1,012 Matching Annotations
  1. Oct 2020
    1. In the latter instance, satisfactory teaching—thatis, neither extraordinarily good nor bad—may be sufficient in the promotiondecision, since research and publication are often deemed more important.In institutions where teaching is more important, a poor research publicationrecord may be ignored, while a moderate or good publication record mayoffset some deficiencies in teaching ability.

      What value is placed on student evaluations in UMS? Is it different on each campus/department?

    2. Candidates for tenure and promotion must collect evidence of their suc-cess in teaching. At most colleges and universities, at the end of each semesterin every course, evaluation data are collected from students.

      Is this the only evidence of teaching effectiveness that is used in tenure decisions?

    3. The higher education institutions also suffer. Part-time faculty typicallyhave no voting rights in the organizational decision-making structure. Theymay seldom attend faculty meetings and participate infrequently in decisionsabout important faculty or institutional matters. Partly as a result, they maynot be fully committed to promoting the interests of the institution. Theirinvolvement in the life of the institution—for example, advising students orparticipating in institutional events and ceremonies—is limited.

      This is really important. It will be difficult for an institution to ensure that part-time faculty understand how adults learn and how to teach in distance education using evidence based strategies. What are the proportions of tenure, tenure-eligible, and part-time faculty at the 7 campuses?

    4. We should also note that faculty participation in governance is especiallycomplex on unionized campuses, due to collective bargaining agreementsand formal grievance procedures

      What does the AFUM contract say about distance education and the SOTL?

    5. a faculty council or senate (variously named at differentcolleges and universities) is the representative body for the discussion of mat-ters of cross-departmental or cross-school concern to faculty in the institu-tion.

      How have the faculty senates at the campuses addressed distance education and teaching?

    6. faculty engage in decision making about mattersof direct concern to their primary common activities—curriculum andteaching

      How is decision making about teaching methods, instructional design, and faculty development conducted at the 7 universities?

    7. Hence, thereare often faculty in the different schools who teach similar courses and belongto the same discipline but seldom interact due to the highly differentiatedstructure of the typical academic organization.

      How does this structure impact peer learning among faculty?

    8. Statewide governing boards seek to ensure responsible use of public re-sources.

      Does Maine have a state governing board? Are they involved in any decision making or policy making regarding distance education or faculty development?

    9. Increasingly of late, many in-stitutions are offering long-term, renewable contracts instead of tenure, andare relying more extensively on adjunct faculty appointments. In fact, morethan half of all new faculty members are hired into positions that are noteligible for tenure (Schuster,2003).

      Does this affect instructional design?

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    1. By the time Protestantism came along, people had already internalized an individualist worldview. Henrich calls Protestantism “the WEIRDest religion,” and says it gave a “booster shot” to the process set in motion by the Catholic Church. Integral to the Reformation was the idea that faith entailed personal struggle rather than adherence to dogma. Vernacular translations of the Bible allowed people to interpret scripture more idiosyncratically. The mandate to read the Bible democratized literacy and education. After that came the inquiry into God-given natural (individual) rights and constitutional democracies. The effort to uncover the laws of political organization spurred interest in the laws of nature—in other words, science. The scientific method codified epistemic norms that broke the world down into categories and valorized abstract principles. All of these psychosocial changes fueled unprecedented innovation, the Industrial Revolution, and economic growth.

      Reading this makes me think about the political break in the United States along political and religious boundaries. Some of Trumps' core base practices a more personal religion and are generally in areas that don't display the level of individualism, but focus more on larger paternalistic families. This could be an interesting space for further exploration as it seems to be moving the "progress"(?) described by WEIRD countries backward.

    1. He says that he sees the combination of long form pieces and Q&A as a new level of support. “We used to have level one, which was sending a ticket to the help desk, and it was something we could easily resolve for you. Level two was a more complex problem that maybe required an engineer or specialist from a certain team to figure out. I look at this new system as a level zero.” Before sending us a ticket, folks can search Teams. If they find a question that solves the problem, great. If they need more details, they can follow links to in-depth articles or collections that bring together Q&A and article with the same tags.“
    2. In an effort to rethink how documentation works, we recently introduced Articles, longer-form prose that can sit side by side with shorter Q&A.
  2. Sep 2020
  3. Aug 2020
    1. 7 powerful questions you can ask your friends, family and co-workers in your next conversation

      1.What are you most grateful for, right now, in this movement? - Help the conversation focus on more positive and grateful side of life.

      2.Working on any exciting personal project lately? - People love talking about their side hustles so this can help you get closer

      3.What's working well for you right now? - Helps transition from negative --> positive. Another question can be: How are you taking care of yourself right now?

      4.What shows, podcasts, or books are you making time for right now? - These sources is where alot of people spend their time on so it makes sense to ask about these. Good conversation starters.

      1. What do you do to get rid of stress?

      6.What would be your perfect weekend? - Have plenty to talk about on this

      7.What are you looking forward to in the future? - People have plans and helps get an idea of their motivations.

    1. read or listen to podcast)

      If we choose to listen to the podcast, do we also need to go in and annotate the reading as well?

    2. Keep record of the strengths and revisionson the lesson plan.

      Could this be done on the same document we use to plan our lesson, would you prefer it separate, or is it up to the group?

    1. These high costs present barriers to many students who need assigned class materials and are already struggling to pay tuition. In response to this reality, authors, through the help of a community of educators and not-for-profit publishers, are beginning to freely share their work in order to lower or eliminate the cost of class materials

      This Open Educational Resource, or OER, textbook is created by a community of writing instructors and is made available on the web free-of-charge to teachers and students alike.

      One of the main reasons behind this movement is to help college students combat the soaring costs of college, and especially textbooks.

      All said, not everyone is always on board with using a free open resource from the internet.

      • Why might some professors be skeptical of using them?
      • What difficulties might arise from reading a digital textbook vs. a hardcopy?
  4. Jul 2020
  5. Jun 2020
    1. This argument is reinforced by the fact that, at the individual level, we meet many brilliant people who are fascinated by (and often working on) tools for thought, but who nonetheless seem to be making slow progress.

      Ideas have sex: the trouble in a dramatically increasing landscape of information that we've experienced over the last century alone is that the combinatoric interactions of all the ideas is also much slower, so the progress on this front may seem to slow while the body of knowledge and interactions is continually growing. This might make for an interesting graph.

  6. May 2020
    1. Both Sketch and Figma have done this without needing to make an enormous investment in research.

      can collaborative research be patented?

