ghost because usually things that haunt you are things that you feel guilty about, and I think Millay feels guilty for her past behavior of being promiscuous.
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summer
represents happiness, juxtaposes with "rain" mentioned in the first stanza. Summer could also represent her true love that made her the happiest, while the ghosts in the rain represent all of the other unimportant people she was with.
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lonely tree
metaphor for the speaker, the "birds" are a metaphor for her past loves, and they have all "vanished". Therefore, the speaker is like this tree in the winter, left alone with no companionship. This is also personification because trees cannot be lonely.
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- Sep 2018
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www.apmreports.org www.apmreports.org
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There is no debate at this point among scientists that reading is a skill that needs to be explicitly taught by showing children the ways that sounds and letters correspond.
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What's also clear in the research is that phonics isn't enough. Children can learn to decode words without knowing what the words mean. To comprehend what they're reading, kids need a good vocabulary, too. That's why reading to kids and surrounding them with quality books is a good idea. The whole language proponents are right about that.
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But the science shows clearly that when reading instruction is organized around a defined progression of concepts about how speech is represented by print, kids become better readers. There is also widespread support in the research for the effectiveness of teacher-directed lessons as opposed to letting children discover key concepts about reading on their own.
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A big part of the problem is at the university level, in schools of education, according to the authors of a 2016 article in the Journal of Childhood & Developmental Disorders. "Faculty have ignored the scientific knowledge that informs reading acquisition," the authors wrote. "As a result, the pre-service teachers who are being educated at these institutions fail to receive the necessary training."
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The battle between whole language and phonics got so heated that the U.S. Congress eventually got involved, convening a National Reading Panel to review all the research on reading. In 2000, the panel released a report. The sum of the research showed that explicitly teaching children the relationship between sounds and letters improved reading achievement. The panel concluded that phonics lessons help kids become better readers. There is no evidence to say the same about whole language.
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Whole language was a movement of people who believed that children and teachers needed to be freed from the tedium of phonics instruction. Phonics lessons were seen as rote, old-fashioned, and kind of conservative. The essential idea in whole language was that children construct their own knowledge and meaning from experience. Teaching them phonics wasn't necessary because learning to read was a natural process that would occur if they were immersed in a print-rich environment. Whole language proponents thought phonics lessons might actually be bad for kids, might inhibit children from developing a love of reading by making them focus on tedious skills like breaking words into parts.
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Another big takeaway from decades of scientific research is that, while we use our eyes to read, the starting point for reading is sound. What a child must do to become a reader is to figure out how the words she hears and knows how to say connect to letters on the page. Writing is a code humans invented to represent speech sounds. Kids have to crack that code to become readers.
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We are born wired to talk. Kids learn to talk by being talked to, by being surrounded with spoken language. That's all it takes. No one has to teach them to talk.But, as numerous studies have shown, reading is different. Our brains don't know how to do it. That's because human beings didn't invent written language until relatively recently in human history, just a few thousand years ago. To be able to read, structures in our brain that were designed for things such as object recognition have to get rewired a bit.
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The prevailing approaches to reading instruction in American schools are inconsistent with basic things scientists have discovered about how children learn to read. Many educators don't know the science, and in some cases actively resist it. The resistance is the result of beliefs about reading that have been deeply held in the educational establishment for decades, even though those beliefs have been proven wrong by scientists over and over again.
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- Aug 2018
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www.digitalethics.org www.digitalethics.org
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In daily language, the word pragmatic is often used pejoratively, to describe someone with a lack of principles (or character) who will let the situation, rather than a firm moral compass, guide her actions. But in the philosophical sense, pragmatism refers to an orientation towards ethics that isn’t occupying itself with abstract concepts such as “truth,” “right” and “wrong” or with coming up with all-encompassing ethical theories. Instead it focuses on praxis rather than theory and sees the role of the ethicist more to “de-scribe” norms as they develop than to “pre-scribe” them.
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- Jul 2018
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It’s this combination, the fetish for strength and the idealization of racially coded innocence, that has historically led authoritarian movements to subvert the rule of law in the name of order.
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course-computational-literary-analysis.netlify.com course-computational-literary-analysis.netlify.com
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Why didn’t the men begin? What were they waiting for? There they stood, smoothing their gloves, patting their glossy hair and smiling among themselves. Then, quite suddenly, as if they had only just made up their minds that that was what they had to do, the men came gliding over the parquet. There was a joyful flutter among the girls.
Throughout the story, the narrator figures the men and women as birds participating in courtship/pre-mating dances. Observe the narrator's ornithological language here: the men "glid[e] over the parquet" towards the women, who respond with "a joyful flutter." With part-of-speech tagging, we could zoom in on how the story's syntactical elements (especially verbs and adjectives) create this parallel between social and animal rituals.
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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bels. To date, we have found that our subjects have a minimal ability, and almost no language, to discuss the vagaries of time. In general, people attempt to negotiate their subjective experiences of time through the assumptions of the dominant temporal logic outlined a
So true, in my study too.
Cite this graf.
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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article, time clearly constitutes a quasi-linguistic nonverbal system of signification that deserves the full attention of students of symbolic communication. As we have seen, both individuals and societies use this "language" in their "speech," essentially manipulating various dimensions of temporality as virtual semiotic codes through which they manage to convey critical social messages without ha
Semiotics codes that represent non-verbal social communication about time/temporality is not an explicit skill but something seemingly intuitive to both speaker and listener.
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In short, the "language of time" identified here is by no means a merely intellectual phenomenon invented by sociology. Not only are we all aware of its existence, we also use it quite actively in our own "speech."7 The manipulative use of temporality is quite evident not only at the macrosocial level of societal politics, but also at the microsocial level of interpersonal relations. We employ the language of time quite strategically in our every- day "speech" and, quite often, what appears on the surface as entirely spontaneous behavior may actually involve a deliberate manipulation of temporal circu
The language of time incorporates "deliberate mainpulation of temporal circumstances."
People use symbolic associations to convey special meanings to certain periods of time. Example provided is a late night phone call that hints at a desire for a closer, more intimate relationship.
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- May 2018
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teaching language online
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- Apr 2018
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www.bbc.com www.bbc.com
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Perhaps music and language both evolved out of the need for early humans to communicate their emotional state to other members of the group.
Were our modern day languages created out of a singled shared language or did each separate group express themselves in different ways that lead to multiple languages today?
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obscurata.org obscurata.org
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you can’t keep turning round in one place like a horse grinding sugar cane.
This simile takes up the theme suggested by the previous figurative device; here, though, the horse serves as the power source and walks in a tight radius around a central grinding apparatus in which raw cane is pushed in from the top lengthwise and the pressed out juice is collected in a tub. Likening Janie now to a beast of burden accentuates the suggestion that she has been taken advantage of ("worked") by Tea Cake.
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The train beat on itself and danced on the shiny steel rails mile after mile. Every now and then the engineer would play on his whistle for the people in the towns he passed by. And the train shuffled on to Jacksonville, and to a whole lot of things she wanted to see and to know.
The personification of the train serves to suggest that Janie, in following her heart--leaving Eatonville and marrying Tea Cake--is in touch with her self, her humanity, for the first time in her life.
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He leaned on the counter with one elbow and cold-cocked her a look.
The implied metaphor relates to pugilism. tenor: permitted Janie to see an expression that revealed his interest in her vehicle: a punch ground: a blow delivered with enough force to knock a fighter unconscious
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Lemme know when dat ole pee-de-bed is gone and Ah’ll be right back.”
Hilarious country euphemism/implied metaphor: tenor: Ike Green vehicle: an old, incontinent person ground: one who lacks fundamental control of bodily functions and is therefore rendered helplessly childlike.
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She wasn’t petal-open anymore with him.
