(n=15/145) neurons had significantly different firing rates between Simon and no-196 (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. The copyright holder for this preprintthis version posted March 15, 2020. . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.14.991745doi: bioRxiv preprint

A small number of individual 187 neurons also had different activity levels on Eriksen conflict and no conflict trials (8.2%, 188 n=12/145 neurons, within-cell t-test)

activity was higher on Ericksen conflict 185 trials than on no conflict trials

4917.0 (1) 5826.5 (1)*

Subtracting this expectation from the observed pattern 723 of activity left the residual activity that could not be explained by the linear co-activation 724 of task and distractor conditions

As an engineer, it’s important to explore different technologies. It’s important to identify the tools available to tackle problems. And it’s important to expand your horizons because then you can look cool on your CV.

More information about the Commons

The web is an amazing tool in bringing us together. Yet some of the best and brightest minds of our generation are working on how to get more people to click on ads. Imagine what technology could be capable of if it focused all that energy on the problems in our communities instead.

Just as journalists should be able to write about anything they want, comedians should be able to do the same and tell jokes about anything they please

A well-formatted and descriptive commit message is very helpful to others for understanding why the change was made, so please take the time to write it.

can we please stop jumping onto political bandwagons?

Some large tech behemoths could hypothetically shoulder the enormous financial burden of handling hundreds of new lawsuits if they suddenly became responsible for the random things their users say, but it would not be possible for a small nonprofit like Signal to continue to operate within the United States. Tech companies and organizations may be forced to relocate, and new startups may choose to begin in other countries instead.

e present a protocol for secure online com-munication, called “off-the-record messaging”, which hasproperties better-suited for casual conversation than do sys-tems like PGP or S/MIME.

"Off-the-Record Communication, or, Why Not To Use PGP"

In 2013, the Signal Protocol was introduced, which is based on OTR Messaging and the Silent Circle Instant Messaging Protocol (SCIMP). It brought about support for asynchronous communication ("offline messages") as its major new feature, as well as better resilience with distorted order of messages and simpler support for conversations with multiple participants.[11] OMEMO, introduced in an Android XMPP client called Conversations in 2015, integrates the Double Ratchet Algorithm used in Signal into the instant messaging protocol XMPP ("Jabber") and also enables encryption of file transfers. In the autumn of 2015 it was submitted to the XMPP Standards Foundation for standardisation.

the OTR protocol also reveals used MAC keys as part of the next message, after they have already been used to authenticate previously received messages, and will not be re-used

The answer, of course, is end-to-end encryption. The way this works is to remove any “man-in-the-middle” vulnerabilities by encrypting messages from endpoint to endpoint, with only the sender and recipient holding the decryption key. This level of messaging security was pushed into the mass-market by WhatsApp, and has now become a standard feature of every other decent platform.

The issue, though—and it’s a big one, is that the SMS infrastructure is inherently insecure, lending itself to so-called “man-in-the-middle attacks.” Messages run through network data centres, everything can be seen—security is basic at best, and you are vulnerable to local carrier interception when travelling.

When you make a call using Signal, it will generate a two-word secret code on both the profiles. You will speak the first word and the recipient will check it. Then he will speak the second word and you can check it on your end. If both the words match, the call has not been intercepted and connected to the correct profile

OK, so what about regular messages? Turns out they are not encrypted after all. Where Signal implements the security and privacy protocols right from the start, Telegram separates the two and offers an additional option. The problem is that not everyone is aware of the Secret Chat option and first-time users may send sensitive information in the regular chat window unknowingly.

And that’s where the real problem may lie—not with student semi-literacy but with that of their teachers.

They face huge challenges,

This policy allows the test suite to stay green while letting individual teams decide when they would like to put in the effort to write more deterministic tests. They may choose to do so right away, or delay until they work on the feature again.

doing the wrong thing quickly is a good way to bankrupt us and our customers

The order is important.

there’s 3 steps to building software: Make it work Make it right Make it fast

“Make it work” means shipping something that doesn’t break. The code might be ugly and difficult to understand, but we’re delivering value to the customer and we have tests that give us confidence. Without tests, it’s hard to answer “Does this work?”

given the popularity and the fact that I'm not convinced we shouldn't have first-class support for this

Even given all that, I haven't decided to close the door on offering this support in the future. If it was my opinion that we were not going to accept this ever, I would have closed the issue.

In order to redecentralize the web, we need people to run some kind of own server.

The administration and its allies fear that the more people gravitate toward the successful, free-market self-insurance approach, the worse their government-engineered health “reform” will look. We’re already seeing the beginning of this trend.