    1. Whether in music (Bach, Lennon), art (Picasso, Bernini), film (Tarantino, Anderson), games (Blow, Lantz), fiction (Kundera, Tolstoy), the most eminent work is usually the result of a single person’s creative efforts. Occasionally it’s a very small group (Eames, Wrights).

      Great creative work is usually the product of a single person.

    1. a person can withdraw from research at any point of time and it is no binding of participant to reveal the reason of discontinuation
  7. Apr 2020
    1. It is possible the attacker gained access to your account through breaking your security questions. This is possible if you used answers that can be guessed based on your social media profiles or personal information.
    1. Our hope is that once a formal specification for these extensions is settled, this patchset can be used as a base to upstream the changes in the original project.

      What does "can be used as a base to upstream the changes in the original project" mean here?

    1. Links to https://github.com/amirrajan/rubymotion-applied, but that is only for documentation so doesn't seem like an exact replacement for (to supersede) this project.

    1. There is a forum for discussing CommonMark; you should use it instead of github issues for questions and possibly open-ended discussions. Use the github issue tracker only for simple, clear, actionable issues.
    1. Networks  of civic engagement increase the potential cost to defectors who risk  benefits from future transactiaction. The same networks foster norms of  reciprocity that are reinforced by the networks of relationships in  which reputation is both balued and discussed. The same social networks  facilitate the flow of reputational information.

      How can we build some of this into social media networks to increase the level of trust and facts?

    1. Secure input fields. 1Password uses secure input fields to prevent other tools from knowing what you type in the 1Password apps. This means that your personal information, including your Master Password, is protected against keyloggers.

      How can this prevent keyloggers from intercepting the passwords? If keylogger is running at low enough level....

  8. Mar 2020
    1. just a shift from companies focused on second-party data to those focused on first-party data

      What does this mean? What is second-party data and first-party data? Is second-party just a more accurate name for what others call third-party? Who are the three parties?

    2. Such a corporate structure helps contain the otherwise massive potential fines which are derived from the company's worldwide revenue.  However, the worldwide part would in practice be limited to the EU as that is the only market such a subsidiary would operate in.

      How does this structure helps contain the fines which are derived from the company's worldwide revenue?

      If fines are based on worldwide revenue anyway, then what good does having a EU subsidiary even do in that respect? None, it seems.

      This seems to even confirm that, but it is unclear/confusing how this is worded:

      However, the worldwide part would in practice be limited to the EU as that is the only market such a subsidiary would operate in.

    1. It may not sound that impressive today, now that file sharing is built into most modern operating systems, but it was cutting edge stuff 25 years ago.

      file sharing is built into most modern operating systems

      Which file sharing are you referring to specifically? scp? Probably not. FTP support built into file explorer? Probably not.

      The only things I'm thinking of are for manual copying, not for automatic "availability" in multiple places like NFS seems to be for.

    1. select an origin

      It's interesting that under my site's origin it lists cookies for other domains. Are these considered 3rd-party cookies or 1st-party cookies written by a 3rd-party script? How is it allowed to set them on my site? Presumably because I loaded a script from their origin.

      Loading scripts from other origins allows them to set cookies on which domains? Only their origin? And which cookies can they read?

  9. Jan 2020
    1. To execute Arel queries, we first need to get the SQL out of Arel and then feed it into find_by_sql.

      Surely there's a more elegant way nowadays???

    1. three questions

      moore questions can help define or plan out how the program functions

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  10. Dec 2019
    1. But that number is already known to be about 55 segments

      If talking a single generation, this would be the number to use. That is, the 55 segment scrambling that your parents got will be passed on to you.

    2. Whether the input number of segments is initialized as higher or lower, the number of segments tends to converge around 97.5

      I was talking with someone about having different ancestry from one's siblings. I was unsure of how frequently chromosomal gene swapping occurs. This answers the important question, which is units of inheritance. That is, instead of calculating inheritance as 23 units, slightly less than 100 appears more accurate. This makes percentage DNA almost precisely the expected value, but the standard deviation should be such that rare cases of one sibling being e.g. Jewish while the other sibling lacking that ancestry may occur.

    1. Types of questions and where to ask: How do I? -- ask on Server Fault (tell them what tags to use -- your product tag at minimum) I got this error, why? -- ask on Server Fault I got this error and I'm sure it's a bug -- report it on your own site I have an idea/request -- report it on your own site Why do you? -- ask in your own community (support forum, etc) When will you? -- ask in your own community
    1. It's confusing whether one should put things in gemspec development_dependencies or in Gemfile or in both.

      Duplication is bad since the lists could get out of sync. And the gemspec's development_dependencies should be a complete list. Therefore, my opinion is that that should be the canonical list and therefore the only list.

      Actually, what good is gemspec's development_dependencies? A contributor should clone the repo, run bundle, and get the dev dependencies that way. Therefore development_dependencies is unneeded and you should only list them in Gemfile.

      It is simpler to just use Gemfile, since it is a more familiar format. You can copy and paste content into it. For example, if you extract a gem out of an app, you may wan to copy/move some gems from app's Gemfile into new gem's Gemfile. It also generates a Gemfile.lock (which you shouldn't add to git).

    1. Archiving and downloading annotations Annotation viewing and export, from Hypothesis Labs Link: https://jonudell.info/h/facet Screencast: https://jonudell.net/h/facet.mp4 Description:  View annotations by user, group, URL, or tag. Export results to HTML, CSV, text, or Markdown.

      Did anyone tried to use this to feed mind/concept-mapping tools like Tinderbox or Cmap?

    1. Is there any way to use this to catch hypothesis annotations into a mind/concept map app? Like Tinderbox or cmaptools?

  11. Nov 2019
    1. "one country, two systems"

      One country, two systems? what does this mean?

    2. Clashes between police and activists have become increasingly violent, with police firing live bullets and protesters attacking officers and throwing petrol bombs.

      How violent could this get?

    1. Many information visualizations are the “reification of misinformation.”

      Is that a good or bad thing? or both.

  12. Oct 2019
  13. Sep 2019
    1. primary school classroom

      Although the author is keeping with the theme of Foucault and using school as an example of this power and control machine, and although they are right and that power is absolutely there its so rash and not progressive thinking tbh....bc though Foucault set out to exhaling power in a non-cloudy ungrounded philosophical way, rooting power in a genealogical history is still deconstruction to a degree rather than material/natural

    2. But while the gamification of the classroom through educational software is clearly less physically violent than corporal punishment,

      I hate this fear mongering, depressive side to the conversation of new technology, its like maybe if we focused on understanding it and learning about it instead og looking at all the bad "effects" we believe it to have we wouldn't be controlled!!! or maybe this is the false narrative in order to trick us into being controlled even more. To Foucults point this power, especially in story, narrative, words and how their used can have a drastic effect on what we decide to do with this new tech and how we can learn from is naturally, organically.

