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Experiencing enough viral drift to produce an influenza variant capable of escaping population immunity is believed to take years of global circulation (not weeks of local circulation).

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Edara, Venkata Viswanadh, William H. Hudson, Xuping Xie, Rafi Ahmed, and Mehul S. Suthar. “Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After Infection and Vaccination.” JAMA, March 19, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.4388.

Amy Maxmen, PhD. (2020, August 26). 🙄The CDC’s only substantial communication with the public in the pandemic is through its MMW Reports. But the irrelevant & erroneous 1st line of this latest report suggests political meddling to me. (The WHO doesn’t declare pandemics. They declare PHEICs, which they did Jan 30) https://t.co/Y1NlHbQIYQ [Tweet]. @amymaxmen. https://twitter.com/amymaxmen/status/1298660729080356864

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, February 9). RT @ChristoPhraser: Our paper on evaluating the first three months of the NHS COVID-19 app is out now as a pre-print. A 🧵 1/n https://t.co/… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1359132102927798275

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Perra, N. (2021). Non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Physics Reports. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2021.02.001

COVID-19 Living Evidence. (2020, October 23). Weekly update of COAP As of 23.10.2020, we have indexed 80588 publications: 8902 pre-prints 71686 peer-reviewed publications Pre-prints: BioRxiv, MedRxiv Peer-reviewed: PubMed, EMBASE https://t.co/RaDy1Wm4Hq https://t.co/FYRaYPe8oG [Tweet]. @evidencelive. https://twitter.com/evidencelive/status/1319578431848353793

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Wang, P., Nair, M. S., Liu, L., Iketani, S., Luo, Y., Guo, Y., Wang, M., Yu, J., Zhang, B., Kwong, P. D., Graham, B. S., Mascola, J. R., Chang, J. Y., Yin, M. T., Sobieszczyk, M., Kyratsous, C. A., Shapiro, L., Sheng, Z., Huang, Y., & Ho, D. D. (2021). Antibody Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants B.1.351 and B.1.1.7. Nature, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03398-2

ReconfigBehSci. (2020, November 3). As debate on ‘saving the economy versus saving lives’ marches on, it’s worth noting that this type of contrast actually has a name in fallacy research: Https://t.co/N8U4ABWTuh it’s also worth noting that there is now a substantial number of research articles on the topic. 1/n [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1323603017179013130

Ashraf, B. N. (2020). Economic impact of government interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: International evidence from financial markets. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 27, 100371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2020.100371

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, March 5). RT @theAliceRoberts: A new study predicts the effect of fully reopening schools—Pushing R up from 0.8 to between 1.1-1.5. R is very abst… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1369569328920727553

David R Tomlinson 💙. (2021, March 5). Truth. 💙 @FreshAirNHS @theRCN @TheBMA @mancunianmedic @DrLindaDykes @Chakladar_A @KGadhok https://t.co/Ke2C84KuaT https://t.co/C469qvrSoK [Tweet]. @DRTomlinsonEP. https://twitter.com/DRTomlinsonEP/status/1367962251211202566

Virological. ‘Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Genomes Involving Lineage B.1.1.7 in the UK - SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus / SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Evolution’, 17 March 2021. https://virological.org/t/recombinant-sars-cov-2-genomes-involving-lineage-b-1-1-7-in-the-uk/658.

Sridhar, Devi. ‘COVID-19: What Health Experts Could and Could Not Predict’. Nature Medicine 26, no. 12 (December 2020): 1812–1812. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-01170-z.

Wibmer, C. K., Ayres, F., Hermanus, T., Madzivhandila, M., Kgagudi, P., Lambson, B. E., Vermeulen, M., Berg, K. van den, Rossouw, T., Boswell, M., Ueckermann, V., Meiring, S., Gottberg, A. von, Cohen, C., Morris, L., Bhiman, J. N., & Moore, P. L. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 escapes neutralization by South African COVID-19 donor plasma. BioRxiv, 2021.01.18.427166. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.18.427166

Sadoff, J., Le Gars, M., Shukarev, G., Heerwegh, D., Truyers, C., de Groot, A. M., Stoop, J., Tete, S., Van Damme, W., Leroux-Roels, I., Berghmans, P.-J., Kimmel, M., Van Damme, P., de Hoon, J., Smith, W., Stephenson, K. E., De Rosa, S. C., Cohen, K. W., McElrath, M. J., … Schuitemaker, H. (2021). Interim Results of a Phase 1–2a Trial of Ad26.COV2.S Covid-19 Vaccine. New England Journal of Medicine, 0(0), null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2034201

Donsimoni. J. R., Glawion. R., Plachter. B., Walde. K., (2020). Projecting the Spread of COVID-19 for Germany. Institute of labor economics. Retrieved from: https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13094/

What would be the limit of detection of the new variants in the wastewater by this NGS based sequencing method?