An interesting and evocative image and implied metaphor. The tenor is Janie's willingness to be vulnerable, emotionally and physically, with Joe; the vehicle is a flower; the ground, is a living thing's natural inclination (you could say the biological imperative) for making available its innermost self, its essence, in order to foster growth and/or reproduction. The implied image of the woman's labia as the petals of a flower is relatively obvious.
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Ah knowed you would going tuh crawl up in dat holler! But Ah aims tuh smoke yuh right out.
Two implied metaphors in quick succession: tenor: choose a position (here, in a debate) vehicle: crawl up in a hollow (as in the mountains) ground: a narrow and protected position that is well-guarded but is nonetheless difficult to retreat from tenor: effectively refute Sam's argumentative position vehicle: smoke you right out ground: to force an animal (or person) from a protected position by denying access to oxygen and thereby threatening their life
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It was just a handle to wind up the tongue with.
The implied metaphor relates to bringing up water from a well; here, the suggestion is that the verbal irony exhibited in the tone of whomever opens a remark with "Our beloved mayor," invited anyone in the vicinity to gather (as around a well, water being the primary source of life sustenance in any community) and speak ill of Jody.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Since September 27, 2004, the jinmeiyō kanji (人名用漢字, kanji for use in personal names) consist of 3,119 characters, containing the jōyō kanji plus an additional 983 kanji found in people's names.
人名用漢字(じんめいよう・かんじ)literally means "person's-name-use kanji" or "kanji for use in peoples' names."
Kanji have been added and (re)moved from the list several times throughout its history. See the page Wikipedia: Jinmeiyoo Kanji
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The jōyō kanji (常用漢字, regular-use kanji) are 2,136 characters consisting of all the Kyōiku kanji, plus 1,130 additional kanji taught in junior high and high school[9].
常用(じょうよう)漢字(かんじ)means "daily use" kanji.
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- Mar 2018
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www.mspaintadventures.com www.mspaintadventures.com
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TAVROS NITRAM
wiki etc etc no spoilers
"Tavros" is Greek for "bull" and is also the Modern Greek pronunciation of the name "Taurus." His name resembles that of the Doctor Who villain Davros, the wheelchair-bound creator of the Daleks [...] "Nitram" is "Martin" written backwards. There are two possible connections for this. Operation Taurus was the name of a planned prosecution by the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) against Martin McGuinness, and Mary Martin played Peter Pan in the 1954 musical.
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www.mspaintadventures.com www.mspaintadventures.com
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2peak wiith a biit of a lii2p
and he's named with two 's' sounds.
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APICULTURE NETWORKING
from apiary, beehive, unsurprisingly
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SOLLUX CAPTOR
yall know the drill by now
Sollux rather transparently divides into "sol-lux", the Latin words for "sun" and "light", respectively. As such, his name would literally mean 'Sunlight Catcher'.
If one would switch the S and P in his name it becomes "Pollux Castor." Pollux and Castor are the two brightest stars in the constellation of Gemini. It is also worth noting that Pollux is a red giant, while Castor is bluish white, complementing the red/blue duality theme. Castor and Pollux were famous mythological twins, which is where Gemini - Latin for "twins" - gets its name. Pollux and Castor were also the names of two characters in the movie Face/Off, a Nicolas Cage flick that came out the same year as Con Air and one that John Egbert has a poster of in his room.
Tags
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URL
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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Using foo:::f instead of foo::f allows access to unexported objects.
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teresa-nextsteps.blogspot.com teresa-nextsteps.blogspot.com
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Language teaching has been my career since I left university, I completed my Post Graduate Certificate of Education (PGCE) back in the 1980s at Warwick and I had worked for 15 years in secondary education rising to a leadership role before joining the Language Centre as a part-time tutor when my children were still young
Language teaching career
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halide-lang.org halide-lang.orgHalide1
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web-static-aws.seas.harvard.edu web-static-aws.seas.harvard.edu
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CS 252r: Advanced Topics in Programming Languages by Stephen Chong
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- Feb 2018
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Different sets of ESR1 polymorphisms were associated with cognitive decline from CDR 0 to 0.5 and CDR 0.5 to 1. ESR1 polymorphisms (rs3853248, rs22334693 [ESR1+397], rs9340799 [ESR1+351], rs9397456, rs1801132 [ESR1+975], rs2179922, rs932477, and rs9341016) were associated with the deterioration of episodic memory among subjects with baseline CDR 0, indicating these polymorphisms might be markers for episodic memory decline at an earlier stage
p(HGNC:ESR1) hasVariant g(dbSNP:rs3853248) p(HGNC:ESR1) hasVariant g(dbSNP:rs22334693) p(HGNC:ESR1) hasVariant g(dbSNP:rs9340799) p(HGNC:ESR1) hasVariant g(dbSNP:rs9397456) p(HGNC:ESR1) hasVariant g(dbSNP:rs1801132) p(HGNC:ESR1) hasVariant g(dbSNP:rs2179922) p(HGNC:ESR1) hasVariant g(dbSNP:rs932477) p(HGNC:ESR1) hasVariant g(dbSNP:rs9341016) a(NIFT:"Clinical dementia rating") pos g(dbSNP:rs3853248) a(NIFT:"Clinical dementia rating") pos g(dbSNP:rs22334693) a(NIFT:"Clinical dementia rating") pos g(dbSNP:rs9340799) a(NIFT:"Clinical dementia rating") pos g(dbSNP:rs9397456) a(NIFT:"Clinical dementia rating") pos g(dbSNP:rs1801132) a(NIFT:"Clinical dementia rating") pos g(dbSNP:rs2179922) a(NIFT:"Clinical dementia rating") pos g(dbSNP:rs932477) a(NIFT:"Clinical dementia rating") pos g(dbSNP:rs9341016)
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Although we observed no association between rs3785883 or rs1868402 alone and change in CDR-sb (P > .10), there was a significant association between a combined genotype model and change in CDR-sb: carriers of the high-risk genotypes at both loci progressed >2.9 times faster than noncarriers (P = .015)
g(dbSNP:rs1868402) cnc a(CTO:"Clinical_Dementia_Rating_Scale-sum_of_boxes") g(dbSNP:rs3785883) cnc a(CTO:"Clinical_Dementia_Rating_Scale-sum_of_boxes") composite(g(dbSNP:rs1868402),g(dbSNP:rs3785883)) pos a(CTO:"Clinical_Dementia_Rating_Scale-sum_of_boxes")
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- Jan 2018
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languagedev.wikispaces.com languagedev.wikispaces.com
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each theory contributes significant ideas and concepts, which over Lime have clarified our awareness of the ways language develops.
The combination of these theories together has provided us with significant information on how we learn to talk and develop language
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- Dec 2017
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aeon.co aeon.co
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Although language seems to us so obviously useful that its cost is hard to discern, there is some truth to Thomas Hobbes’s explanation of why humans find it so much more difficult to cooperate than ants do. Ants don’t require a tyrannical monster to enforce cooperation, Hobbes argued in Leviathan (1651), mainly because they don’t talk. They can be harmed but not offended; they can’t make agreements and therefore cannot break them; and they don’t ‘strive to reform and innovate’ – all of which spares them quarrels, disagreements and generally bad feelings.
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engagements2017-18.as.virginia.edu engagements2017-18.as.virginia.edu
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Statics, respect matter generally, in a state of rest, and include Hydrostatics, or the Laws of fluids particularly, at rest or in equilibrio Dynamics, used as a general term include Dynamics proper, or the Laws of solids in Motion and Hydrodynamics, or Hydraulics, those of fluids in Motion Pneumatics teach the theory of air, its Weight, Motion, condensation, rarifaction &c Acoustics or Phonics, the theory of sound Optics the Laws of Light & vision Physics or Physiology in a general sense, mean the doctrine of the Physical objects of our senses
It is interesting to note that all these subjects, so succinctly explained here, are all under the umbrella term "Physics" now. During Jefferson's time, there probably wasn't a standard of learning to follow, so he had to list out the specifics here. We've come far in that now mentioning to physics to someone with some schooling will mean them considering some of these things instead of just "the doctrine of Physical objects of our senses."