    3. even hope to record and understand how students think and feel.

      Hivemind. would only make use more together, equal and free because what would be controlling us was our true nature, and our understanding of ourselves will have come out of our technological advances.

    4. new digital tools

      New tools, exactly. Stop forcing contingionsouies on them, this is why advancement is so hard because we keep harpooning our old fears and preconceptions of what is nature...when we've already straid so far from it.

    5. This shows both the short and long-term effect that intrusion into our private lives can have on perfectly legal activities.

      omnipresent power, constantly controlling our lives even if they Aren't there...but how its so deeply ingrained like Foucalts analyst on the Panopticon

    1. Another way to promote surveillance integrity would be to do something analogous to the way media businesses use crowdsourcing to rate everything from doctors to taxi drivers. Along these lines we propose creating a third-party validation of surveillance recordings.

      I ike that he is offering actions and solutions ti better this issue and solve some problems attracted

    2. After the shooting, the police seized the four recordings of the event and reported that all were blank, even though transit officials had already viewed the shooting.

      Well, surveillance will always be corrupted in a state that has institutionalized police and that mechanism of power, to reinforce the ideologies of the bousougie who design the socialization, views and perceived liberty/freedom.

    3. Hollow-point bullets are used by law enforcement but illegal in war.

      Wtf!?!?!?!?!?!/e2

    4. body worn cameras.

      my day has security cameras around his house and connected directly to his phone and computer and he also wears a body cam

    5. r, individual police

      Wonder why this link does not work. Why did ABC take down their pages on "individual police"?

  14. Aug 2019
    1. outstanding possibilities for studying phenomena such as competition, niche partitioning and predation in the microbial world, under more environmentally realistic conditions than can be achieved in pure culture studies.
    1. some of the key questions of microbial community assembly, maintenance and function could be answered by intensively studying one (or a few) synthetic model community
    1. as a student listening to a lecture

      Yes, and even yesterday at a PD for the newest version of Blackboard. As the Buddhists say, "Monkeymind." Interesting that they start by asking a question. Of course, if you have a social bookmarking tool like this one, you can answer the question. My question back atcha: Is asking F2F different from asking online? Do same caveats suggested in the rest of this article apply to here?

  15. Jun 2019
    1. Currently, when we say fractal computation, we are simulating fractals using binary operations. What if "binary" emerges on fractals? Can we find a new computation realm that can simulate binary? Can "fractal computing" be a lower level approach to our current binary understanding of computation?

  16. Apr 2019
    1. Give your meeting a title and select the meeting options you want enabled

      I get this page when I click on Zoom from MyCI.

    2. efer to the Zoom in Canvas documentation (PDF, 1.

      Can this redirect to a new tab? You loose the Zoom support page when you open this PDF.

    3. Launch the application on your computer

      Maybe use the word 'downloaded to your computer'? When I read application, I wonder if this is in MyCI.

    4. application.

      Is this the application in MyCI? Not sure what is meant by 'application'?

    5. the Zoom web portal or directly from the

      So I clicked on the link here, and when I got to the portal, my initial instinct was to think ... now what? The next step says to 'login to zoom via myci portal, but this is from the Zoom Web portal? When I went straight from Zoom in MyCI, I was taken straight to the portal. The way it's written now (to me) makes me think first go to the portal and then try and sing in.

  17. Mar 2019
    1. A locally unique and never reassigned identifier within the Issuer for the End-User, which is intended to be consumed by the Client

      I wonder why this ID must be "unique and never reassigned...within the Issuer". This effectively makes it a trackable ID if clients work together.

      What would break if this ID is unique within the (Issuer, client) combination.

    1. and yet this mere aspect of all-pervading whiteness makes him more strangely hideous than the ugliest abortion. Why should this be so?

      why is whiteness ugly..?

  18. Feb 2019
    1. And so it makes most sense to regard epoch 280 as the point beyond which overfitting is dominating learning in our neural network.

      I do not get this. Epoch 15 indicates that we are already over-fitting to the training data set, on? Assuming both training and test set come from the same population that we are trying to learn from.

    2. If we see that the accuracy on the test data is no longer improving, then we should stop training

      This contradicts the earlier statement about epoch 280 being the point where there is over-training.

    3. It might be that accuracy on the test data and the training data both stop improving at the same time

      Can this happen? Can the accuracy on the training data set ever increase with the training epoch?

    1. Starbucks to Stop Using Disposable Plastic Straws by 2020

      We as a group are curious is stop using plastic straws a good way to stop the pollution?

  19. Jan 2019
    1. The work the letter carries out on the recipient, but is also brought to bear on the writer by the very letter he sends, thus involves an “introspection”; but the latter is to be understood not so much as a decipherment of the self by the self as an opening one gives the other onto oneself.

      Can someone clarify this statement for me? I have no idea where Foucault is going with this. From what I understand the letter does work on two people the recipient and self. The work on self is done through introspection, but not to discovery the mean of self, but rather provides an opening to understand self.

    1. epicyclic achievement,

      If epicyclic in this case means that there is a culturally plateau, how can an achievement be epicyclic? That sounds like a bad thing.

    2. And this was itself grounded in biological potentials of human beings

      If rhetoric is grounded in biological potentials why would it need to recruit from the spiritual, won't it just occur naturally? I dont know maybe I am misunderstanding his point.

    3. dying out

      As cultures being to "die out" does the rhetoric that the culture has provided also die out or is it adopted by other cultures that have stemmed from the original culture?

    1. her"/Jism, defined as"botulism.

      Botulism comes from the the German Botulismus which pretty much means sausage which is a the source of the botulin toxin which was discovered around 1897. Botulism is potentially fatal now, but in the past was extremely fatal. Maybe I am looking into this too much, but was Woolf trying to make heroism seem like something that was poisonous due to it being imperfect or did she just redefine it because it sounded different?

    1. Question

      My initial response to this title was to assume Muckelbauer's question was the same as Lanham's (the 'Q' question). Instead, he's tackling the "what is rhetoric?" question.

  20. Dec 2018
  21. Oct 2018
    1. each person will try to reshape the given work so that it is understood or seen in a new way

      is this act an annotation? an interpretation? or i guess a deformance that also illuminates an aspect of the text?

