https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2

Eric Topol. (2021, October 27). 'The benefit of a third [booster] dose in reducing transmission is sizeable and increases with vaccine coverage and contact rates among individuals." https://medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.25.21265500v1 by @billygardner and @DiseaseEcology https://t.co/zAZcJgF1nJ [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1453153076165021696

ReconfigBehSci [@SciBeh]. ‘RT @vikkypaedia: B.1.1.529 Seems to Have Gone from 0.1% to 50% in Just a Couple of Weeks, When It Took Delta Several Months to Achieve That…’. Tweet. Twitter, 26 November 2021. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1464194450406752282.

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, March 5). RT @theAliceRoberts: A new study predicts the effect of fully reopening schools—Pushing R up from 0.8 to between 1.1-1.5. R is very abst… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1369569328920727553

Amy Maxmen, PhD. (2020, August 26). 🙄The CDC’s only substantial communication with the public in the pandemic is through its MMW Reports. But the irrelevant & erroneous 1st line of this latest report suggests political meddling to me. (The WHO doesn’t declare pandemics. They declare PHEICs, which they did Jan 30) https://t.co/Y1NlHbQIYQ [Tweet]. @amymaxmen. https://twitter.com/amymaxmen/status/1298660729080356864

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, February 9). RT @ChristoPhraser: Our paper on evaluating the first three months of the NHS COVID-19 app is out now as a pre-print. A 🧵 1/n https://t.co/… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1359132102927798275

NetScience on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 15 February 2021, from https://twitter.com/net_science/status/1360990028168503297

ReconfigBehSci. (2020, November 3). As debate on ‘saving the economy versus saving lives’ marches on, it’s worth noting that this type of contrast actually has a name in fallacy research: Https://t.co/N8U4ABWTuh it’s also worth noting that there is now a substantial number of research articles on the topic. 1/n [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1323603017179013130

Miguel Hernán. (2021, February 15). To all who claim that there’s no evidence that #SARSCoV2 is transmitted in bars: If the risk of transmitting #SARSCoV2 is provenly greater in crowded indoor places, why should bars be magically protected? Burden of the proof is on bar’s owners, not on scientists @BillHanage [Tweet]. @_MiguelHernan. https://twitter.com/_MiguelHernan/status/1361463022187864066

(1) ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @ahandvanish: New paper on 10,024 breakthrough infections shows that vaccination does not prevent #LongCovid. Https://t.co/8WurrqXRwy…’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 29 October 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1453638123624226822

Moritz Gerstung. (2021, November 1). An update on currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants in England beyond AY.4.2. Based on data released weekly to http://covid19.sanger.ac.uk we’ve been monitoring the speed of spread of currently 232 lineages. It’s a very dynamic situation and at times hard to stay on top. 🧵 [Tweet]. @MoritzGerstung. https://twitter.com/MoritzGerstung/status/1455136551407689734

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @MOUGK: @AineToole and @viralverity built this incredible tool to visualise, integrate and track VOCs https://t.co/MRPJqdAkJ9 more updat…’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 16 August 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1395144412741603329

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @theosanderson: Introducing 🌳https://t.co/m8MusGFkpI: a new tool that lets you dive into a tree of more than a million public SARS-CoV-2…’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 16 August 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1412418927871864835

What do we know about Covid’s impact on the brain? (2022, March 9). The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/mar/09/covid-coronavirus-brain-study-eric-topol

Al Newman. (2022, March 8). @danaparish @jennybluebird2U To your point: Https://t.co/CsULpIACoI [Tweet]. @AlNewman_. https://twitter.com/AlNewman_/status/1501056062262333441

Mahase, E. (2022). Covid-19: Is the UK heading for another omicron wave? BMJ, 376, o738. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o738

Unit, Corona Behavioural. ‘The Effect of Proximity of COVID-19 Test Facilities on Test Uptake: Two Quasi-Experimental Trials’. PsyArXiv, 17 February 2022. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/rhvmc.

Eric Topol. (2021, October 27). 'The benefit of a third [booster] dose in reducing transmission is sizeable and increases with vaccine coverage and contact rates among individuals." https://medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.25.21265500v1 by @billygardner and @DiseaseEcology https://t.co/zAZcJgF1nJ [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1453153076165021696

Eliminating SARS-CoV-2 was deemed plausible, because SARS-CoV-1 had been eliminated.