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engagements2017-18.as.virginia.edu engagements2017-18.as.virginia.edu
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The considerations which have governed the specification of languages to be taught by the professor of Modern Languages were that the French is the language of general intercourse among nations, and as a depository of human Science is unsurpassed by any other language living or dead: that the Spanish is highly interesting to us, as the language spoken by so great a portion of the inhabitants of our Continents, with whom we shall possibly have great intercourse ere long; and is that also in which is written the greater part of the early history of America.
I find it very interesting that Jefferson recognized the importance of the Spanish language. Today, many people do not see the importance of speaking Spanish and some even have a negative connotation towards Spanish speakers here in the United States. This does not make sense to me since a large base of this country which is also the back bone is made up oh spanish speaking latinos and latinas. People tend to overlook this, however they do not understand that the best way to communicate with this population is by catering to their language. Even when there are resources available for underserved communities, spanish speakers are often left uninformed or have to rely on their younger children to translate for them. Besides being a business advantage, learning the language is also important to better serve a huge part of the American population, especially since there is no official language of the United States.
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- Nov 2017
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eecs481.org eecs481.org
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officially-approvedprogramminglanguagesatGoogle:C++,Java,Python,Go,orJavaScript.Minimizingthenumberofdifferentprogramminglanguagesusedreducesobstaclestocodereuse and programmer collaboration.
Googleの承認済みプログラム言語
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- Oct 2017
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engagements2017-18.as.virginia.edu engagements2017-18.as.virginia.edu
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It will form the first link in the Chain of an historical review of our language through all its successive changes to the present day, will constitute the foundation of that critical instruction in it, which ought to be found in a Seminary of general learning
It is particularly noteworthy that the authors thought to use Anglo Saxon to teach about the development of language over time. Since this was the language spoken by most of the prospective students, tracking its changing history would provide an engaging demonstration of the dynamic nature of language. In other words, by using Anglo Saxon, students would be able to identity their own contemporary role in the timeline of an always developing language. Having this knowledge, students would (perhaps unconsciously) attain an understanding of how all art, not just language, can change meaning over time. This could help students in time grasp the developments occurring to their university which is, in many ways, a work of art in itself.
-Joe S.
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To enlighten them with mathematical and physical sciences which advance the arts & administer to the health, the subsistence & comforts of human life:
I believe this sentence very accurately characterizes the intentions and the foundations of the New College Curriculum; The New College seeks to provide students with a core knowledge of the arts (especially how they are applied in our society) that can be further strengthened and complemented in studies of math and science should students so choose in the future. This sort of foundation, outlined in both the document and the mission of the New Curriculum, is important because it can allow students to examine a wide range of academic fields before studying concrete methods of applying those fields practically. Since I am taking the Art: Inside/Out Engagement, I also sought to interpret this sentence in taking "arts" literally to mean art in its various expressive forms. In this way, this sentence helps develop the important concept that art and maths/sciences in no way exist in conflict with each other; while many believe these two subjects to be on opposite sides of an academic spectrum, this section of the Rockfish Gap Report helps to remind that art and science can freely interact and engage with each other to work for the benefit of both.
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. But in this point of View the Anglo-Saxon is of peculiar value. We have placed it among the modern languages because it is in fact that which we speak, in the earliest form in which we have knowledge of it. It has been undergoing, with time, those gradual changes which all languages, antient and modern, have experienced: and even now, needs only to be printed in the Modern character and Orthography, to be intelligible in a considerable degree to an English reader.
While it is interesting to see that Anglo-Saxon is considered an important language at the founding of the school, it is also interesting to see what is not considered to be important. Most of these languages are either Western or Antiquity; a microcosm showing how small the world was to the educators of 1818.
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Hebrew
It is fascinating that, from the University's founding, Hebrew was taught as one of the "antient" languages. As a current student in the Modern Hebrew program here at UVa, and as someone who has lived in Israel during a gap year, I have been exposed to contemporary Hebrew in a variety of settings. The ancient, Biblical Hebrew is much different than modern Hebrew, and undoubtably provides a unique perspective on the Jewish religion. Oddly enough though, the ancient Hebrew that the first students at UVa were studying was probably Aramaic, and not Hebrew, as that is the language seen in most Jewish ancient texts. Considering Hebrew as an ancient language places a historical and religious label on the language that is much different from the Hebrew spoken in Israel and across the world today.
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- Sep 2017
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engagements2017-18.as.virginia.edu engagements2017-18.as.virginia.edu
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Hebrew
I was surprised to see that Hebrew was on the course list. At this point in time, the American Jewish population was very, very small. I suspect this would have been taught in the context of history, relating to the bible, as the old testament was written in biblical/classical Hebrew. From what I know about Western education historically, many of the "humanities" type subjects were very interdisciplinary, so I could understand religion and history being incorporated into this course.
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lti.hypothesislabs.com lti.hypothesislabs.com
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Charlotte knows her views and states them without ambiguity, rendering Austen’s great formal innovation, free indirect speech, notably irrelevant.
Interesting insight. Austen's narration style becomes unnecessary, as Charlotte's language speaks for itself (pardon the pun)
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Charlotte’s short speech is punctuated with terms of finality—“entirely,” “in the least,” “always”—even as it loosely follows a couple from “beforehand,” through marriage, to the horizon of having “passed your life.”
Austin's use of diction to determine a major factor of Charlotte's decisions on marriage.
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free indirect speech translates the internal contradictions of Austen’s characters to her readers.36 Charlotte is granted by Austen that formal device which critics have long agreed mediates the complexity of her characters at other moments—when her motives shift from relieving Elizabeth of Mr. Collins’s irksome companionship to thinking about the benefits of securing him as her own husband, for example—but here, when Charlotte wants to make clear to her friend that she has not chosen an unhappy life, she is articu-lately straightforward. Charlotte’s mode of communication only adds to Elizabeth’s discomfort about her friend’s attitude toward intimacy.
More mention of narrative and strong example of Austin's FID. Charlotte's language changes when her subject manner changes. Does Austen choose to make Charlotte a complex, or flat character? I find it amazing that Austen's language (which, as a reader, is easy to overlook) provides so much detail and depth to her characters and their situations.
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She severs the moral and conceptual bonds linking marriage to progress, conjugal harmony to personal growth, and future happiness to the judgment of character, all of which Elizabeth teaches herself throughout the novel to see as natural and necessary.
I think this is a very interesting insight. However, I think Moe does herself a disservice by briefly mentioning this finding without further description. Since part of her argument relies on narrative/text, a further exploration of this idea and Charlotte's particular language would have enhanced her many points.
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Her expectations that individual flourishing takes the form of unconstraint form a striking contrast to the role that self-discipline and the repetitious practices of everyday existence promise to play in Charlotte’s married life.
Moe's language is a bit ambiguous here; is she critiquing or promoting Charlotte's choice? "Self-discipline" is a positive quality and outcome of her marriage to Collins, but "repetitious . . . existence" is made to seem both dreary and wrongful. Of course, no one decision can be simplified to "good" or "bad," but I find her language in this point--which should be a strong closer to the paragraph--to be misleading.
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github.com github.com
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hm. lots of moving parts. Doesn't give the minimal / orthogonal feel of kernel monte + safeScope. No Near / Far refs?
(describe any?) goes to stdout - ambient!