  22. Aug 2018
    1. open education advocate

      Ask in interview with future school/ district if they are apart of or would be interested in becoming part of "open education"...BE AN ADVOCATE!!

  23. Jul 2018
    1. Teach Source EvaluationSkillsIf you want to teach source evaluation skills, have small groups conduct research to answer a three-part problem such as this:1.How high is Mt. Fuji in feet?2.Find a different answer to this same question.3.Which answer do you trust and why do you trust it?

      Teach source evaluation skills- I like this idea!

  24. May 2018
    1. Germany

      How does this correlate to World War II?

    2. Russia, Germany, France, Italy, Austria, Hungary, and Britain.

      Why are they all Europe, including Russia?

  25. Apr 2018
    1. The origination of governments from a contract is a pure fiction, or in other words, a falsehood. It never has been known to be true in any instance; the allegation of it does mischief, by involving the subject in error and confusion, and is neither necessary nor useful to any good purpose.

      As with the other documents and writers, it is interesting to consider whether or not history has validated or contradicted the assertions of the author. Useful to remind students of the notion of "common law"

  26. classes.alaska.edu classes.alaska.edu
    1. Furthermore, ifchildren are indeed knowledgeable actors and can actively be involved in detailed research pro-cesses, why should not they inform us about ethics and research relations? Cannot children informresearchers regarding the definition and application of issues such as consent or confidentially?

      Questions

  27. Mar 2018
  28. Feb 2018
    1. songs

      All that I have given up to this let them serve as examples of the way in which the Connaught peasant puts his love-thoughts into song and verse, whether it be hope or despair, grief or joy, that affect him. (147)

      In these final lines of the book, the reader is offered Hyde’s selection of songs as a faithful and complete insight into vernacular Connacht song about the theme of love. Moreover, Hyde suggests that in reading this anthology one achieves a good degree of familiarity with an idealized, essentially native ‘Connaught peasant’.

      Although speakers in the songs are variously male and female, and the reasons for separation from absent lovers differ, the experience of love is fairly uniform throughout. It is a sore experience of unrealized desire. That scenario produces a pronouncedly virtuous image of the ‘Connaught peasant’ for a number of reasons.

      The reader encounters deep loyalty where admiration is unstinted by forbiddance of love because of emigration, lack of requital, or death. ‘Úna Bhán,’ for example, is preceded by a long passage explaining how deeply a bereaved lover missed the fair Úna after, until he himself passed away. Also, Hyde’s anthology is particularly rich in its examples of similes drawn from the natural world. See ‘my love is of the colour of the blackberries’ (5) in ‘If I Were to Go West’, ‘I would not think the voice of a thrush more sweet’ (27) in ‘Long I Am Going,’ and ‘My love is like the blossom of the sloe on the brown blackthorn’ (31) in ‘An Droighneán Donn’. In the vivid rendering of these images, the beauty of the desired lover is stressed, and the delicate sensibility of the speaker is inherently implied. The Connaught peasant is thoroughly valorized as a result.

      Accounting for consistencies among what anthologies include, and among what they exclude, can highlight their organizing agenda. One obvious example in the area of Irish Studies is the Field Day Anthology controversy, detailed in depth by Caitríona Crowe in The Dublin Review: https://thedublinreview.com/article/testimony-to-a-flowering/

      In the case of Hyde’s Love Songs, consistencies among excluded material strengthen our perception of how actively he sought to contrive an estimable image of the Connaught peasant. Though Hyde claims his selection is emblematic of the love-thought of that idealized personage, he does not provide any examples of la chanson de la malmariée. This variety of song is so widespread that Seán Ó Tuama, who was the principal authority on the theme of love in Irish folksong, included it as one of five major genres in his article ‘Love in Irish Folksong’ (in the book Repossessions: Selected Essays on the Irish Literary Heritage. Such songs are an expression of grief by a young woman unhappily married to an elderly man.

      If we are to view the songs anthologized by Hyde in a broader context of Connacht songs about love, an awareness of the chanson de la malmariéé is required. Faoi Rothaí na Gréine (1999) is a relatively recently published collection of Connacht songs. The collecting work was done in Galway between 1927 and 1932 by Máirtín Ó Cadhain, and latterly edited by Professor Ríonach Uí Ógáin. ‘An Droigheán Donn’, ‘Úna Bhán’, and ‘Mal Dubh an Ghleanna’ are common to Faoi Rothaí na Gréine and Love Songs of Connacht. The inclusion in the former of two famous songs of the malmariée genre, ‘Dar Mo Mhóide Ní Phósfainn Thú’ (I Swear I Wouldn’t Marry You), and ‘Amhrán an Tae’ (The Tea Song) demonstrate the strong presence of that genre in the ‘love-thought’ of vernacular Connacht song.

      This way of framing discussion of Love Songs of Connacht invites close interrogation of Hyde’s biases. The choice of material for inclusion and exclusion is ideologically cohesive, to the specific end of creating a valorous image of the idealized native peasant. In my M.A. thesis, I might further refine the line of argument pursued in this annotation, and use it as the basis on which to build a discussion of Hyde’s particular ideological motivations.

    2. or

      "I have, in the following little volume, collected a few of these, the Love-Songs of a single province merely, which I either took down in each county of Connacht from the lips of the Irish-speaking peasantry - a class which is disappearing with most alarming rapidity - or extracted from MSS, in my own possession, or from some lent to me, made by different scribes during this century, or which I came upon while examining the piles of modern manuscript Gaelic literature that have found their last resting-place on the shelves of the Royal Irish Academy." (iv)

      The way Hyde makes reference to sources is casual and non-specific. It would be difficult for a reader to access his sources. Because we have such little insight, it is important to be alert to potential biases in the collecting and editing process.

      If we can identify consistencies among the anthologized songs in terms of their depiction of love and lovers, and/or among songs which are excluded from the anthology, we will have reason to regard the very partial disclosure of sources with suspicion.

      As I have already noted, part of Hyde’s project is to bring the reader into contact with language which has an ‘unbounded’ power to excite the Irish Muse. Perhaps part of the way he contrives this encounter is to control the kind of subject matter that will appear to the reader as that which occurs most naturally in the Irish language.

    3. Connacht

      'I have compiled this selection out of many hundreds of songs of the same kind which I have either heard or read, for, indeed, the productiveness of the Irish Muse, as long as we spoke Irish, was unbounded.' (vi) This point in Hyde’s preface to Love Songs of Connacht is relevant to two questions that my M.A. thesis preparation is concerned with.

      ● What are the ways that works of the Irish Revival period express the idea that a natural cultural inheritance might be recuperated through art?

