543 Matching Annotations
  1. May 2021
    1. Origin of Lindy's Law or the Lindy effect.

      A discussion of the life expectancy of a comic.

      What they miss here is that it's easier to produce if you're also consuming a lot of material, particularly in a group. The output is proportion to the input, and at the time there was only so much input that one could take in in a much sparser media market in comparison to 2021.

    1. Similarly, while individual artefacts may be fragile, their lineage is likely to continue if they serve and extend deeply-rooted needs. Hence the innovator’s twin adages: “what significant problem does it solve?” and “how does it make life easier?” If you can’t answer either of these questions about something new – if you can’t in some way connect the temporary to the timeless – it probably makes sense to wait rather than betting the farm.
    1. bleached
    2. bleaching
    3. bleached
    4. bleach
    5. died
    6. bleaching
    7. death
    8. bleaching
    9. bleach
    10. bleached
    11. bleached
    12. bleaching
    13. bleaching
    14. bleaching
    15. bleaching
    16. bleaching
    17. visibly paler
    18. bleached
    19. bleached
    20. bleaching
    21. bleaching
    22. bleached
    23. bleached
    24. bleaching
    25. bleaching
    26. bleaching
    27. bleaching
    28. bleaching
    29. bleached
    30. Bleaching
    31. bleached
    32. bleach
    33. bleaching
    34. bleaching
    35. bleaching
    36. bleaching
    37. bleaching
    38. bleaching
    39. bleach
    40. bleached
    41. bleach
    42. bleach
    43. bleach
    44. bleach
    45. bleaching
    46. bleaching
    47. Bleaching
    48. reduced p .r ratios.
    49. reduced colony photos~theti~ rates
    50. high and sustained colony respiratory rates
    51. reduced poputation densities
    52. iow pigment content
    53. bleaching
    54. bleaching
    55. bleaching
    56. Bleaching

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    Annotators

    1. calcification
    2. calcification
    3. calcifica-tion
    4. calcification
    5. calcification
    6. bleaching
    7. calcification
    8. calcification
    9. calcification
    10. Calcification
    11. calcification rates
    12. calcification rates
    13. calcification
    14. calcification rates
    15. calcification
    16. calcification
    17. Calcification rates
    18. calcification
    19. decrease in the calci-fication rate
    20. decreased skeletal growth
    21. calcifi-cation
    22. calcification
    23. calcification
    24. calcification
    25. calcification
    26. calcification
    27. calcifi-cation rate
    28. calcification
    29. calcifica-tion
    30. calcification
    31. calcification
    32. coral reef calcification
    33. calcification
    34. reef calcification
    35. calcifying
    36. calcifying
  2. Apr 2021
    1. This is the culture that finds the idea of ten year old essays still being relevant so jarring that instead of just referring to collections of these essays as the field’s ‘canon’ they invent a new phrase that’s based on a misunderstanding of a casual heuristic observation: “Lindy Libraries” or “Lindy Media”. Basically, texts that are likely to last as long as they have lasted so far.

      What is a Lindy Library? This is the first reference to it as a "thing" that I've seen.

      Perhaps these references may be useful?

      After a brief look, it appears as if the last is the appropriate reference.

    1. We, at Cubiko Games, would love for Foundation to reach as many people as possible because it’s such a great game. We hope that the ‘stretch goals’, ’2 x reward‘ tiers and ’voucher codes’ will encourage people to back and share the campaign so that it reaches its full potential.  Then, hopefully, with more backers comes more exposure which, in turn, leads to the ultimate goal..... Foundation gets signed by a leading game manufacturer.
    1. Only the Starter Kit is available in this reboot. The Starter Kit is FREE, in order to distribute it as widely as possible. This goal of this Kickstarter campaign is to introduce Clash of Deck to the whole word and to bring a community together around the game. If the Kickstarter campaign succeeds, we will then have the necessary dynamic to publish additional paid content on a regular basis, to enrich the game with: stand-alone expansions, additional modules, alternative game modes..
  3. Mar 2021
    1. This tendency is known as the “actor-observer effect”. What this means is that people often attribute their own behavior to situational causes, while observers attribute the actor's behavior to the personality or disposition of the actor. For example, an actor's common reason to be late is due to the situational reason, traffic. Observers’ lack of contextual knowledge about the traffic, i.e. common ground, leads to them attributing the lateness due to ignorance or laziness on the actor's part. This tendency towards dispositional attribution is especially magnified when the stakes are higher and the situation is more complex. When observers are relatively calm, the tendency towards dispositional attribution is less strong.[25]