Tags
Annotators
URL
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- Aug 2017
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es.wikibooks.org es.wikibooks.org
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Realmente promueve la construcción de conocimiento porque obliga a activar el pensamiento individual, a buscar formas de investigar sea en forma independiente o en grupo, y promueve valores en forma semiconsciente como la cooperación, la responsabilidad, la comunicación, el trabajo en equipo, la autoevaluación individual y de los compañeros (ITESM,2001).
Working and collaborating will promote faster language acquisition
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- Jul 2017
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newlearningonline.com newlearningonline.com
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Modalities of Meaning
The different modes are extremely important in language learning.
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School was a universe of straightforwardly right and wrong answers, of authoritative texts and authoritarian teachers.
moving away from the red pen and the bad grades, we recognized that our job as teachers is not to pass or fail our students, our job is to teach them to create and obtain information from themselves, to guide them in the right direction for them to learn.
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we spoke of the need to conceive meaning-making as a form of design or active and dynamic transformation of the social world, and its contemporary forms increasingly multimodal, in which the linguistic, the visual, the audio, the gestural and the spatial modes of meaning were increasingly integrated in everyday media and cultural practices. These constituted the second of the ‘multis’—the inherent multimodality of contemporary forms of representation. As a consequence, the traditional emphasis on alphabetical literacy (letter sounds in words in sentences in texts in literatures) would need to be supplemented in a pedagogy of Multiliteracies by learning how to read and write multimodal texts which integrated the other modes with language.
When teaching languages, the importance of changing the pedagogy to integrate multiliteracies.
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www.learnnc.org www.learnnc.org
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In my classroom, we spend a lot of time talking about how to summarize a text by finding pertinent points and casting them in one’s own words.
As a foreing language teacher, we need ti remind our students that information has to be summarize and analize in order to use it.
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www.citejournal.org www.citejournal.org
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Email does not afford synchronous communication in the way that a phone call, a face-to-face conversation, or instant messaging does. Nor does email afford the conveyance of subtleties of tone, intent, or mood possible with face-to-face communication.
extremely important when "negocioation of meaning" is at play
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clalliance.org clalliance.org
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The “connected” in connected learning is about human connection as well as tapping the power of connected technologies.
I found this very true for languages learners, specially foreign languages. The purpose of language is comunication, for a foreign language classroom, conections to real people gives meaning to the class and those connections would not be possible without the use of technology.
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Language, to me, is a mystery because I haven’t studied it but, I know there’s loads of literature out there, and we know in general that kids learn language differently from adults and that people can learn a language by immersion rather than by any direct instruction in grammar or anything. It’s interesting that the term literacies is used with reference to language acquisition, and we use it in digital literacies. One common aspect of literacies which also came up in earlier conversations with Sally, was my belief that digital literacies could only be (really) learned socially, as with language.
Cognitive skills vs Physical skills when learning languages
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Native English speakers tend to be very poor at using English as a lingua franca.
- Don't talk fast.
- Don't use slang, obscure terms, or abbreviations.
- Give the other person time to absorb what you said and construct a reply.
- Restate important points in a different way.
- Make sure you get genuine confirmation.
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- Jun 2017
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www.musicalpassage.org www.musicalpassage.org
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In the notation for “Angola,” furthermore, there are words presented to be sung: “Ho-baognion, Hoba, Hoba, Hoba-ognion.” In “Koromanti,” meanwhile, one phrase is included: “Meri Bonbo mich langa meri wa langa.”
We would love any leads or ideas about how we might figure out what these lines mean, what language they are in, etc.
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github.com github.com
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The Automated R Instructor
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- May 2017
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smritiweb.com smritiweb.com
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Sanskrit is the only human spoken language which has a context free grammar which means while you cannot write a compiler which can read and understand (parse) english sentences bcoz of the ambiguous nature in English sentences, you can definitely write a compiler for Sanskrit which can understand sanskrit and compile the instructions into binary.
Using Sanskrit as a language for computing has been proposed, but seems to go nowhere.
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- Apr 2017
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terralang.org terralang.orgTerra1
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Terra is a low-level system programming language that is embedded in and meta-programmed by the Lua programming language
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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Words distorted by English are known as an-glicisms or pochismos.
language ruins words
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which developed naturally
"Natural development" here seems to imply that there are types of language that are not constructed, but of course we can use cultural context to intuit that she does not mean "natural" as the opposite of constructed but to mean something closer to "just as valid as other language, which is all constructed and ever-evolving."
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I felt like we really existed as a people.
Signaling the psychological connection/validation between seeing your spoken language in the public sphere of written language. Although she is not necessarily arguing for the superiority of written language, she is acknowledging it's psychic importance as a validating power.
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lti.hypothesislabs.com lti.hypothesislabs.com
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In turn, this child’s statement may shift the teacher’s learning and encourage her or him to recreate or extend this same experience to another area of study in the curriculum.
I hadn't thought about this aspect of discourse: not just the various context the content but of the experience of learning itself, how a teacher responds to student work, how that work is set up in the first place.
I think hypothes.is is particularly useful in relation to this type of context in the way it makes certain previously hidden aspects of learning visible...
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Local file Local file
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deliver
That terrible word again. Language matters.
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emaren84.github.io emaren84.github.io
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결국 메타언어에 존재하는 정보를 프로그래밍 언어에 합리적으로 추가하면, 더 유용하게 사용할 수 있다.
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demo.clab.cs.cmu.edu demo.clab.cs.cmu.edu
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if your goal is word representation learning,you should consider both NCE and negative sampling
Wonder if anyone has compared these two approaches
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- Mar 2017
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
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“cult of authenticity.”
I love this phrase but it also sees kind of paradoxical: cultivating authenticity?...
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tachesdesens.blogspot.com tachesdesens.blogspot.com
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I am becoming aware of the prosthetic aspect of language, of digital technology.
Reaching out.
Ironman.
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tachesdesens.blogspot.com tachesdesens.blogspot.com
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She helped me with my French
The language of those in power....
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I spoke, I was in tears at all the frustration I had felt, the people in the room were touched.
This was me who was doing that.
This was the best work that I could muster at that moment.
Frustration at not having the means to communicate.
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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[dessiner]
I like the inclusion of the original French words throughout this piece, because I think they add more depth and dimension to Derrida's argument. For instance, "dessiner" can be translated into English as "depict" but it's more direct translation is "draw." I'm actually curious if the inclusion of the original French was something that Derrida insisted upon in the English version (and that's just me assuming that he wrote this text in his native French...) or whether that was an decision made by the editor(s) of this version? Anyway, these alternative French words and their alternative definitions/English translations have got me thinking here about Byron's earlier annotation, when he undertook defining polysemy...
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ac.els-cdn.com ac.els-cdn.com
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Res ear ch often isolates particular pieces of the complex puzzle in order to study them in detail. However useful this may be, it obscures the dynamism of the actual teaching and learning work that goes on, and cannot show the emergent and contingent nature of that work
So is one example of this the teaching of vocabulary and grammar out of context of authentic reading and conversation?
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There must be room in a learning environment for a variety of expressions of agency to flourish.
Love this.
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However, in order to make significant progress, and to make enduring strides in terms of setting objectives, pursuing goals and moving towards lifelong learning, learners need to make choices and employ agency in more self-direct ed ways.
This is just what Naoko is doing by allowing students to choose their topics of research within the context of a language learning course.
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Agency is therefore a central concept in learning, at many levels an in many manifestations. It is a more general and more profound concept than the closely related terms autonomy, motivation and investment. One might say that autonomy, motivation and investment are in a sense products (or manifestations) of a person’s agency.
Interesting.
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the multilayered nature of interaction and language use, in all their complexity and as a network of interdependencies among all the elements in the setting, not only at the social level, but also at the physical and symbolic level
Does this map to literary theory in any way?...