      ● What are the reasons for such works to treat of rural folkways as a repository of essentially native identity?

      Hyde illustrates that an awareness of the significance of the Irish language within a revivalist milieu will be required for informed discussion of the questions stated above.

      Proper-noun naming of an ‘Irish Muse’ suggest that there is such a thing as some essential indigenous genius, which lies in wait of stimulation. An idea of the Irish language emerges whereby it is connected intimately with a native genius, and holds inherent power to spark creativity.

      Of course, this line of argument proffers Hyde’s translations – through their close linkage with the Irish language – as stimuli for new artistic production. It works well as a way of turning Hyde’s skill as a linguist into a selling point for his book.

      In so doing, it highlights that a perceived inter-connection between language and an essentially native worldview was a major part of the book’s appeal. The representation of that connection in this and other works becomes important to my first research question as a result. An implication for my second research question is that I should consider the Irish language as a key part of the symbolic importance which attached to rural populations.

    1. Search alphabetically by song title

      This website provides important context for the exploration of a research question I am addressing in my M.A. thesis preparation.

      The portrayal of female personages in revivalist literature sets them in signally passive roles. This is most clearly at issue in the work of that period’s two foremost dramatists. In W.B. Yeats’ Cathleen Ni Houlihane, the female protagonist does not pursue her own course of action, but rather serves to inspire male heroism (P.J. Mathews discusses the play’s portrayal of female passivity at length in a piece, see http://www.rte.ie/centuryireland/index.php/articles/literature-and-1916). In The Only Jealously of Emer and The Countess Cathleen the value of women to society is achieved through acts of self-sacrifice for the benefit of significant male others (Christina Wilson has argued similar points in great detail: http://chrestomathy.cofc.edu/documents/vol5/wilson.pdf).

      In John Millington Synge’s Riders to the Sea, we encounter a blending of the taste for passive female characters with a revival fascination with the rural west. Old Maurya’s reticence and stern faith in God, following the drowning of her five sons, established her as the moral centre of her native Aran community. Her monologue in the play’s ending concentrates our attention on the community’s willingness to surrender to tragic fate, which is always threatened by the danger of the sea (the play is available to read online at this link: http://www.one-act-plays.com/dramas/riders_to_the_sea.html).

      What is interesting to me is that images of a massive female subject, favoured by Abbey playwrights who sought to stress the cultural specificity of Ireland, differ strongly with some prominent portrayals of the female subject in vernacular literature in Irish. In my annotation of this archive, I will provide examples of some genres of folk song – composed by females, and traditionally sung by female singers – that contradict ideas of a female subject as passive sufferer of fate. Annotations will include translations to English.

      After highlighting these features of oral literature in Irish, I will have laid down substantial grounding for a discussion of the ideological motivations of revivalist authors’ depiction of female subjects. It is interesting that certain tropes of a national identity, which these authors consciously sought to create, can be seen as divergent with realities of the social group which was most fundamental to that identity. This observation encourages consideration of European intellectual currents which might have influenced revivalist writers, romantic nationalism in particular.

    1. Indentured servants

      Were indentured servants any different than slaves?

    2. George Percy, the youngest son of an English nobleman, was in the first group of settlers at the Jamestown Colony. He kept a journal describing their experiences; in the excerpt below, he reports on the privations of the colonists’ third winter.

      Does Percy do a good job at explaining hardships? Why / why not?

    3. Were indentured servants any different than slaves?

  29. Dec 2017
    1. Or have we substituted an easier one?”(Daniel Kahneman) [1]

      Going for low hanging fruit rather than what matters

    1. One draw back of computer based learning is that using a computer, or any devices really, can be quite distractive...Even when using this annotation software, I notice myself constantly getting distracted by emails and wanting to go on other websites. How can we design something that helps self regulation and reduce distraction?

      Another thing is that not all users are comfortable or competent in using technology which could cause frustration and distract from learning. How can we reduce this?

    2. group dynamic is notfunctiona

      This is so true. Sometimes not all group members get along with each other, especially if some people are being disrespectful, etc. How can we avoid this to achieve better group dynamic and better learning?

  30. Oct 2017
    1. Especially in societies likeTurkey where the state is dominant in the business life,organizations and managers prefer to be included in reli-gious networks to make close contacts with the state.Another significant finding is that efforts of the members ofreligious networks—in spite of their relatively closedcharacteristics—in terms of being at the center of anetwork and taking the brokerage role, are highly devel-oped on the contrary to the literatur

      Does anyone else find this difficult to understand? I am not sure if these statements are the authors interpretation of their results or if this is their hypothesis. Also, what are the authors saying about the place/role of members of religious networks?

    1. Who are the central participants in the Twitter-based CoPs?RQ3:What healthcare roles are central in the Twitter-based CoPs?RQ4:Is the CoPs centralized and dominated by a few participants?RQ5:What are the characteristics of the interactions between different healthcare roles?

      Again, take note of these research questions. Look back at the literature review to observe how theory and research was used to set up the basis for these questions. When the answer is found, the theory/research will be used to interpret it and discuss the importance of the answer.

    2. What are the salient themes in health-related conversations via Twitter hashtags?

      Take note of this research question. It is a descriptive question but it is based in theory.

    1. ‘What should we drink?’ the girl asked.

      Keep an eye on the questions that the girl asks of the American and vice a versa. The following banter of the two characters features two main elements of speech: questions and statements. These speech patterns allude to who is leading a conversation and who holds some sort of power over the other. The statements will show us who holds the power between the conversing characters, while the questions show us the opposite: the character lacking in power.

      This relationship changes throughout the rest of the story, read on and notice who is asking the questions in the conversation!

  31. Sep 2017
    1. ultural ideology being that poor people have little to offer the rich.

      Excellent point. Has any research been done to compare the actual social networks of rich and poor kids? For example, asking a poor kid to name five people she would go to for advice and asking a rich kid the same question. Has that been done?

    1. Like a detective, a writer doing research will not always know answers, but the detective will begin with a question that leads to more questions and, in time, clues and evidence.

      Asking questions is essential! Good questions are a foundation which enable us to raise further questions to identify what is pertinent and frame out our thoughts as we build our arguments.

    1. other network includes climate change deniers.

      What a great way of using SNA to compare two competing ways of knowing. How would you collect data to show the different flow of information through these networks? What what would you be looking for? What would the node be? The link?

    1. When are classes held?

      No scheduled classes as of Sept. 2017 -- is there a plan to hold additional classes or create online learning content?

