- Nov 2023
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Vielle Aufforstungsprojkete, vor allem in den Tropen, schaden der Artenvielfalt und führen zu empfindlichen Monokulturen. Eine Studie untersucht die Funktioen tropischer Walt-Ökosysteme über die CO<sub>2</sub>-Speicherung hinaus. https://taz.de/Studie-ueber-Aufforstung/!5966549/
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- Oct 2023
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www.lrb.co.uk www.lrb.co.uk
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Murray edited the OED from his grandly named ‘Scriptorium’, which was in fact a large corrugated iron shed, built first in the grounds of Mill Hill School, where he taught, and then in his garden at 78 Banbury Road.
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Hay, Daisy. Review of Rare, Obsolete, New, Peculiar, by Sarah Ogilvie. London Review of Books, October 19, 2023. https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v45/n20/daisy-hay/rare-obsolete-new-peculiar.
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The numbers are giddying – millions of slips in the Scriptorium, thousands of contributors,
are there specific numbers?
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Dixon’s standards were variable: he was happy for Murray to include ‘cunt’ but drew the line at ‘cundum ... a contrivance used by fornicators, to save themselves from a well-deserved clap; also by others who wish to enjoy copulation without the possibility of impregnation’.
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To the outside world Mary Pringle was the model of a Victorian wife and mother, but every morning, after she had waved her husband off to work at the War Office, she went into her garden to measure the night’s rainfall via an eclectic range of homemade gauges. She then returned indoors to collect quotations for the dictionary from 17th-century biblical commentaries. (She appears in a chapter called ‘R for Rain Collectors’.) Her enthusiasms, recorded in Murray’s address book, provide a glimpse of the way clever Victorian women, barred from the worlds of education and work, sought alternative expressions of endeavour and community in work for the OED. Pringle’s story also reveals, in the sudden silence of its ending, other forms of female experience. In 1884 her son died, and overnight she stopped collecting both rain and words, fading back into history.
loss of the quotidien as the result of grief
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The famous OED slips – 4 x 6 inch pieces of paper, some pre-filled with title and publication details – were to be completed by readers, whose task was to write down instances and examples of words in need of definition.
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Gilliver suggests that the dictionary with the strongest claim to have influenced the OED is not Johnson’s but the fourth edition of Franz Passow’s Handwörterbuch der griechischen Sprache, published in 1831.
Presumably compiled by zettelkasten as well?
Tags
- obscene
- Oxford English Dictionary
- condoms
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- 1831
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- References
- open questions
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- Sarah Ogilvie
- zettelkasten for lexicography
- Handwörterbuch der griechischen Sprache
- Mary Pringle
- Oxford UK
- quotidien
- want to visit
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- zettelkasten
- slips
Annotators
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This is great and yes it makes perfect sense, thank you!The comment on reading is super helpful. As I've mentioned on here before I've come ti PhD straight from industry, so learning these skills from scratch. Reading especially is still tricky for me after a year, and I tend to read too deeply, and try to read whole texts, and then over annotate.It's good to be reminded that this isn't how academic reading works.
reply to Admirable_Discount75 at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/17beucn/comment/k5nzic6/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
If you've not come across it before you'll likely find Adler & Van Doren (1972) for reading a useful place to start, especially their idea of syntopical reading. Umberto Eco (2015) is also a good supplement to a lot of the internet-based and Ahrensian ZK material. After those try Mills.
Adler, Mortimer J., and Charles Van Doren. How to Read a Book: The Classical Guide to Intelligent Reading. Revised and Updated ed. edition. 1940. Reprint, Touchstone, 2011. https://amzn.to/45IjBcV. (audiobook available; or a video synopsis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_rizr8bb0c)
Eco, Umberto. How to Write a Thesis. Translated by Caterina Mongiat Farina and Geoff Farina. 1977. Reprint, Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2015. https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/how-write-thesis.
Mills, C. Wright. “On Intellectual Craftsmanship (1952).” Society 17, no. 2 (January 1, 1980): 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02700062.
Should it help, I often find that audiobook versions of books or coursework sources like The Great Courses (often free at local libraries, through Hoopla, or other sources), or the highest quality material from YouTube/podcasts listened to at 1.5 - 2x speed while you're walking/commuting can give you quick overviews and/or inspectional reads at a relatively low time cost. Short reminder notes/keywords (to search) while listening can then allow you to do fast searches of the actual texts and/or course guidebooks for excerpting and note making afterwards. Highly selective use of the audiobook bookmarking features let you relisten to short portions as necessary.