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any utterance can carry several layers of meaning
And all those layers can be visualized through annotation: vocabulary, cultural context...
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“layer ed simultaneity.”
Love that phrase.
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I like to use this image to illustrate that any utterance has a number of layers of meaning. It refers not only to the here and now, but also to the past and the future of the person or persons involved in the speech event, to the world around us, and to the identity that the speaker projects.
Wow. Annotation fits quite nicely here as helping to visualize these layers in a slightly more user-friendly way than Escher.
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and they are dynamic and emergent, never finished or absolute.
Come on, "not-yet-ness" (Collier).
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ecologically valid contexts, relationships, agency, motivation and identity.
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ecological perspective,
Everything is inter-related. Language cannot be learned out of context, out of community.
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drive.google.com drive.google.com
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That is, he treats author, meaning, and knowledge as a function of discourse, not as its source.
Discourse itself is the rhetor.
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www.folgerdigitaltexts.org www.folgerdigitaltexts.orgMacbeth1
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“Give FTLN 0097 me,” quoth I. FTLN 0098 “Aroint thee, witch,” the rump-fed runnion cries.
as the witch asks for some chestnuts. the well fed lady screams go away witch
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Willkommen in diesem B1 Sprach- und Kulturkurs Deutsch! Dieser Kurs ist für alle diejenigen offen, die sich für die deutsche Sprache und Kultur interessieren (kann in Kanada oder anderswo in der Welt sein). Teilnehmende werden notwendige Einsichten in das (Uni-)Leben in Deutschland und anderen deutschsprachigen Ländern bekommen. Sie müssen also gar nicht nach Deutscland fahren, um zu erleben, wie sich Deutschland anfühlt.Vision: Dieser Kurs möchte Lernern mit beschränktem Zugang eine kostengünstige Alternative zum Deutschlernen auf B1-Niveau anbieten.Für Wen: Interessenten jeder Art, die einen Studienaufenthalt in Deutschland planen oder sich generell für das Leben in Deutschland heute interessieren. Übergreifendes Ziel des Kurses: Eine aktive Gemeinschaft von Deutschlernenden bilden, deren Mitglieder sich mithilfe nützlicher Webtools auch über Länder- und Zeitgrenzen hinweg selbstständig dem Deutschlernen widmen können.Kursdauer: 10-12 WochenWöchentlicher Arbeitsaufwand: 3-5 StundenKurskommunikation zwischen Kursleitung und KursteilnehmendenRegelmäßige Umfragen an Studenten, um Bedürfnisse der Teilnehmenden zu erfassenLernstandsmessung: Eine Kombination aus automatisiertem Feedback und persönlichen Kommentaren der Kursleitung Kursmaterialien: alle verwendeten Materialien sind kostenfrei im Internet zugänglich und von jederman nutzbar (OER)Kursbuch: Deutsch im Blick. Online German Course Components including textbook/ audio/ video/ etc. CC-BY-NC-ND: UT Austin. Available: http://coerll.utexas.edu/dib/
This course caters to all people interested in learning German (in Canada or other parts of the world). Participants in this course will gain an insight into so (university) life in Germany and the German-speaking countries. You won't have to be there to still see what Germany feels like!
Intended Audience: Informal students or faculty/ instructors planning a study visit to Germany or people interested in (uni) life in Germany
High-level Course Goal: Build a community of learners of German and provide its members with valuable insights into webtools and open study content, so that the learners can then continue learning German independently after this course.
Length of Course: 10-12 weeks Weekly study time for students: 3-5 hours Communication of instructor with students: General feedback on collaborative activities on a weekly basis (private speaking lessons with one-on-one practice sessions can be arranged for a fee) Track students’ happiness with individual module surveys Assessment: Automated Feedback or General Feedback to community at the end of weekly modules Materials used: all materials and tools used for language learning activities are either Open Educational Resources (OER) or otherwise freely available resources on the internet Course Book: Deutsch im Blick. Online German Course Components including textbook/ audio/ video/ etc. CC-BY-NC-ND: UT Austin. Available: http://coerll.utexas.edu/dib/
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(Uni)-Leben in Deutschland: Ein Deutschkurs auf B1-Niveau
(Uni) Life in Germany: A German Language Course on the B1 Level
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A new virtual reality app aims to make this learning process much easier and even fun.
Sounds like a great idea! I'd try it!
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sites.google.com sites.google.com
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He had a working analysis of mankind’s troubles: marriage, money and the tangles of human ties. Long practice had sharpened his perception. Within five minutes he understood what was wrong. He charged three pies per question and never opened his mouth till the other had spoken for at least ten minutes, which provided him enough stuff for a dozen answers and advices. When he told the person before him, gazing at his palm, ‘In many ways you are not getting the fullest results for your efforts, ’ nine out of ten were disposed to agree with him. Or he questioned: ‘Is there any woman in your family, maybe even a distant relative, who is not well disposed towards you?’ Or he gave an analysis of character: ‘Most of your troubles are due to your nature. How can you be otherwise with Saturn where he is? You have an impetuous nature and a rough exterior.’ This endeared him to their hearts immediately, for even the mildest of us loves to think that he has a forbidding exterior.
What can you say about the Astrologer's prediction? What does the language reveal about his craft?
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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jeux d 'esprit
"a lighthearted display of wit and cleverness, especially in a work of literature"
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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genius loci
protective spirits of a location
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cribe and influence human motives
Language as action, not just description; rhetoric is not only reflective, but also integral to formation and motivation. Interesting to think about when considering Burke's historical context i.e. the early 20th century was marred by intensely violent acts such as wars, revolution, and genocide. Perhaps the physical omnipresence of violence contributed to a conceptualization of words as a kind of violence.
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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bona fide
singular of "bona fides"
use traced back to the mid 16th century
translated from the original latin, meaning "with good faith"
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- Feb 2017
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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Of Rhetoric various definitions have been given by different writers;
For since sounds are voluntary and indifferent signs of any ideas, a man may use what words he pleases to signify his own ideas to himself: and there will be no im-perfection in them, if he constantly use the same sign for the same idea: for then he cannot fail of having his meaning understood, wherein consists the right use and perfection of language (Locke, 817).
Makes me think back to the subjectivity of what rhetoric and language can be; as long as one person believes it to be true, then it must be true
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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line between written and spoken rhetoric was indistinct
Thinking back to Sheridan, who would probably disagree: "But tho' all who are blest with the gift of speech, by constantly associating the ideas of articulate sounds, to those characters which they see on paper, come to imagine that there is a necessary connection between them, and that the one, is merely a symbol of the other; yet, that it is in itself, a manner of communication entirely different, and utterly independent of the other..."
Further down in the paragraph it is suggested that this blurred line between written and spoken rhetoric could possibly be attributed to Douglass' blending of African, European, and American cultural elements, beyond just necessary last-minute additions of antislavery tracts. Could it then be because of Sheridan's homogenous rhetorical background that he believed written and spoken word to be distinct?
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nfs.sparknotes.com nfs.sparknotes.com
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Away before me to sweet beds of flowers. Love thoughts lie rich when canopied with bowers.
Poetic - Blank verse, ending with a rhyming couplet. His language about Olivia is generally very well crafted and deliberate. There is a hint therefore of artificiality.
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liver, brain, and heart,
Use of metonymy. Orsino is asking for everything of Olivia - Hyperbole. http://digilander.libero.it/mgtund/elizabethan_beliefs.htm
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www.csicop.org www.csicop.org
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The first step in testing claims of conspiracy is to establish precisely what is being claimed
"Accordingly, in all tongues, perhaps without exception, the ordinary terms, which are considered as literally expressive of the latter [material subjects], are also used promiscuously to denote the former [spiritual subjects]." - Campbell
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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o close is the connex-ion between thoughts, and the words in which they arc clothed.