    1. The ostensible brokenness of public education, it seems, is notmerely a talking point; it is also an article of faith.

      My lack of knowledge in American public education prevents me from fully understand the author's firm belief in public education.

    2. As Michelle Rhee’s group, StudentsFirst,declares: Americans can “work together to fix this broken system.”

      Who is this guy and what is Students First? What are they trying to do?

    1. Québec)

      QUESTIONS ACTIVITY: Step 1 Discuss with your partner what questions you could raise that help you guide you in your reading of this article? Which parts of the text would you ask questions about? Step 2 Annotate 2 parts in the text and write down 2 of your questions.

  32. Aug 2017
  33. Jul 2017
    1. Engaging in peer-to-peer collaboration through online literature circles—across time, space, and cultures—allows students to deepen engagement with literature and helps to create communities of readers and writers.

      How might we use a social annotation to collaborate with students in other schools? Would anyone here be interested what might be a modern pen pal exchange focused in shared texts?

  34. May 2017
    1. Not enough for detailed planning, but enough to bias random actions away from an informational zero mean.

      Can someone explain this to me? Has to do with variance. Not assume that variance is zero? If variance is zero, then any choice is good as any other since they all result in the same 'answer'.

  35. Apr 2017
    1. This number is expected to grow to a trillion(two to three orders of magnitude!) in a few years.

      Comment 3 - public with tag. "What is this based on: current growth? Exponential growth?

    1. Would you consider Cassy to be a hero? why or why not?

      Do you agree with Uncle Tom's decision to stick by faith?

      Is Uncle Tom better describe as a martyr?

    1. p. 57 Research questions

      1) What were the different types of lists? 2) what form of social relationship developed through the medium 3) were they a community

    Tags

    Annotators

    1. This hypothesis can be tested by comparing the average out-degree (number of dichotomized collaboration ties sent) of district- and school-level leaders.

      I have a background in quantitative statistics. The use of a t-test assumes normality of data. I know that normality does not matter for SNA, but is this particular section referring to a nonparametric test that works like a t-test or is it actually referring to the use of a t-test and just ignoring the assumption of normality?

    2. This section shifts the analytical lens to predict an individual actor's outcome, whether it is an attribute variable (e.g., a student's test score) or a structural variable (e.g., a teacher's betweenness centrality score), using relational data. For example: does a teacher's gender predict his or her influence (as measured by degree centrality)?

      Ok... So now this is making a little more sense for my own data. In my case, I could analyze the countries geographic loaction as an attribute varibale that predicts the probability of certain industries having multiple companies in a given country. Does this make sense?

  36. Mar 2017
    1. equilibrium” status of the network

      But didn't this just get done talking about how networks in the real world tend to change and shift? What would the value of this approach be, then, especially in regards to education research where, by its very nature, networks change often?

  37. Feb 2017
    1. A composition should be "a body, not a mere collection of members,"9 but it should be a living body.

      This reminds me of Lessing's The Golden Notebook. The issue of writing and ownership is something that is playing out as the protagonist (a writer) discusses her published work as something which doesn't even feel like it belongs to her; she thinks of it more as the property of her readers, and is ashamed of her work and confused as to why critics like it. Hill seems to almost think of composition as a separate body with a life of its own, and the author is something of a parent who brings the composition into being. Where does this position the audience, and what makes a written work a "living body"? Of rhetoric doesn't make a work "alive," what does?

    1. at least five keywords

      I like questions like “Why do I like chicken nuggets?”

      When a girl in the back of the room blurts out this question, half a joke, half a test (Do they really want us to write down any question that we think of?), she seems a bit surprised to have her query treated seriously.

      Thanks for that question Neisha. Let's use it as an example of how to think of keywords for each of your questions. What would be a good one for that question?

      Chicken nuggets.

      Not really. That’s too specific. What's a more general word.

      “Food,” somebody yells.

      Right, write that down Neisha. What kind of food are we talking about?

      Junk food. Fast food. Fried food.

      Right. Right. Where do you get chicken nuggets?

      Down on Nostrand Avenue where all the fast food places are.

      And who…

      Neisha catches the drift, interrupts: It’s in my neighborhood and not in White people's neighborhoods. They get healthy food, which is hard to find where I live.

      So could we add “health” to your keywords?

      Yeah.

      And what else is in your description? What about “inequality?“

      And “racism.”

      What else?

      They’re good, Mister.

      So, what about “delicious? “

      Do we have to write five keywords for every question?

      Yup.

      Ahhhh.

      But what a gift this question was! Do you see how a question can start with something personal, something real for you, even if you aren't sure how important it is? Keep putting the personal pronoun, I, in your questions, then ask your friends and your teachers to help you find the social justice behind them. That's what to look for in your keywords.

    1. the expense these programs require

      When I reflect on the expense of graduate studies, I wonder about what other related issues need to be addressed at the same time. How can we design lessons, courses, programs, and departments that work well for full-time and part-time students? Students who begin graduate school immediately after undergrad and students who have been out of school for years?

    2. only listening to our workers isn’t sufficient

      How do you listen? Do you collect survey data from visitors? Is that data aggregated and shared with the public? How do you respond to survey results or other information you take in from outside your museum (or department or community group)?

  38. Jan 2017
    1. Whose stories are taught and told? Whose suffering is recognized? Whose dead are mourned?

      HIStory. What is being erased?

    1. collaboratively owned and maintained spaces

      How can scholars and educators create classroom spaces that work as "commons"? How can you seek this goal both online and in-person?

    2. Community-driven technologies are built at the speed of inclusion — the pace necessary not just to create a tool but to do so with in-depth communal input and stewardship — and directly respond to the needs, ideas, and wants of those they’re intended to benefit.

      The structure and rhythm of the academic calendar can make it more difficult for students and scholars to work closely with community-partners.

      How do you make time for students and scholars to create something for a community, listen to community input, and incorporate ideas from community members into their work? Can this take place in a single semester?

    1. empowered to present on projects

      Could this be encouraged by providing students with sample presentation materials? Or creating a project style guide that students could optionally use to ensure the project is presented through a consistent voice or visual design?

    1. [1],[[i*.0001,1-(i*.0001)]]

      This is the original code, but not working properly.

      please see the code and annotation above, where I made some changes and is plotting. However, I feel something not right about the plotting.

  39. Nov 2016
  40. Oct 2016
    1. - "People are very bad at predicting what will bring them happiness." -

      What's the source?