Bae et al.(2020) Asymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on Evacuation Flight. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Retrieved from: https://ncrc.jhsph.edu/research/asymptomatic-transmission-of-sars-cov-2-on-evacuation-flight/

Lau, P. Y. F. (2020). Fighting COVID-19: Social capital and community mobilisation in Hong Kong. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-08-2020-0377

1169 proteins

180 nucleotides,1221 proteins

174 genomes

1442 genomes

unidad_COVID2019,data

Offeddu, V., Yung, C. F., Low, M. S. F., & Tam, C. C. (2017). Effectiveness of Masks and Respirators Against Respiratory Infections in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 65(11), 1934–1942. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix681

Le Bert, N., Tan, A. T., Kunasegaran, K., Tham, C. Y. L., Hafezi, M., Chia, A., Chng, M. H. Y., Lin, M., Tan, N., Linster, M., Chia, W. N., Chen, M. I.-C., Wang, L.-F., Ooi, E. E., Kalimuddin, S., Tambyah, P. A., Low, J. G.-H., Tan, Y.-J., & Bertoletti, A. (2020). SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls. Nature, 584(7821), 457–462. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2550-z

Chinese Canadians share their experiences of racism during COVID-19—Macleans.ca. (n.d.). Retrieved 1 September 2020, from https://www.macleans.ca/society/chinese-canadians-share-their-experiences-of-racism-during-covid-19/#gallery/covid-racism/slide-1

Acosta, M., & Nestore, M. (2020). Comparing public policy implementation in Taiwan and Vietnam in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak: A review [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/69hqx

Lin, P. Z., & Meissner, C. M. (2020). A Note on Long-Run Persistence of Public Health Outcomes in Pandemics (Working Paper No. 27119; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27119

r/BehSciAsk—What’s so wrong with ‘behavioural fatigue’? (n.d.). Reddit. Retrieved 12 August 2020, from https://www.reddit.com/r/BehSciAsk/comments/i88yi5/whats_so_wrong_with_behavioural_fatigue/

Arora, Rahul K., Abel Joseph, Jordan Van Wyk, Simona Rocco, Austin Atmaja, Ewan May, Tingting Yan, et al. ‘SeroTracker: A Global SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Dashboard’. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 0, no. 0 (4 August 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30631-9.

Krekel, C., Swanke, S., De Neve, J., & Fancourt, D. (2020). Are Happier People More Compliant? Global Evidence From Three Large-Scale Surveys During Covid-19 Lockdowns [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/65df4

Amanat, F., White, K. M., Miorin, L., Strohmeier, S., McMahon, M., Meade, P., Liu, W.-C., Albrecht, R. A., Simon, V., Martinez‐Sobrido, L., Moran, T., García‐Sastre, A., & Krammer, F. (2020). An In Vitro Microneutralization Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Serology and Drug Screening. Current Protocols in Microbiology, 58(1), e108. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpmc.108

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DNA vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 inflammations.

Texas reports over 3,000 total deaths, 10,002 patients hospitalized due to coronavirus. (2020, April 14). The Texas Tribune. https://apps.texastribune.org/features/2020/texas-coronavirus-cases-map/

Wilson, D. E., Joanna. (n.d.). COVID-19: Six months on the frontline (An Imperial Story). Retrieved 11 July 2020, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/stories/covid-19-first-six-months/

Petersen, E., Koopmans, M., Go, U., Hamer, D. H., Petrosillo, N., Castelli, F., Storgaard, M., Khalili, S. A., & Simonsen, L. (2020). Comparing SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV and influenza pandemics. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30484-9