The distinct, even though here tightly connected, between words and things.
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nd when they rise, of themselves, from the subject, without being sought after.
As though any stylistic choices just float to the surface of language, rather than existing as the product of real work and thought on the part of the author? I could buy into an argument that such "ornamentation" comes more easily/naturally to some authors than others, but this phrasing seems to imply that artful language is the product of beauty from the thing itself, as though it is truth shining through. (Which, to be clear, I think is bullshit.)
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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The term, I own, is rather modem, but is nevertheless conve-nient, as it fills a vacant room, and doth not, like most of our newfangled words, justlc out older and worthier occupants, to the no small detriment of the language.
Lol. Why do I get the feeling that Campbell would be one of those Baby Boomers who angrily tweets about how Millennials are whiners and snowflakes and brunch-loving degenerates who are ruining all that is good and holy in the world with their "newfangled" technology; I can just picture him being appalled by my use of "lol" and how it's usage is a great detriment to language. Which actually brings me to an earlier ~debate~ between myself and Kevin about the "associative meanings" behind words in regards to their origins. How have modernity and, as Campbell says, convenience shaped language today, and have shortened words like "Lol" or "Tbh" or "Lmao" increased or decreased in their intended meaning? For instance, do we actually "Laugh out loud" when we say "Lol" or has that old meaning disassociated itself from the word and been supplanted by something else? And do we think that we are overlooking worthier occupants in our vocabulary? And how do emojis fit in to this whole picture? (Poor Campbell is probably rolling over in his grave...) Also I'm realizing just now that this is a little off topic sorry someone plz bring me back to center.
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In propriety there cannot be such a thing as an universal grammar, unless there were such a thing as an universal language.
Even if there was a universal language, would it avoid the problem of humans applying disparaging meanings to words, as suggested by Locke? Locke suggests that even those who speak the same tongue do not fully comprehend one another because individuals apply different meanings to the same word based on feelings, background, culture, etc.
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nfs.sparknotes.com nfs.sparknotes.com
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desires, like fell and cruel hounds
Conceit - a clever, and surprising way of using figurative language. This gives the speech not only a poetic, but scholarly quality.
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t instant was I turned into a hart,
Language is elevated through mythological allusions. The allusion also suggests that Olivia has a high status of a goddess.
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www.poetryfoundation.org www.poetryfoundation.org
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she could see the yellow billows spread like gasor dreams between kids’ legs.
How is the language on one hand innocently childish, and yet for an adult reader somewhat disturbing?
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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Knowledge itself is independent of language
Makes me think of the Jungle Book. One of our brilliant teacher's rants: How the hell does Mowgli know/understand the concept of language?
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Complex ideas are not universal, as .. we can see by the difficulties of translating from one language to another.
Rhetoric is already complicated enough, and I was only viewing it through an English lens up until this point. Thinking about how rhetoric influences other linguistic interpretations of a thought/feeling/idea/opinion, and how other linguistic practices that incorporate cultural differences in turn influenced the development of rhetoric makes my brain hurt.
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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i"\ o~..l."'1 ~.Cf'\lc:,.e( ol11~&.1.U1~~J \ '-'-'\-~~ Q ~4....,t. ~e:cr.·u.s.
In it's own way, the body also engages in rhetoric. I find it interesting that Austin tried to document it in such a visual manner, although the execution was... meh.
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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narrow conception which we have of it; and therefore are wholly confined to the knowledge and use of words:
From what I remember in History of English Language, language has been defined more broadly since Sheridan's day, if language was really strictly defined to words. I think language is now considered as a system of intentional, conventional signs. Unfortunately, animals and the "melancholy mournings of the turtle" (shoutout to kpolizzi and gilmanhernandez) are not considered language within this definition. This reading and the definition of language from the HOEL textbook by Algeo both heavily emphasized oral-aural communication, so I'm curious about the deaf community's perspective on language. Also I was definitely not expecting to bring up disability as much as I have been; I can try to limit my annotations on that subject.
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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that they had affixed a very different meaning to their expressions.
Reflects Locke's annoyance with the inconsistency in meaning applied to language
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- Jan 2017
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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who have scarce any standing rule to regulate themselves and their notions by, in such arbitrary ideas.
There is a strong moral component here in Locke's thinking about language.
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philosophy is to improve languag
From what I've read so far, it seems that for Locke improvement in language means that language would more accurately convey knowledge. But I also wonder about how language changes over time. Language has certainly changed over time; for example, there are many new terms because of computer technology and social media. Language changes because of cultural/technological context, but it seems that no amount of change in language can remove language's distance from reality (language represents ideas which represent the essence of things).
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Now, since sounds have no natural connection with our ideas, but have all their signification from the arbitrary imposition \ l .;.s.~l' of men,
I always thought the most helpful evidence (that was once pointed out to me) that sound-symbols are arbitrary is proof that even onomatopoeia varies from language to language. So even the sounds that we claim represent most directly are not necessarily similar from language to language. Here are some good examples:
http://mentalfloss.com/article/51996/12-onomatopoeias-around-world
(This video is also interesting in that the more complex the animal's sound, the more dramatically onomatopoetic words vary from language to language. A cat's "meow" sounds almost the same in any language, whereas there are many different ways of representing a dog's bark, or a rooster's crow. I guess "meow" is the closest humanity can get to non-arbitrary language. Meow = Truth???)
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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Paleo
It seems really provocative to study rhetoric before ancient Greece; it's certainly something I had never heard of, not that that is saying much. Also, I've only encountered materiality and rhetoric in regards to modern technology, so it's really interesting to trace this back waaaay before computers and even books. It's also interesting that this is a time when there wasn't a written, standard language. Other articles for this week discussed delivery and body language, but uses of some sort of standard language was always a focus, so going all the way back to the Paleolithic really stretches the boundaries of rhetoric in an exciting way.
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- Nov 2016
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hypothes.is hypothes.is
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Spanish he/she has a wide range of options in job opportunities after the completion of graduation. Spanish major is really very helpful for the students as it provides them with a greatly enriched view of the entire world around them. It is helpful to them because it also provides them with the best Spanish language skills which are really important in many professional occupations.
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hypothes.is hypothes.is
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Today English is the most commonly used, i.e. spoken, written and listened language, making it extremely popular all around the world. In many countries, it has become the second official language, as they have understood the importance of it in the modern context. http://blog.selectmytutor.co.uk/top-10-books-on-english-language/
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- Oct 2016
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teaching.lfhanley.net teaching.lfhanley.net
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Quando fiam uti chelidon
Translates to: “When shall I be as the swallow?” This is referring to Philomela (daughter of Pandion, King of Athens). In the story, she was transformed into a nightingale or something like that.
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Datta. Dayadhvam. Damyata.
Datta: give/giving
Dayadhvam: compassion/be compassionate
Damyata: control/self-control
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DA
"Da" in German is similar to the English word "there." It is also used to mean "being present," not just as a location pointer. It was originally "there" as in "not here" but as all words' meanings morph over time, it can now also mean "then." So "Da" as a word occupies a space and a time.
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Shantih shantih shantih
There is peace in the rubbish. (Spelling?)
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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This means that teachers spend a lot of time adapting and creating their own materials
they teach their 2nd lang
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Often the teachers in these programs are second-language learners themselves
even adults teaching english isn't 1st lang. so they are learning as they teach
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bring languages into our schools—our Native languages and many more; it spreads our language around
its true they need to preserve the languages so more ppl learn it and so it won't die
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allowing it to offer dual-language instruction
offering more instruction=more children to learn
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- Sep 2016
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online.salempress.com.lacademy.idm.oclc.org online.salempress.com.lacademy.idm.oclc.org
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There are also a variety of magazines available in El Salvador, in both Spanish and English.