  41. Aug 2016
    1. lawmakers cut fundingfor drug and mental-health treatmentprograms — both inside and outsideof prisons — despite the fact that ad-dicts and the mentally ill make up adisproportionate percentage of the na-tion’s inmates

      Note areas where you are intrigued. Why were they cut? What were the arguments made? How has funding changed over time?

    1. Thus, projects that aim to diversify their pool ofcontributors should consider using CI.

      Interesting to consider this impact when it comes to large organizations and team, especially in professional settings.

    2. Similarly with how GitHub has become the main gate-way for researchers who study software

      Interesting to note the way in which this may inadvertently exclude the professional developer private repo community.

      Hypothesis- The professional dev community has a higher adoption rate then open source projects.

  42. Jun 2016
    1. Every graphic element of Pharo that you click on...  - With Cmd+Shift+Option,  - you'll get a little menu around the graphic element.

      I don't get this halo directly, by presing Ctrl + Shift, which can be a little confusing. What I get is a contextual menu that let's me to select the halo after that. See:

      After that I need to go to the add halo menu. It's kind of indirect, compared with the previous behavior.

      Am I doing something wrong?

  43. May 2016
    1. We philosophers are mistake specialists. … While other disciplines specialize in getting the right answers to their defining questions, we philosophers specialize in all the ways there are of getting things so mixed up, so deeply wrong, that nobody is even sure what the right questions are, let alone the answers. Asking the wrong questions risks setting any inquiry off on the wrong foot. Whenever that happens, this is a job for philosophers! Philosophy — in every field of inquiry — is what you have to do until you figure out what questions you should have been asking in the first place.
  44. Feb 2016
    1. 06/20/12

      This article is over three years old. How has Flipped Learning changed since the publication of this article?

    1. The really significant thing about AlphaGo is that it (and its creators) cannot explain its moves.

      How does this differ from previous attempts at "Deep Learning?"

    1. deep linking,

      Does this include analytical tools to understand the patterns?

    2. new open layer

      Does this include video and graphics?

    1. nd C
      1. Through persuasion and the belief that Cortez was the God Quetzalcoatl the Spaniards entered in peacefully and captured Montezuma.
      2. The Sistema de Castas organized individuals into racial groups based on their supposed "purity of blood".
      3. This racial hierarchy was created as a prerequisites for social and political advancement. Iberian-born Spaniards occupied the highest levels of administration. Their descendants, New World born Spaniards occupied the next rung. Those mixed with Spanish and Indian heritage followed.
      1. How does internal tension in the Native American empires of the Americas aid Spanish attempts to create their empire?
      2. The Spanish wanted to take over the natives land because of the wealth and happiness it could bring to them. Central and South America was rumored to have fortunes around the land.

      3. In the biological exchange between Europeans and Native Americans, what diseases, plants, and animals were exchanged? The diseases that Europeans brought over to the Americas were measles, smallpox and influenza. Domesticated animals, squash, beans, corn and tobacco were among the many things traded between the Native Americans and the Europeans.

      4. What are the ways that European powers claim their right to claim land in the Americas?

      5. The pope authorized the Europeans to claim the land, claimed they discovered the land, and claiming they improved the land from the people they took it over from.
      1. Why do you think that King Affonso let the Portuguese enslave his subjects at first?
      2. I believe that King Alfonso thought it was a good idea to enslave his subjects at first because it could help boost his wealth and the country's wealth without paying the people who actually did the work. He did not want lower-class people in his country because he wanted all the things he wanted in order to live a luxurious life.
      3. In the letter below, why does the king now request regulations?
      4. The King was finally hearing from all of his people that many of the people in Portugal were being taken away for slavery. He set guidelines because he realized many of the people were being enslaved for no reason at all.
      1. What was the "Black Legend" and how did other European powers use it to justify their attempts to compete with Spain for empire in the Americas?
      2. The Spanish were doing terrible things in the America by bring the population from 60,000 to 17,000 in the time they were here in America. Other European countries talked down on them for what they were doing to the New World. Spain called it a "black legend" because they thought they were rumors that other European countries were throwing out. The other European countries thought they could help the Americans out by bringing their own way of living over and help them get away from the Spanish cruelty.

      3. In what ways did the French presence in North America differ from the Spanish?

      4. The French came to the Americas and treated the natives with respect. They did not kill, enslave or try to conquer the natives who had lived there before. Unlike the Spanish, the French formed an alliance with the Indians and shared Christianity with the Natives rather than killing them because they wanted the land.
      5. What role did slavery play in Dutch attempts to establish Empire? -The slaves built everything in Amsterdam for the Dutch. Without the slaves the Dutch would have nothing of their own because they would not have built everything that they have. The empire would have crashed if the trade routes were not kept up to speed. If it was not for the slaves, the Dutch would have been having a totally different outlook of where they were.
    1. How did animals help create the world? • How were the earth, sun, and moon formed? • Who created human beings? 0 How did Coyote influence the world?

      1) The animals were there for humans when they needed help. 2) They were created by the mother and father. 3) Human beings were created by the mother and father.

    2. How were human beings created? • Where did they obtain their knowledge, and how did they provide for themselves?

      1) Human beings were created by birth from mother and father.

      2) The father passed on his offspring and that his how they gained knowledge.

    3. What was the source of life? • What were the differences between Earth-mother and Sky-father? • Where did the moon and stars come from?

      1) The animals were taking care of humans that were in need of help.

      2) The difference was day and night. The mother and father both created the light and darkness in the day. Bringing the moon, sun and earth.

      3) The sky-father created the moon and stars for the night time.

    4. How did human beings arrive in the world? • How were animals helpful? • What did twins do to create the world?

      1) The humans fell from heaven and came into the world with animals. 2) Animals cared for the human when she was ill and gave her a place to stay until she was healed. 3) The twins traveled the world to create environments and climates that humans could live in. This lead to mountains, trees, lakes, forest, rivers, etc.

  45. Jan 2016
    1. What roles do sugar and slavery play in the expansion of European empires?

      Sugar was becoming very popular in Asia and was quickly discovered by the Europeans. The Portuguese had to find new land to grow the sugar cane because it was required to have the right conditions to grow. This is when the Portuguese found the Guanches, an African tribe in order to take care of the sugar cane. This helped the Portuguese become very wealthy.

    2. What were the three major crops developed in the Americas? What impact did they have?

      The three major crops were corn, beans and squash which all had nutritional needs that sustained the cities and civilizations.