Interactive Heat Map - SARS-CoV-2 - Bloom Lab

Bloom Lab. (2020, June 18). "We've experimentally measured how all amino-acid mutations to the #SARSCoV2 spike RBD affect ACE2 binding and expression of folded protein in a deep mutational scanning study led by @tylernstarr & Allie Greaney:https://biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.17.157982v1 Why is this important? (1/n)" Twitter. https://twitter.com/jbloom_lab/status/1273468539484213248

Borsboom, D., Blanken, T., Dablander, F., Tanis, C., van Harreveld, F., & van Mieghem, P. (2020). BECON methodology [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/53ey9

Abu-Akel, A., Spitz, A., & West, R. (2020). THE FAUCI EFFECT: PUBLIC HEALTH MESSAGING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/naxf3

Balloux, F. (2020, May 22) A thread written by @BallouxFrancois. Threader. https://threader.app/thread/1263745877702737920

Wallis, P., & Nerlich, B. (2005). Disease metaphors in new epidemics: The UK media framing of the 2003 SARS epidemic. Social Science & Medicine, 60(11), 2629–2639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.11.031

Covid-19: Towards the new normal, and beyond... (n.d.). Retrieved 9 June 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJcgdERLabc&feature=youtu.be

How SARS-CoV-2 causes disease and death in covid-19. (n.d.). The Economist. Retrieved June 8, 2020, from https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/06/06/how-sars-cov-2-causes-disease-and-death-in-covid-19?fsrc=scn/tw/te/bl/ed/thepathsofdestructionhowsarscov2causesdiseaseanddeathincovid19briefing

Colbourn, T. (2020). Unlocking UK COVID-19 policy. The Lancet Public Health, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30135-3

Nepogodiev, Dmitri, James C. Glasbey, Elizabeth Li, Omar M. Omar, Joana FF Simoes, Tom EF Abbott, Osaid Alser, et al. ‘Mortality and Pulmonary Complications in Patients Undergoing Surgery with Perioperative SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An International Cohort Study’. The Lancet 0, no. 0 (29 May 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31182-X.

Grifoni, A., Weiskopf, D., Ramirez, S. I., Mateus, J., Dan, J. M., Moderbacher, C. R., Rawlings, S. A., Sutherland, A., Premkumar, L., Jadi, R. S., Marrama, D., de Silva, A. M., Frazier, A., Carlin, A., Greenbaum, J. A., Peters, B., Krammer, F., Smith, D. M., Crotty, S., & Sette, A. (2020). Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals. Cell, S0092867420306103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015

Andersen, K.G., Rambaut, A., Lipkin, W.I. et al. The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Med 26, 450–452 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9

Involucro multiorgánico.

Dibujo muy bonito con énfasis en la proteína spike.

SARS-CoV-2 en el epitelio respitario. Pendiente checar la fuente.

Tweet de Nature Reviews Microbiology. Deadly killer.

Choque cardiogénico con imagen ME.

Tweet con un modelo tridimensional... Falta la fuente exacta.

NIAID originales

Imagen 3D en The Scientist

Imágenes al microscopio en un artículo de divulgación de NatGeo España

Imágenes del NIAID en artículo de NatGeo

Esquema súper bonito de los blancos terapéuticos

Estructura viral y respuesta del hospedero

Inmunfluorescencia y efecto citopático

Partículas virales en tejido renal

Imágenes en microscopio electrónico de transmisión

Estructura cryo-EM del spike GP.

Artículo con la primera descripción de casos de COVID-19 en China. ** Incluye la identificación del virus

SARS-CoV PLpro PDB, 2fe8

It would have been good to include 2-3 negative control samples in the data

How does this compare with spit and nasal secretions which also connect to the wastewater? Is this a bigger source of viral particles in the case of a respiratory virus?

Tang, J. W., & Settles, G. S. (2008). Coughing and Aerosols. New England Journal of Medicine, 359(15), e19. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMicm072576

Societal Responses to and Preparedness for Emerging Viral Infections – 2020. (n.d.). Novo Nordisk Fonden. Retrieved April 16, 2020, from https://novonordiskfonden.dk/da/grants/societal-responses-to-and-preparedness-for-emerging-viral-infections-2020/

unidad_COVID2019

unidad_COVID2019

unidad_COVID2019

https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000004363 DOI:10.1007/s00134‑020‑06022‑5