This is pretty good for salvadorians who want to practice their english, if they are choosing to learn it. It is also nice for the visiting americans, to read the news if they can't read/speak spanish.
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95 percent of Salvadorans.
thats a pretty large poplation...
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Spanish is the official language of El Salvador. Among the more educated, English is the most common second language.
If u were to visit El Salvador, this would be very useful seeming English is the most common second language. It would be a good idea to learn some Spanish survival sayings first though.
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online.salempress.com.lacademy.idm.oclc.org online.salempress.com.lacademy.idm.oclc.org
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Spanish
language spoken
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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language or customs.
these are examples of explicit culture. Something in a culture that you can't actually touch or feel but helps you learn about the culture for example language and traditions.
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“international pariah” in personal email exchanges that were leaked online
blah blah
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- Aug 2016
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www.danah.org www.danah.org
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There's also the political. I was always bothered by the fact that the first person singular pronoun is capitalized in english - i always thought it was quite self-righteous. Or, as Douglas Adams noted, "Capital letters were always the best way of dealing with things you didn't have a good answer to." Ever since i was a kid, i was told that the world does not revolve around me, yet our written culture is telling me something entirely different. Why not capitalize 'we' or 'they'? (Yes, i love the work of bell hooks.)
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motherboard.vice.com motherboard.vice.com
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There are technical, scientific, and cultural factors that are instructive in exploring why humans, and Earth as currently constructed, aren’t well-suited to having a universal language.
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- Jul 2016
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medium.com medium.com
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Translation apps continue to leave much to be desired.
Cue Roman Jakobson. In a way, by giving the illusion of mutual understanding, these apps exacerbate the problem. Also, because they do the worst job with rich language work (nuance, subtlety, wordplay, polysemy, subtext…) they encourage a very “sterile” language which might have pleased Orwell like it pleases transhumanists, but which waters down what makes language worth speaking.
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what is the English-speaking world missing out on by not reading the content written in other languages
Though he’s been associated with a very strange idea he never had, Edward Sapir was quite explicit about this loss over a hundred years ago. Thinking specifically about a later passage warning people about the glossocide English language. But it’s been clear in his work from long before that excerpt that we’re missing out when we focus on a single language.
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the voice of the rest of the world
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a handful in a few major world languages
One might think that those other languages are well-represented. People connected with the Open Knowledge Foundation are currently tackling this very issue. Here, Open Education isn’t just about content.
Tags
- ethnocentrism
- diversity
- ethnolinguistics
- translation
- Roman Jakobson
- giving voice
- Traduttore traditore
- World Languages
- #PrescriptivistPoppycock
- Open Knowledge Foundation
- translation apps
- language diversity
- cultural diversity
- global inequalities
- language survival
- linguistic diversity
- empowerment
- Open Education
- Language Insecurity
- Plain Language
Annotators
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samkriss.wordpress.com samkriss.wordpress.com
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www.dusandevic.com www.dusandevic.com
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Ostati ili otići iz ugla programera
I should write this in English
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brito.ca brito.ca
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De ce point de vue, il n'est pas nécessaire d'argumenter longuement sur ces dispositions car le convergence des structures de productivité peut produire des miracles et agrémenter le soutien du jeu des stratégies des forces en présence.
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- Jun 2016
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www.nybooks.com www.nybooks.comWords1
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“When I use a word,” Humpty Dumpty said, in rather a scornful tone, “it means just what I choose it to mean—neither more nor less.”
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www.apple.com www.apple.com
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And because it’s built to take full advantage of iPad, it’s a first-of-its-kind learning experience.
Sure, we’ve heard that before. But there’s reason to be cautiously optimistic about this one.
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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Prescriptivists dislike the use of “impact” as a verb
Glad Anglophone prescriptivists aren’t having their way. If they did, chances are that the language would have a similar fate to German as a colonial language. Chances are that a predilection for normative language has greatly impacted language insecurity among Francophones.
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- Apr 2016
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dropthatpdf.org dropthatpdf.orgARGUMENT1
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seemeth
This is an archaic use of the -eth suffix for third-person indicative. This faded from usage during the Middle and Early Modern English periods.
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- Jan 2016
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hackeducation.com hackeducation.com
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“participation architectures.”
I much prefer this nomenclature especially since it allows me to add Christopher Alexander to the mix. He argued that there are machine systems and growing systems. Or perhaps we can think of the distinction as between engineered and rhizomatic? Or using James Scott's terms: legible v illegible.
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bigthink.com bigthink.com
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Linguistic intelligence is how well you’re able to use language. It’s a kind of skill that poets have, other kinds of writers; journalists tend to have linguistic intelligence, orators.
I guess I do have a prejudice for this one. Don't all people use language to learn, reason, argue, and communicate, no matter their discipline or field?
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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Here’s what the Finns, who don’t begin formal reading instruction until around age 7, have to say about preparing preschoolers to read: “The basis for the beginnings of literacy is that children have heard and listened … They have spoken and been spoken to, people have discussed [things] with them … They have asked questions and received answers.”
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- Dec 2015
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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The Book of Human Emotions, Tiffany Watt Smith
Emotions are not just biological, but cultural. Different societies have unique concepts for combinations of feelings in particular circumstances.
If you know a word for an emotion, you can more easily recognize it, control it -- and perhaps feel it more intensely.
Emotions and how they are valued also varies across time as well as space. Sadness was valued in Renaissance Europe: they felt it made you closer to God. Today we value happiness, and we may value it too much. Emodiversity is the idea that feeling a wide range of emotions is good for you mentally and physically.
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This could be the first time we can talk with empirical evidence about language requiring innate components or not.
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- Nov 2015
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chronicle.com chronicle.com
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may not transfer well across borders because of language and context
Can we embrace diversity?
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courses.edx.org courses.edx.org
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I don't totally agree with the fact that writers the creation of language is the target of a writer, I think language is just a means, the "algorithm" that "plays" with words/semanthincs, as any machine can do
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- Jul 2015
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www.venturesity.com www.venturesity.com
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Up for a Challenge?
Do you have what it takes? Signup on www.venturesity.com and unlock opportunities.
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- Jun 2015
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caseyboyle.net caseyboyle.net
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capacity of words to activate the senses
This makes me think of David Abram's The Spell of the Sensuous, an exploration of the sensuous foundations of language.
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- May 2015
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caseyboyle.net caseyboyle.net
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Other attachments matter for rhetoric
I wonder about the relationship between "attachment" and sensation. Could one become attached without sensing the attachment? And is attachment rhetorical: is it like a language, even if it is not (only) epistemic?
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caseyboyle.net caseyboyle.net
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There are good reasons for writing.
Here I start to wonder about "translating" sensory perceptions into (written) language; namely, are we ever not doing that.
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- Apr 2015
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www.bostonglobe.com www.bostonglobe.com
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self-radicalized
What is the "self-" qualifier doing here? Is this useful for some reason? No one exists in a bubble.
Here's one article about the term: http://aclj.org/jihad/self-radicalized-islamic-terrorist
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- Dec 2014
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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his grammar feud
Yeah, grammar marmism is rampant in our worlds. Some people mistake language for a machine when it is really a joshua tree or a redwood or some kind of fungus. The only disease that would kill language would be the evolution of telepathy and I don't think that would do it. To adapt Johnny Paycheck: take your rules Mr. Heller and shove 'em.
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Correction, the link location for Unspeakableness has changed to http://peiyinglin.net/unspeakableness.html
More details accessible here: http://unspeakableness.net/
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- Nov 2014
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ankiweb.net ankiweb.net
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This deck contains all must-have basic Esperanto rootwords as suggested by the editorial team of the magazine Kontakto.