As an example, one could do a quick crash course/overview of something like Marx and Communism over a week by quickly listening to all or parts of:
- https://www.thegreatcourses.com/courses/the-rise-of-communism-from-marx-to-lenin
- https://www.thegreatcourses.com/courses/communism-in-power-from-stalin-to-mao
- https://www.thegreatcourses.com/courses/legacies-of-great-economists
- https://www.thegreatcourses.com/courses/modern-intellectual-tradition-from-descartes-to-derrida
These in combination with sources like Oxford's: Very Short Introduction series book on Marx (which usually have good bibliographies) would allow you to quickly expand into more specialized "handbooks" (Oxford, Cambridge, Routledge, Sage) on the subject of Marx and from there into even more technical literature and journal articles. Obviously the deeper you go, the slower things may become depending on the depth you're looking to go.
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- Jun 2023
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Mit der ENI wird zum ersten Mal auch in Italien eine Firma dafür angeklagt, dass sie für mehr Verbrauch von fossilen Brennstoffen warb, obwohl ihr die klimarisiken bereits seit 1970 bekannt waren. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/may/09/italian-oil-firm-eni-lawsuit-alleging-early-knowledge-climate-crisis
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- Mar 2023
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web.archive.org web.archive.org
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Auch das grammatische Verhalten eines Wortes nach Flexion und Rektion ist der Sammlung vollständig zu entnehmen. Und schließlich und vor allen Dingen lag hier der Schlüssel zur Bestimmung der Wortbedeutungen. Statt jeweils ad hoc durch Konjekturen einzelne Textstellen spekulativ zu deuten (das Raten, von dem Erman endlich wegkommen wollte), erlaubte es der Vergleich der verschiedenen Zusammenhänge, in denen ein Wort vorkam, seine Bedeutung durch systematische Eingrenzug zu fixieren oder doch wenigstens anzunähern. Auch in dieser Hinsicht hat sich das Zettelarchiv im Sinne seines Erstellungszwecks hervorragend bewährt.
The benefit of creating such a massive key word in context index for the Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache meant that instead of using an ad hoc translation method (guessing based on limited non-cultural context) for a language, which was passingly familiar, but not their mother tongue, Adolph Erman and others could consult a multitude of contexts for individual words and their various forms to provide more global context for better translations.
Other dictionaries like the Oxford English Dictionary attempt to help do this as well as provide the semantic shift of words over time because the examples used in creating the dictionary include historical examples from various contexts.
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Local file Local file
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Blair, Ann M. “The Rise of Note-Taking in Early Modern Europe.” Intellectual History Review 20, no. 3 (August 4, 2010): 303–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/17496977.2010.492611.
Annotation target: urn:x-pdf:202007e9836543a7b69e7045c81f5965
Hypothes.is: https://hypothes.is/users/chrisaldrich?q=url%3Aurn%3Ax-pdf%3A202007e9836543a7b69e7045c81f5965
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agate.academy agate.academy
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Altfranzösisches etymologisches Wörterbuch : AGATE
I recall that the Oxford English Dictionary was also compiled using a slip box method of sorts, and more interestingly it was a group effort.
Similarly Wordnik is using Hypothes.is to recreate these sorts of patterns for collecting words in context on digital cards.
Many encyclopedias followed this pattern as did Adler's Syntopicon.
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web.archive.org web.archive.org
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When I looked it up in the OED (the Oxford English Dictionary), I discovered to my surprise that it wasn't even in the main volumes but had been added in the Supplement, because the first known written reference in English ("non-fictional wares") occurred in a library journal in 1903. That is to say, "nonfiction" was evidently a term coined by a librarian trying to decide how to label all the works of narrative prose in her collection that weren't fiction, and rather than call them, say, "fact," had thoughtlessly exiled them into the Slough of Non.
According to the Oxford English dictionary, 'non-fiction' was coined in 1903 in a library journal by a librarian attempting to define the opposite of fiction.