      [[actor-observer effect]]

  4. Feb 2021
    1. These two mistakes, especially the second one, plant worries in your customers mind before they’ve even had time to think of them.
    2. Stop warning people – no contract, no obligations, cancel anytime – companies can’t resist saying this on every pricing page but by using negative words they’re just putting ideas into people’s heads.
    1. Economists call this a "network effect": the more people there are on Twitter, the more reason there is to be on Twitter and the harder it is to leave. But technologists have another name for this: "lock in." The more you pour into Twitter, the more it costs you to leave. Economists have a name for that cost: the "switching cost."
  5. Jan 2021
  6. Dec 2020
  7. Nov 2020
    1. Your brain is hardwired to constantly think about all your unfinished activities until they’re completed, a phenomenon known as the Zeigarnik effect. This presents a problem for your work-life harmony, because when you leave the office, the last thing you want is to be inundated with thoughts about work. Luckily, evidence suggests that when you write a to-do list of outstanding tasks, your mind will stop reminding you about them, leaving you free to enjoy your evening in peace.

      Zeigarnik effect - Thinking about unfinished tasks unitl they are finished.

      The remedy for this is to write a to-do list.

    1. Psychologists have found that units—also referred to as schemas—of information are stored in our long-term memory.2 These schemas can be activated by sights, smells, and sounds. When these schemas are activated, our memories become easier to access. Priming suggests that certain schemas are activated in unison, which in turn leads related or connected units of information to be activated at the same time. Once related schemas are activated and more accessible, it becomes easier for us to draw related information into memory more quickly, and we can thus respond faster when the need arises. For example, the schemas related to rainstorms and slick roads may be linked in our memories. As a result, when we drive and it is raining, the memory of slick roads comes to mind, leading us to slow down and take precaution.There are numerous types of priming that can occur. Each one works in a specific way that produces different effects.

      [[units of information]] or [[schemas]] - stored in long term memory.

      Once these schemas are activated - memories associated to them are easier to access. Like having a smell remind you of a place - once that schema is activated, other things attached to it are easier to remember.

    1. The overjustification effect has inspired an entire field of study that focuses on students and how to help them reach their full potential. Though experts are divided on whether extrinsic rewards have a beneficial or negative effect on intrinsic motivation, a recent study showed that rewards may actually encourage intrinsic motivation when given early in a task.

      [[question]] What is the [[over-justification effect]]

  8. Oct 2020
    1. John Glubb and Avoiding the Fate of Empires

      John Glubb was an English Army officer who created a theory called the "Fate of Empires", which catalogues the typical rise and fall of hegemonic orders and attempts to explain why they fall. He wanted to understand where the North Atlantic European Hegemonic Order is in its cycle, in the hopes that we could avoid making the same mistakes as those before us.

      This is the typical cycle of empires:

      1. Age of Pioneers

      A small and insignificant nation on takes over its more powerful neighbors. This new nation is driven by a need to grow and improve, to become the power they took over. This phase is characterized by an optimistic sense of improvisation and initiative.

      1. The Age of Commerce

      The new empire has a lot of new territory, which is safer due to recent military successes. This sets the stage for economic growth. The conquering class benefits from the merchants but aren't motivated solely by material gains.