Contact Big and successful businesses are built on a talented workforce this is not just a saying but a solid fact. Hiring an employee is one of the most important tasks for a business and it becomes even more critical when it comes to hiring the right employee.  From Mark Zuckerberg to Richard Brandson every billionaire has similar thoughts when it comes to building the team and every one of them has one thing in common, they always seek quality, punctuality, and skills in an employee. Hiring an employee could be challenging also it may seem like a play of fate and this is a very common feeling but, having a guide or tips on how to hire the right employee could help you in tons. So, here is the list of 7 best tips on hiring the right employee. Make a Plan No matter what you do, planning is the very first step when it comes to achieving a goal. A written plan which contains essential components of the hiring like job descriptions, a skill required, Pay grade, timing, etc. is needed to hire a person. The plan that you make for hiring must contain various details regarding the requirement of the job. The details that would want to add in the plan is as follows-  Title  The post or title of the job that you’re looking for should also be given clearly. Someone who’s educated enough to be a CEO wouldn’t want to be a normal worker. Hence, the specifications of the position while looking for a new candidate should be clear.  Pay Grade  For hiring the new employees, you should first and foremost be true about the pay grade. Pay grades facilitate the employment process by providing a fixed framework of salary ranges, as opposed to a free negotiation. So, you should just align with the grading system to let your company work smoothly.  Reporting Person Reporting Person means the person who prepares reports on updates, progresses, accomplishments, etc. of the employees as well as the company in total. While hiring new employees, you should first submit their resumes to this person so that he can well-prepare a report and it gets easier for you to decide.  Timings You should also clearly mention the shift timings while looking out or hiring new employees. The working hours, the holidays, the relaxations should be clearly told to them and see if they can work with it or not.  Department Name You should also clearly defined the department for which you’re trying to hire the new employees. Human resource departments are often organized along with functions and may be hierarchical in nature. Common units in human resource departments include recruiting, training and development, compensation and benefits administration, health and safety, and employee and labor relations.  Job Summary, Purpose/Value A job summary is a brief, general statement regarding the important functions and responsibilities that comes with a job. Job summaries hold a huge role in enticing a qualified candidate to apply for the position and an employee’s performance of his or her responsibilities.  Challenges With a job, comes its challenges. So you should explain the kind of challenges that your newly appointed employee is going to face and mentally prepare. If your plan contains details like these then it becomes easy for you to post job requirements on job portals as well so, having a written plan on the hiring process is very important. Internal Job Rotation When we talk about hiring, we always think about finding a new person and use his services but, internal job rotation is something that no one thinks of and in certain conditions the best choice. If someone from your Department “A” has skills and talent to handle Department “B” then why not promote him/her to department “B”. There are many reasons why internal job rotation is better than hiring a new person, but to name a few- employee retention encourages development, eliminates boredom, and much more. Culture Fit If you want to hire the right employee, you need to make sure that they’ll fit in the company culture, your team, as well as the job. The best way to do that is by setting up a good interview panel. The interview panel is the one who asks questions and reviews the profile of the person to be hired. So asking a few cultural questions, liking, interest, hobbies, etc. helps the interview panel in deciding whether they’ll be a good match for our business or not. Go Beyond the Resumes Resumes are the best-foot-forward of a person. You need to go beyond that. A resume contains a person’s experiences, education, the last job is done, and much more but a person is much more than a piece of paper so, analyzing a person on the bases of personality, attitude, and style of speaking should also be analyzed thoroughly. Background reference Background reference is a very critical part of the hiring process. It is done to ensure that whoever you are hiring has a clean record. You can use the information provided by the employee like aadhaar card, social security number, etc. we can identify whether the person seeking a job is criminal or not. You can get police verification done along with enquiring with the previous employer. Competency Mapping Competency mapping is a process of identifying the competencies of an employee based on education and skills. When a person does a job basically he is using his skills and experiences in the job to get a favorable outcome. As a business manager or CEO, your job is to help your employee in bringing the best out of them and that can be easily done by working on their skills, education, and experience. Many business hire special corporate training specialists to train their employees and motivate them to achieve a better result in the job they do. When you are hiring a person it becomes hard for you to identify the competency of a person, at such situations you need to look at their previous work, question them on technical grounds, and watch their skill in action by conducting a test. Choose a Good Employment Agency Many small businesses often hire an employment agency to make their recruitment easy but they often miss out on key information on identifying a good employment agency. Basically, there are three types of recruitment agencies which are as follows- General Recruitment AgencyStaff Recruitment AgencyExecutive Recruitment AgencyAll in one agency Genera Recruiting Agency helps you find industry-based staff meaning this agency focuses on a niche industry like healthcare, engineering, etc. A staff recruitment agency is focused on temporary staffing solutions, this type of recruiting is done for seasonal businesses or project-based hiring. Executive Recruitment Agency is the agency that helps businesses in recruiting in executive positions like CEO, CFO, and Managers, etc. You can categorize the top-level position to C-level positions in this type of recruiting. As the name suggests, All in one recruitment agency is the agency that provides all these services like Yunic Solutions, We provide multiple recruitment services in every industry. After selecting the type of agency, you can decide your budget and go about researching the best recruitment agencies. Hiring the right employee in a nutshell Hiring the right employee is all about the experience. For some people, the first employee could be the right employee and for some people no employee is the right employee.But in general, Hiring is a core HR process that is essential for business and requires dedicated time and effort.