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- Nov 2022
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www.digitalmedievalist.com www.digitalmedievalist.com
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Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru The Really Big Welsh dictionary, the Welsh equivalent of the OED
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www.programmableweb.com www.programmableweb.com
- Aug 2022
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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One dose of Pfizer or Oxford jab reduces Covid infection rate by 65% – study. (2021, April 22). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/apr/23/one-dose-of-pfizer-or-oxford-jab-reduces-covid-infection-rate-by-65-study
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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Munro, A. P. S., Janani, L., Cornelius, V., Aley, P. K., Babbage, G., Baxter, D., Bula, M., Cathie, K., Chatterjee, K., Dodd, K., Enever, Y., Gokani, K., Goodman, A. L., Green, C. A., Harndahl, L., Haughney, J., Hicks, A., van der Klaauw, A. A., Kwok, J., … Appleby, K. (2021). Safety and immunogenicity of seven COVID-19 vaccines as a third dose (booster) following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK (COV-BOOST): A blinded, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. The Lancet, S0140673621027173. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02717-3 s
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Pozzetto, B., Legros, V., Djebali, S., Barateau, V., Guibert, N., Villard, M., Peyrot, L., Allatif, O., Fassier, J.-B., Massardier-Pilonchéry, A., Brengel-Pesce, K., Yaugel-Novoa, M., Denolly, S., Boson, B., Bourlet, T., Bal, A., Valette, M., Andrieu, T., Lina, B., … Trouillet-Assant, S. (2021). Immunogenicity and efficacy of heterologous ChadOx1/BNT162b2 vaccination. Nature, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04120-y
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Davis, N. (2021, October 18). Valneva Covid vaccine could be as effective as Oxford jab, study suggests. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/oct/18/valneva-covid-vaccine-could-be-as-effective-as-oxford-jab-study-suggests
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Pritchard, E., Matthews, P. C., Stoesser, N., Eyre, D. W., Gethings, O., Vihta, K.-D., Jones, J., House, T., VanSteenHouse, H., Bell, I., Bell, J. I., Newton, J. N., Farrar, J., Diamond, I., Rourke, E., Studley, R., Crook, D., Peto, T. E. A., Walker, A. S., & Pouwels, K. B. (2021). Impact of vaccination on new SARS-CoV-2 infections in the United Kingdom. Nature Medicine, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01410-w
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Nature Portfolio. (2021, October 15). A study in @NatureMedicine indicates that the effectiveness of the Pfizer/BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infections with symptoms or high viral burden is reduced with the Delta variant compared to the Alpha variant. Https://go.nature.com/3vecpoj https://t.co/XQdnMYguFz [Tweet]. @NaturePortfolio. https://twitter.com/NaturePortfolio/status/1449145321188216836
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- Mar 2022
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Geddes, L., & Sample, I. (2022, March 7). Covid can shrink brain and damage its tissue, finds research. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/07/covid-can-shrink-brain-and-damage-its-tissue-finds-research
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developer.oxforddictionaries.com developer.oxforddictionaries.com
- Nov 2021
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Holder, Josh. ‘Tracking Coronavirus Vaccinations Around the World’. The New York Times, 29 January 2021, sec. World. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/world/covid-vaccinations-tracker.html.
Tags
- vaccine
- world
- countries
- income level
- partially vaccinated
- COVID-19
- vaccine programs
- Covax
- region
- vaccine dose
- government
- fully vaccinated
- unvaccinated
- is:news
- interactive graph
- covid-19 vaccine
- lang:en
- university of oxford
- wealthy countries
- maps
- around the world
- coronavirus
- worldwide
- data
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URL
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- Oct 2021
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Hulme, W. J., Williamson, E. J., Green, A., Bhaskaran, K., McDonald, H. I., Rentsch, C. T., Schultze, A., Tazare, J., Curtis, H. J., Walker, A. J., Tomlinson, L., Palmer, T., Horne, E., MacKenna, B., Morton, C. E., Mehrkar, A., Fisher, L., Bacon, S., Evans, D., … Goldacre, B. (2021). Comparative effectiveness of ChAdOx1 versus BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccines in Health and Social Care workers in England: A cohort study using OpenSAFELY [Preprint]. Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.13.21264937
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- Aug 2021
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Ledford, H. (2021, August 24). COVID vaccines and blood clots: What researchers know so far. Nature. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02291-2?utm_source=twt_nat&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=nature
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Leif Erik Sander. “1/6 Our Study Comparing Reactogenicity & Immunogenicity of Homologous (2xBNT/Pfizer) vs Heterologous (AZ/ChAdOx +BNT) Vaccination Is Available Https://Medrxiv.Org/Content/10.1101/2021.05.19.21257334v2 Great Team Effort @vmcorman #FlorianKurth #DavidHillus #TatjanaSchwarz #PinkusToberLau et al. @ChariteBerlin 🧵 Https://T.Co/4zXfY4rV9c.” Tweet. @Sander_Lab (blog), June 2, 2021. https://twitter.com/Sander_Lab/status/1400178343123853321.