Barros-Martins, J., Hammerschmidt, S. I., Cossmann, A., Odak, I., Stankov, M. V., Morillas Ramos, G., Dopfer-Jablonka, A., Heidemann, A., Ritter, C., Friedrichsen, M., Schultze-Florey, C., Ravens, I., Willenzon, S., Bubke, A., Ristenpart, J., Janssen, A., Ssebyatika, G., Bernhardt, G., Münch, J., … Behrens, G. M. N. (2021). Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after heterologous and homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination. Nature Medicine, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01449-9

Stokel-Walker, C. (2021). The search for antivirals for covid-19. BMJ, 374, n2165. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2165

Do Masks Hurt Speech Development? It Depends on the Child. (2021, September 20). Undark Magazine. https://undark.org/2021/09/20/do-masks-hurt-speech-development-it-depends-on-the-kid/

Hillus, David, Tatjana Schwarz, Pinkus Tober-Lau, Hana Hastor, Charlotte Thibeault, Stefanie Kasper, Elisa T. Helbig, et al. “Safety, Reactogenicity, and Immunogenicity of Homologous and Heterologous Prime-Boost Immunisation with ChAdOx1-NCoV19 and BNT162b2: A Prospective Cohort Study,” June 2, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.19.21257334.

Nasreen, Sharifa, Hannah Chung, Siyi He, Kevin A. Brown, Jonathan B. Gubbay, Sarah A. Buchan, Deshayne B. Fell, et al. “Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines against Variants of Concern in Ontario, Canada,” July 16, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.28.21259420.

Prof. Devi Sridhar. “Rest of the World Watching Closely: ‘In Scotland, Estimated That 92.5% of Adults Would Have Tested Positive for Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 on a Blood Test in the Week Beginning 12 July 2021’- Is This Enough to Dampen Transmission & Protect under 12s from Infection? Under 18s?” Tweet. @devisridhar (blog), August 4, 2021. https://twitter.com/devisridhar/status/1422852550957617157.

Bixler, D. (2020). SARS-CoV-2–Associated Deaths Among Persons Aged 21 Years — United States, February 12–July 31, 2020. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6937e4

Lopez Bernal, Jamie, Nick Andrews, Charlotte Gower, Eileen Gallagher, Ruth Simmons, Simon Thelwall, Julia Stowe, et al. “Effectiveness of Covid-19 Vaccines against the B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant.” New England Journal of Medicine 0, no. 0 (July 21, 2021): null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2108891.

PINHO, A. C. (2021, March 11). EMA recommends COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen for authorisation in the EU [Text]. European Medicines Agency. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/ema-recommends-covid-19-vaccine-janssen-authorisation-eu

Staff, Fox News. “McEnany Encourages People to Get COVID Vaccine: It Reduces Your Risk of Transmitting the Virus.” Text.Article. Fox News. Fox News, July 21, 2021. https://www.foxnews.com/media/mcenany-encourages-people-to-get-covid-vaccine-variant.

Tada, Takuya, Hao Zhou, Marie I. Samanovic, Belinda M. Dcosta, Amber Cornelius, Mark J. Mulligan, and Nathaniel R. Landau. “Comparison of Neutralizing Antibody Titers Elicited by MRNA and Adenoviral Vector Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 Variants.” BioRxiv, July 19, 2021, 2021.07.19.452771. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.19.452771.

Barouch, Dan H., Kathryn E. Stephenson, Jerald Sadoff, Jingyou Yu, Aiquan Chang, Makda Gebre, Katherine McMahan, et al. “Durable Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses 8 Months after Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.” New England Journal of Medicine 0, no. 0 (July 14, 2021): null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2108829.

Prunas, Ottavia, Joshua L. Warren, Forrest W. Crawford, Sivan Gazit, Tal Patalon, Daniel M. Weinberger, and Virginia E. Pitzer. “Vaccination with BNT162b2 Reduces Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to Household Contacts in Israel.” MedRxiv, July 16, 2021, 2021.07.13.21260393. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.13.21260393.

Luoto, Severi, Marjorie L. Prokosch, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Indrikis Krams, and Corey L. Fincher. “Editorial: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Its Psychobehavioral Consequences.” Frontiers in Psychology 0 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.723282.

Antonova, Elena, Karoly Schlosser, Rakesh Pandey, and Veena Kumari. “Coping With COVID-19: Mindfulness-Based Approaches for Mitigating Mental Health Crisis.” Frontiers in Psychiatry 12 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.563417.

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Singh, Urvashi B., Mercy Rophina, Dr Rama Chaudhry, Vigneshwar Senthivel, Kiran Bala, Rahul C. Bhoyar, Bani Jolly, et al. “Variants of Concern Responsible for SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections from India.” OSF Preprints, June 3, 2021. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/fgd4x.

Naveca, Felipe Gomes, Valdinete Nascimento, Victor Costa de Souza, André de Lima Corado, Fernanda Nascimento, George Silva, Ágatha Costa, et al. “COVID-19 in Amazonas, Brazil, Was Driven by the Persistence of Endemic Lineages and P.1 Emergence.” Nature Medicine, May 25, 2021, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01378-7.

Cirillo, Nicola, and Richard Doan. “Bell’s Palsy and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines—an Unfolding Story.” The Lancet Infectious Diseases 0, no. 0 (June 7, 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00273-5.