Docker 19.03 does this automatically # by setting the DOCKER_HOST in # https://github.com/docker-library/docker/blob/d45051476babc297257df490d22cbd806f1b11e4/19.03/docker-entrypoint.sh#L23-L29

Use tools in preference to unskilled help to lighten a programming task, even if you have to detour to build the tools and expect to throw some of them out after you've finished using them.

By putting our data in the corporate cloud, we are that kid. We are giving corporations and governments a way to see where we are looking towards, and they can predict our future and decide whether and how to intervene or subvert.

From a game theoretic standpoint, we’ve already lost. Too many of our civil society adversaries have too much of our data, and we have so little of theirs.

The words that you have not spoken; you are their owner. The words you have spoken, they own you.

manically inventive figure—really brilliant in many ways—with no particular training in design, but an intense interest in how people work.

"At the company's headquarters they created the bureaucracy to process information and make decisions about things that were taking place thousands of miles away."

A United States government application

The Map is Not the Terrain

Hewson also identifies three properties of human beings that give rise to agency: intentionality, power, and rationality.

They also have differing amounts of abilities and resources resulting in some having greater agency (power) than others.

Moreover, common search practices miss information in the deep web—the parts of the web not indexed by standard commercial search engines

At Google, we believe that if we focus on the user, all else will follow.

The Rabbit Hole

idea hangers

What I think we're lacking is proper tooling, or at least the knowledge of it. I don't know what most people use to write Git commits, but concepts like interactive staging, rebasing, squashing, and fixup commits are very daunting with Git on the CLI, unless you know really well what you're doing. We should do a better job at learning people how to use tools like Git Tower (to give just one example) to rewrite Git history, and to produce nice Git commits.

If we can encourage people to create clean commits as they go, the example as you showed above should be far less common, because cleaning up such history as an after-math is most of the time almost impossible.

backstage Issues and merge request related to improvements like refactorings, tests, maintenance etc

This task disables two-factor authentication (2FA) for all users that have it enabled. This can be useful if GitLab’s config/secrets.yml file has been lost and users are unable to log in, for example.

The "'strict-dynamic'" source expression aims to make Content Security Policy simpler to deploy for existing applications who have a high degree of confidence in the scripts they load directly, but low confidence in their ability to provide a reasonable list of resources to load up front.

Eric Schmidt, former Google CEO and Chairman, famously said “Google’s policy on a lot of these things is to get right up to the creepy line, but not cross it.” But for most people, that line was crossed by Google, Facebook, and others long ago.

The GDPR permits data transfers of EU resident data outside of the European Economic Area (EEA) only when in compliance with set conditions.

they’ve contested its accuracy

Unscrupulous providers are incentivized to use inefficient or malicious means to increase break/fix work and thus increase their revenue.

This change was made because GitLab License Management is now renamed to GitLab License Compliance. After review with users and analysts, we determined that this new name better indicates what the feature is for, aligns with existing market terminology, and reduces confusion with GitLab subscription licensing features.

Welcome, continue to LINER

It’s important to note that where the GDPR applies, intended use factors into whether or not consent is required as even statistical data can fall under “profiling” or “monitoring” depending on how the data is being used.

The Microsoft Calculator program uses the former in its standard view and the latter in its scientific and programmer views.

In natural languages, some apparent tautologies may have non-tautological meanings in practice. In English, "it is what it is" is used to mean 'there is no way of changing it'.[1] In Tamil, vantaalum varuvaan literally means 'if he comes, he will come', but really means 'he just may come'.[2]

In the context of first-order logic, a distinction is maintained between logical validities, sentences that are true in every model, and tautologies, which are a proper subset of the first-order logical validities. In the context of propositional logic, these two terms coincide.