      1. Age of Affluence

      The ruling class look for ways to spend their new-found wealth, and because they still feel an idealistic sense of noble nationalism, they spend their money on large-scale civic and building projects and invest in art and culture.

      1. The Age of Intellect

      Gradually this material success corrodes the values of the ruling class and material wealth replaces nationalism as the primary virtue. This phase is characterized by a defensiveness and the need to protect what they have. Wall building comes at this phase.

      Often seen as a golden age, this is the phase that often comes before its downfall.

      1. The Age of Decadence

      The ruling class is completely disengaged from the issues of the state and are focussed almost completely on sport, entertainment, and personal gain.

    1. But then I learned a Norwegian phrase which eloquently explains that the longest mile of any journey is stepping across your doorstep and starting. They call it ‘The Doorstep Mile’.
    1. Ebbinghaus had also documented the serial position effect, which describes how the position of an item affects recall. The two main concepts in the serial position effect are recency and primacy. The recency effect describes the increased recall of the most recent information because it is still in the short-term memory. The primacy effect causes better memory of the first items in a list due to increased rehearsal and commitment to long-term memory.
    1. Removing likes could impact two types of biased decisions. One, deciding whether or not to “like” a photo. If you don’t know how many other people have liked that photo, your deci-sion to like it will probably be less biased. In Chapter 3, we’ll talk about the bandwagon effect, but knowing what opinion others have expressed can have a huge impact on the opinion you express. Removing likes is Instagram’s way of anonymiz-ing voting.

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    1. The researchers found that women who reported being stressed out during the prior 24 hours burned 104 fewer calories than the women who were not stressed.
  9. Sep 2020
    1. 8-Up works like this: 1. Get eight people in a room and ask them a design ques-tion like “How might we do a better job of moving peo-ple around?”2. Then tell them: “You each have three minutes to come up with three ideas for how we might do a better job of moving people around.”3. Once those three minutes have passed, all eight people should have three ideas each. You then tell them: “Great, now turn to your neighbor, show them your three ideas, they will show you their three ideas, take those six ideas and whittle them down to two.”4. After they’ve done that, say to each pair: “Okay, show your two ideas to the pair next to you. They’ll show you their two ideas. Take those four ideas and whittle them down to two.”5. After that, you’ll have two groups of four with two ideas each. You get all eight people together and say: “Take those four ideas and whittle them down to one.”This tends to produce better ideas than just saying, “Hey, eight people, come up with ideas and we’ll vote on the best one.” Or: “Hey, eight people, I’m gonna lock you in a room until you agree on an idea.”

      How about the opposite of this with throwing out the worst option first as a means of setting a bar for coming up with better. Example: In a group of people going out to lunch, suggest everyone goes to McDonalds, a restaurant you're reasonably sure no one will want to go to, to get better ideas. This is another sort of framing by creating a dreadfully low set point.

    2. Question design is one of the key tools we have at our disposal when trying to get people to work together. The art of turning a “should” statement into a “how might we” statement works something like this: for any “should” question, understand what the goal of the proposed solution is, and then frame a “how” question around that goal.
    3. Again, we only changed a few words, but that new frame engenders a completely different conversation. This is why designers love the phrase “How might we...”—because it opens up the conversation to solutions.

      Framing the problem can create different sorts of solutions

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    1. Ip, A., Ahn, J., Zhou, Y., Goy, A. H., Hansen, E., Pecora, A. L., Sinclaire, B. A., Bednarz, U., Marafelias, M., Mathura, S., Sawczuk, I. S., Underwood, J. P., Walker, D. M., Prasad, R., Sweeney, R. L., Ponce, M. G., LaCapra, S., Cunningham, F. J., Calise, A. G., … Goldberg, S. L. (2020). Hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of outpatients with mildly symptomatic COVID-19: A multi-center observational study. MedRxiv, 2020.08.20.20178772. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.20.20178772

  10. Aug 2020