      1. Native Americans interacted with numerous people from all areas. This lead to the exchange of different resources, religions, labor ways, and ideas. These exchanges often sealed social and political relationships. It allowed the people who gave to earn prestige and placed an obligation to those they gave to. That was how the relationship was sealed. One person did a favor and the other must reciprocate.
      2. All European nations began experiencing massive population growth after the black plague, which increased the economy and the demand for consumer goods. These demands lead to advances like ship building so sea merchants were able to compete with their fellow merchants. Growing economies lead to bigger kingdoms and powerful monarchs. These kingdom's could pull together the resources needed for large voyages. European nations were also interested in trading with the wealthiest countries allowing them to seek out the best trading routes.
      3. There was an increasing need for slaves and it had existed all the way back to the Roman Empire. The Portuguese became major purchasers and sellers of the slave trade allowing them to have influence on the way slave trading was done and the practice of it.
  46. Nov 2015
    1. n her everyday life, Rachel and her family cared for stray and abandonedcats awaiting adoption through a local animal shelter. We often observed her readily pauseher game play to monitor a cat’s health or attend to its needs. In-game however, Rachel’sdecisions about the animals she was caring for as zookeeper were driven by monetary gainrather than the happiness or well-being of the animals.

      This has interesting implications for the argument learning in simulations - because in game, Rachel's values are in direct contrast to her values in world.

      Games inherently have a way to win, and it seems that "beating the game" is more important to Rachel than her real-life values. I wonder if the decisions she makes in-game have any predictive power over how she will choose when faced with similar situations in-life. Will she spend her real money and continue to care for stray cats as an adult, or will she be "driven by monetary gain"?

    2. in the variation of stances that Tylertakes, we see his working out among important consociates in his life a moral stance oncheating. He is both an unabashed user of cheats, sporting a somewhat transgressive personalreputation he values at times, and, at the same time, someone who does not want his playwith friends interpreted as unfair—thus the overt display of his hands during the openingsequence to show his competitors that he is not entering cheat codes

      It's interesting to frame this in morality, because I'm not sure that using a "cheat code" is actually cheating, since it is built into the game by the designers.

      It definitely gets at inequalities - since the cheat code user needs to have access to the websites, manuals, etc, that list the codes - but I'm still wondering if it could actually be classified as cheating (in the same way that doping in sports, or plagiarism is).

    3. our view, her emphasison control meant that she sought out the learning resource that allowed her the greatestcontrol over the learning experience. In this case, the learning resource was her brother

      This straight up, 100% reminds me of lpp and the concept of apprenticeship. Rachel is becoming a part of a community, but using the expertise of her brother to also become an expert in the game. I wonder if she began being exposed to the video game by just observing her brother?

    4. In particular, people wantto understand what young people learn playing games that they use, or adapt, in the rest oftheir lives. This question is the focus of our chapter.

      This question is embedded in some larger context, right? If we think about this, we need to understand that society has a view of video games and them not teaching children anything. Makes me wonder what kinds of questions we would be asking if society did not have this view.

    5. The first segment of this vignette begins with Andrew’s initial enthusiastic bid to show Tylerhow to do the move, punctuated with rhythmic sound effects accompanying an embodieddisplay with the unconnected controller

      Connecting to my comment above, why don't the authors interrogate the connected controllers embodiment in the same way?

    6. n this vignette we see that interaction in-room directly shapes in-game action.

      I wonder why this analysis does not investigate the perceived connections the physical controller creates for participants. it seems that, as the mediation between the two sites, it is very important. Here we see it highlighted as a visual connection between the two.

    1. Public discourse around privacy often centers on hiding or opting out of public environments, whereas scholars and engineers often focus more on controlling the flow of information.

      These do seem like two very distinct ways of thinking about privacy. What is the implication then of a constituent voting for their representative (or other government official) to "protect their right to privacy" if they have such different ideas about what that means?

    1. So essentially, is the mechanic that you have this "fun" online community where you can make avatars, talk to your friends, build houses etc., but to do that you need money. So you sit through science games as a way to earn that money?

    2. One might imagine that with over 30,000 faceparts for avatars, there would be no lack of diversity, but even virtual worlds are notthe color-blind utopia, they have often been portrayed to be in early media reports.Racial issues also come to the forefront in Whyville, as our article ‘‘‘Blacks deservebodies too!’ Diversity and Race in a Virtual World’’ illustrates (Kafai et al., 2010).

      I wonder here about the motivations to choose a particular skin color. Whether players statistically choose the race they are in real life or one that is opposite.

    3. One might imagine that with over 30,000 faceparts for avatars, there would be no lack of diversity, but even virtual worlds are notthe color-blind utopia, they have often been portrayed to be in early media reports.Racial issues also come to the forefront in Whyville, as our article ‘‘‘Blacks deservebodies too!’ Diversity and Race in a Virtual World’’ illustrates (Kafai et al., 2010).

      This is so fascinating to me. Could it be due to the lack of wanting to look through all 30,000 faces? Although I think not, this is interesting when I think about figured worlds. When thinking of Whyville, you would think of it as its own figured world, but it is interesting to see how the Whyville avatar is created by the person. This would be influenced, I would think, by the real-life figured world. They are both overlapped.

    4. Forinstance, in the Solstice Safari, a group of players work together to collect data aboutthe sunrise and sunset at different locations around the world. This encourages col-laboration and social interactions among Whyvillians and teaches them about theEarth’s position in relation to the Sun, notions of time (days, years) and seasons,temperature, and geography (latitude and longitude).

      This is interesting. Reminds me of intent participation. The Whyvillians need to voluntarily sign up to work with basically strangers. Connecting it back with the earlier point about race, makes me wonder how Whyvillians determine if they want to sign up with a particular collaboration.

    5. Much less is known aboutyounger players who participate in equal, if not larger, numbers in virtual worlds

      Would a research expect to same similar trends as they see in World of Warcraft? Is that why it is not explored. When i think of this in the light of LPP i would see it as the same field of mastery (online life), just a different setting. In the end though, the same skills are learned in each setting.

    6. The presenceof these features affords us with the opportunity to study various aspects such asonline representation (see Kafai, Fields, & Cook, 2010) and issues about race (seeKafai, Cook, & Fields, 2010) covered in two articles included in this special issue.

      This is a very interesting way to study race. Could we say that we could assess the players' views of race from this online platform? Makes me wonder if people will respond the same way on an online platform as they would in a real-life setting.

    1. Deep engagement does not seem to be a problem in and of itself, unless coupled with a practice that is socially unacceptable, physically dam-aging, or financially costly.

      If this is true, then why do users self-describe as addicted to social media? Especially when we live in an ever more online and technologically driven world.

    2. education.

      Any comments on how "the zone" works in education?