It even proclaims that "the processing of personal data should be designed to serve mankind."

Explicit Form (where the purpose of the sign-up mechanism is unequivocal). So for example, in a scenario where your site has a pop-up window that invites users to sign up to your newsletter using a clear phrase such as: “Subscribe to our newsletter for access to discount vouchers and product updates!“, the affirmative action that the user performs by typing in their email address would be considered valid consent.

It’s always best practice to either simply follow the most robust legislations or to check the local anti-spam requirements specific to where your recipients are based.

the data subject has explicitly consented to the proposed transfer, after having been informed of the possible risks of such transfers for the data subject due to the absence of an adequacy decision and appropriate safeguards;

In the absence of an adequacy decision pursuant to Article 45(3), or of appropriate safeguards pursuant to Article 46, including binding corporate rules, a transfer or a set of transfers of personal data to a third country or an international organisation shall take place only on one of the following conditions:

EU law prohibits the personal data of EU citizens from being transferred outside the EU to countries which do not ensure an adequate level of protection for that data.

This framework serves the purpose of protecting Europeans’ personal data after the transfer to the US and correlates with GDPR requirements for Cross Boarder Data Transfers.

While this is illegal and can result in criminal and civil penalties, your cooperation may make you eligible for up to a US$50,000 reward.

Meet specific requirements if transferring data outside of the EAA. The GDPR permits data transfers of EU resident data outside of the European Economic Area (EEA) only when in compliance with set conditions.

the GDPR restricts transfers of personal data outside the EEA, or the protection of the GDPR, unless the rights of the individuals in respect of their personal data is protected in another way

The qualifier of ‘certain circumstances’ is important to highlight here, because it’s often the context in which information exists that determines whether it can identify someone.

it buys, receives, sells, or shares the personal information of 50,000 or more consumers annually for the business’ commercial purposes. Since IP addresses fall under what is considered personal data — and “commercial purposes” simply means to advance commercial or economic interests — it is likely that any website with at least 50k unique visits per year from California falls within this scope.

The only reason why your workaround isn't blocked as well is because it has additional steps that don't explicitly breach Mozilla's policies. But it certainly defeats the spirit of it.

What's terrible and dangerous is a faceless organization deciding to arbitrarily and silently control what I can and can not do with my browser on my computer. Orwell is screaming in his grave right now. This is no different than Mozilla deciding I don't get to visit Tulsi Gabbard's webpage because they don't like her politics, or I don't get to order car parts off amazon because they don't like hyundai, or I don't get to download mods for minecraft, or talk to certain people on facebook.

They don't have to host the extension on their website, but it's absolutely and utterly unacceptable for them to interfere with me choosing to come to github and install it.

I appreciate the vigilance, but it would be even better to actually publish a technical reasoning for why do you folks believe Firefox is above the device owner, and the root user, and why there should be no possibility through any means and configuration protections to enable users to run their own code in the release version of Firefox.

I appreciate the vigilance, but it would be even better to actually publish a technical reasoning for why do you folks believe Firefox is above the device owner, and the root user, and why there should be no possibility through any means and configuration protections to enable users to run their own code in the release version of Firefox.

If the add-on is a fork of another add-on, the name must clearly distinguish it from the original and provide a significant difference in functionality and/or code.

The notices were meant as a jumping-off point where people could begin the journey of understanding how each of their applications and the websites they visit use their data. But, they have probably had the opposite effect

If you're wearing the same shoes as I have so many times before where you're trying to make yourself heard and do what you ultimately believe is in the organisation's best interests

many organisations block torrents (for obvious reasons) and I know, for example, that either of these options would have posed insurmountable hurdles at my previous employment

Actually, I probably would have ended up just paying for it myself due to the procurement challenges of even a single-digit dollar amount, but let's not get me started on that

Many of them have made poor password choices stretching all the way back to registration, an event that potentially occurred many years ago.

One thing is certain when it comes to navigation trends, users and designers seem to be fed up with completely hidden styles and demand options that work in similar formats on desktops and mobile devices. This might be one of the reasons a vertical pattern is trending.

It’s true that there are two hard problems in computer science and one of them is naming things. Why? Because good names are important. A good name teaches about purpose and responsibility, so you have to spend some time thinking about it.

Why not have blogs take better advantage of the ways we already interact?

You don't "sanitize your output" you encode it for proper context within the application it is being presented. You encode the output for HTML, HTML Attribute, URL, JavaScript

I would call this output encoding instead of sanitization