Liu, Jianying, Yang Liu, Hongjie Xia, Jing Zou, Scott C. Weaver, Kena A. Swanson, Hui Cai, et al. “BNT162b2-Elicited Neutralization of B.1.617 and Other SARS-CoV-2 Variants.” Nature, June 10, 2021, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03693-y.

Javid, B., Bassler, D., Bryant, M. B., Cevik, M., Tufekci, Z., & Baral, S. (2021). Should masks be worn outdoors? BMJ, 373, n1036. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1036

Richterman, A., Meyerowitz, E. A., & Cevik, M. (2021). Indirect Protection by Reducing Transmission: Ending the Pandemic with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, ofab259. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab259

Michaelsen, Thomas Y., Marc Bennedbæk, Lasse E. Christiansen, Mia S. F. Jørgensen, Camilla H. Møller, Emil A. Sørensen, Simon Knutsson, et al. “Introduction and Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 in Denmark.” MedRxiv, June 7, 2021, 2021.06.04.21258333. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.04.21258333.

Daniels, Curt J., Saurabh Rajpal, Joel T. Greenshields, Geoffrey L. Rosenthal, Eugene H. Chung, Michael Terrin, Jean Jeudy, et al. “Prevalence of Clinical and Subclinical Myocarditis in Competitive Athletes With Recent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Results From the Big Ten COVID-19 Cardiac Registry.” JAMA Cardiology, May 27, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2021.2065.

Since publication, the FDA has rescinded its authorisation of bamlanivimab (LY-CoV555), due to its lack of efficacy against circulating variants of concern, particularly B.1.351 (South African), as a result of E484K substitution A,B. Eli Lilly are now pursuing the use of their combination therapy of bamlanivimab with etesevimab (LY-CoV016).

The antibody cocktail REGN-CoV2 showed sustained efficacy against tested variant strains and thus remains a viable treatment option. However, a mutational library scan by Starr et al. revealed that a single amino acid change (E406W) is all that is required for a future variant to escape this therapy C.

Circulating variants highlight the limited efficacy of monoclonal antibodies to an evolving virus, particularly in those which are restricted to the RBD. A diverse panel of monoclonal antibodies, which bind subdominant epitopes may be a more sustainable approach.

A – Wang, P et al. Antibody resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.351 and B.1.1.7. 2021. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03398-2

B – Starr, T.N.et al. Complete map of SARS-CoV-2 RBD mutations that escape the monoclonal LY-CoV555 and its cocktail with LY-CoV016. 2021. Cell Reports Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100255

C – Starr, T.N.et al. Prospective mapping of viral mutations that escape antibodies used to treat COVID-19. 2021. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abf9302

Choe, Hyeryun, and Michael Farzan. ‘How SARS-CoV-2 First Adapted in Humans’. Science 372, no. 6541 (30 April 2021): 466–67. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abi4711.

Experiencing enough viral drift to produce an influenza variant capable of escaping population immunity is believed to take years of global circulation (not weeks of local circulation).

Topol, E. J. (2021, March 18). It’s Okay to Overreact: Devi Sridhar Shares COVID’s Humbling Lesson. Medscape. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/947382

Murray, E. (2021, April 20). I’m an epidemiologist. Here’s what I got wrong about covid. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/04/20/epidemiology-covid-self-criticism/

More transmissible and evasive SARS-CoV-2 variant growing rapidly in Brazil | Imperial News | Imperial College London. (n.d.). Imperial News. Retrieved 18 April 2021, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/216053/more-transmissible-evasive-sarscov2-variant-growing/

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Edara, Venkata Viswanadh, William H. Hudson, Xuping Xie, Rafi Ahmed, and Mehul S. Suthar. “Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After Infection and Vaccination.” JAMA, March 19, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.4388.

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Perra, N. (2021). Non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Physics Reports. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2021.02.001

COVID-19 Living Evidence. (2020, October 23). Weekly update of COAP As of 23.10.2020, we have indexed 80588 publications: 8902 pre-prints 71686 peer-reviewed publications Pre-prints: BioRxiv, MedRxiv Peer-reviewed: PubMed, EMBASE https://t.co/RaDy1Wm4Hq https://t.co/FYRaYPe8oG [Tweet]. @evidencelive. https://twitter.com/evidencelive/status/1319578431848353793

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David R Tomlinson 💙. (2021, March 5). Truth. 💙 @FreshAirNHS @theRCN @TheBMA @mancunianmedic @DrLindaDykes @Chakladar_A @KGadhok https://t.co/Ke2C84KuaT https://t.co/C469qvrSoK [Tweet]. @DRTomlinsonEP. https://twitter.com/DRTomlinsonEP/status/1367962251211202566

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What would be the limit of detection of the new variants in the wastewater by this NGS based sequencing method?

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1169 proteins

174 genomes

1442 genomes

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