That sounds good. I aim to get fluent this semester!
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- Oct 2014
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juliawebstack.org juliawebstack.org
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- Mar 2014
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gap2.alexandriaarchive.org gap2.alexandriaarchive.org
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Hdt. 2.2. The Nature vs. Nurture enigma is presented here. It is advocated here that language is biologically programmed here and thus language is a nature phenomenon. However, the nature v. nurture debate has become bane in the field of psychology. Do the lengths or widths make a rectangle?
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- Feb 2014
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ubuntuone.com ubuntuone.com
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What intrigued me when I first walked into Neil’s living room was the concept of a collaboration- driven ethos , although at the time I had no idea what those words mean
collaboration-driven ethos
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users-cs.au.dk users-cs.au.dk
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The intended readers (all twelve of them) can de- co de the formal presentation, detect the new idea hidden in lemma 4, ignore the routine and uninteresting calculations of lemmas 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and see what the author is doing and why he do es it. But for the noninitiate, this is a cipher that will never yield its secret.
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- Nov 2013
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caseyboyle.net caseyboyle.net
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We have seen how it is originally language which works on the construction of concepts, a labor taken over in later ages by science.
We take a turn here to see how deceptive language can be. It's power to persuade by verbiage, not just by what is being said.
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Just as it is certain that one leaf is never totally the same as another, so it is certain that the concept "leaf" is formed by arbitrarily discarding these individual differences and by forgetting the distinguishing aspects.
A 'snowflake' sort of ideal applied to other words... but a valid point. Our language is imperfect, inaccurate, and vague- every time I read through Nietzche I come around to his thought process a little more.
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In the same way that the sound appears as a sand figure, so the mysterious X of the thing in itself first appears as a nerve stimulus, then as an image, and finally as a sound. Thus the genesis of language does not proceed logically in any case, and all the material within and with which the man of truth, the scientist, and the philosopher later work and build, if not derived from never-never land, is a least not derived from the essence of things.
It's fascinating to consider how if our language had been constructed differently... based on, somehow, a logical reasoning of stimuli... mankind would think entirely differently.
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This creator only designates the relations of things to men, and for expressing these relations he lays hold of the boldest metaphors
It would be hard to imagine human language without a humanocentric bent, but a completely fair point nonetheless.
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we believe that we know something about the things themselves when we speak of trees, colors, snow, and flowers; and yet we possess nothing but metaphors for things--metaphors which correspond in no way to the original entities
And this is exactly what linguists are talking about when they say that words are simply symbols for the things that they represent
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This creator only designates the relations of things to men, and for expressing these relations he lays hold of the boldest metaphors
I can understand his reasoning in this statement. Our language describes the world and things around us in relation to mankind. Kind of ego-centrical if you think about it
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Is language the adequate expression of all realities
Great question, and I think the answer is 'no'. Each language has it's own restrictions in expressing certain ideas, emotions, or situations. I definitely think that there are boundaries that can confine our expression in any language
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In the same way that the sound appears as a sand figure, so the mysterious X of the thing in itself first appears as a nerve stimulus, then as an image, and finally as a sound. Thus the genesis of language does not proceed logically in any case, and all the material within and with which the man of truth, the scientist, and the philosopher later work and build, if not derived from never-never land, is a least not derived from the essence of things.
I'm not sure exactly what he is trying to say here. Is he saying that while language is not pulled from out of know where, words and language are built upon connections to other words instead of the intrinsic nature of a thing?
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The "thing in itself" (which is precisely what the pure truth, apart from any of its consequences, would be) is likewise something quite incomprehensible to the creator of language and something not in the least worth striving for. This creator only designates the relations of things to men, and for expressing these relations he lays hold of the boldest metaphors.
Language vs. Truth
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dissolve an image into a concept.
Do we lose something in this dissolution?
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but we do know of countless individualized and consequently unequal actions which we equate by omitting the aspects in which they are unequal and which we now designate as "honest" actions.
Well, how else are people supposed to function in a real world? Nothing's constant, so all we can do is make assumptions and generalizations in an attempt to make sense of our surroundings
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and yet we possess nothing but metaphors for things--metaphors which correspond in no way to the original entities
definition of language
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copy
Implies that the sound is, somehow, directly related to the perception of something?
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And besides, what about these linguistic conventions themselves? Are they perhaps products of knowledge, that is, of the sense of truth? Are designations congruent with things? I
I wanted to highlight "Is language the adequate expression of all realities?"
Without language, what exists?
If deception is only deception because of a negative result, is deception without a negative result still deception?
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The various languages placed side by side show that with words it is never a question of truth, never a question of adequate expression; otherwise, there would not be so many languages
We are only continually approximating out thoughts, not fully communicating
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caseyboyle.net caseyboyle.net
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There are two universal, general gifts be-stowed by nature upon man, Reason and Speech; dialectic is the theory of the former, grammar and rhetoric of the latte
Language is probably the greatest tool human kind has. Reasoning exists in many animals, but extensive communication networks and language is ours! Also, poor use of the word "Universal" here. If it was a universal gift, it would be for everyone and not just man.
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- Oct 2013
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www9.georgetown.edu www9.georgetown.edu
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as infants cannot learn to speak except by learning words and phrases from those who do speak
Read some Chompsky. Language is an internal process. The Language Instinct from Pinker is good, too.
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the rules which are laid down in the art of oratory could not have been observed, and noted, and reduced to system, if they had not first had their birth in the genius of orators
Early study of a language needed.
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rhetoric.eserver.org rhetoric.eserver.org
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Language is based on reason, antiquity, authority, custom. It is analogy, and sometimes etymology, that affords the chief support to reason. A certain majesty, and, if I may so express myself, religion, graces the antique.
beautiful
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rhetoric.eserver.org rhetoric.eserver.org
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Foreign words, like men, and like many of our institutions, have come to us, I might almost say, from all nations.
Language is formed on complex interactions and has many histories, especially English. It cannot be classified as our language and other language because these so often overlap
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rhetoric.eserver.org rhetoric.eserver.org
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uneducated more effective than the educated when addressing popular audiences
"in oratory the very cardinal sin is to depart from the language of everyday life, and the usage approved by the sense of the community." - Cicero, De Oratore
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rhetoric.eserver.org rhetoric.eserver.org
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The foundation of good style is correctness of language, which falls under five heads. (1) First, the proper use of connecting words, and the arrangement of them in the natural sequence which some of them require. For instance, the connective "men" (e.g. ego men) requires the correlative "de" (e.g. o de). The answering word must be brought in before the first has been forgotten, and not be widely separated from it; nor, except in the few cases where this is appropriate, is another connective to be introduced before the one required. Consider the sentence, "But as soon as he told me (for Cleon had come begging and praying), took them along and set out." In this sentence many connecting words are inserted in front of the one required to complete the sense; and if there is a long interval before "set out," the result is obscurity. One merit, then, of good style lies in the right use of connecting words. (2) The second lies in calling things by their own special names and not by vague general ones. (3) The third is to avoid ambiguities; unless, indeed, you definitely desire to be ambiguous, as those do who have nothing to say but are pretending to mean something.
Use of language in good style.
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rhetoric.eserver.org rhetoric.eserver.org
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People do not feel towards strangers as they do towards their own countrymen, and the same thing is true of their feeling for language. It is therefore well to give to everyday speech an unfamiliar air: people like what strikes them, and are struck by what is out of the way.
Style. Use language people recognize and understand.
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- Sep 2013
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caseyboyle.net caseyboyle.net
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The power of discourse stands in the same relation to the soul's organization as the pharmacopoeia does to the physiology of bodies.
This is an important sentiment, one that we might see repeating in other readings. In what ways is language a drug? In what ways does language intoxicate or heal?
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