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Nasreen, Sharifa, Hannah Chung, Siyi He, Kevin A. Brown, Jonathan B. Gubbay, Sarah A. Buchan, Deshayne B. Fell, et al. “Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines against Variants of Concern in Ontario, Canada,” July 16, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.28.21259420.
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- Jul 2021
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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the Guardian. “Australian Medical Association Says NSW Covid Lockdown Failing and Urges Change to AstraZeneca Advice,” July 23, 2021. http://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2021/jul/23/australian-medical-association-says-nsw-covid-lockdown-failing-and-urges-change-to-astrazeneca-advice.
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‘Covid: UK Sends Nine Million Vaccines to Vulnerable Countries’. BBC News, 28 July 2021, sec. UK Politics. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-58004934.
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- Jun 2021
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www.newscientist.com www.newscientist.com
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Page, Michael Le. “How Effective Are the Different Vaccines against Covid-19 Variants?” New Scientist. Accessed June 8, 2021. https://institutions.newscientist.com/article/mg25033363-500-how-effective-are-the-different-vaccines-against-covid-19-variants/?utm_campaign=echobox&utm_medium=social&utm_source=Twitter.
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- May 2021
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Vaccine confidence fears as under-30s in UK offered AstraZeneca alternative. (2021, April 7). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/apr/07/under-30s-in-uk-should-be-offered-alternative-covid-vaccine-to-astrazeneca-jab-says-regulator
Tags
- vaccine confidence
- lang:en
- blood clots
- under-30s
- COVID-19
- low risk
- AstraZeneca
- young women
- UK
- Europe
- Oxford
- alternative
- is:news
Annotators
URL
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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More frequent side-effects reported mixing Pfizer and Oxford Covid jabs, study suggests. (2021, May 12). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/may/12/more-frequent-side-effects-reported-mixing-pfizer-and-oxford-covid-jabs-study-suggests
Tags
- vaccine
- medical research
- lang:en
- COVID-19
- infectious disease
- health policy
- vaccination
- Oxford
- side effect
- immunization
- health
- is:news
- Pfizer
Annotators
URL
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Covid vaccine: 96% of Britons develop antibodies after one jab, study finds. (2021, May 18). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/may/18/96-of-britons-develop-antibodies-after-one-covid-jab-study-finds
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Cicely Marston on Twitter. (2020). Twitter. Retrieved 2 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/cicely/status/1352346104633946113
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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the Guardian. ‘Oxford/AstraZeneca Covid Vaccine Research “Was 97% Publicly Funded”’, 15 April 2021. http://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/apr/15/oxfordastrazeneca-covid-vaccine-research-was-97-publicly-funded.
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- Apr 2021
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www.politico.eu www.politico.eu
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Deutsch, J. (2021, April 20). Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine shortfall due to production woes in EU: Documents. POLITICO. https://www.politico.eu/article/astrazeneca-vaccine-shortfall-production-woes-documents/
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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the Guardian. ‘How UK Doctor Linked Rare Blood-Clotting to AstraZeneca Covid Jab’, 13 April 2021. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/apr/13/how-uk-doctor-marie-scully-blood-clotting-link-astrazeneca-covid-jab-university-college-london-hospital.
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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UK’s Covid vaccine programme on track despite AstraZeneca problems | Vaccines and immunisation | The Guardian. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2021, from https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/apr/11/uks-covid-vaccine-programme-on-track-despite-astrazeneca-problems
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Dr Duncan Robertson. ‘The JCVI/MHRA Recommendation to Restrict Oxford/AZ in under-30s in the UK (Where There Is “low” Exposure Risk) Is consistent with the EMA Recommendation Not to Do so in Europe (Where There Is “Medium” or “High” Exposure Risk) Meaning the Risk/Benefit Balance Changes. Https://T.Co/C6SS9oN3Vz’. Tweet. @Dr_D_Robertson (blog), 7 April 2021. https://twitter.com/Dr_D_Robertson/status/1379808945750085643.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Kai Kupferschmidt. ‘“Our Position Has Not Changed”, Says @EMA_News Head Emer Cooke about AZ Vaccine. “According to the Current Scientific Knowledge, There Is No Evidence That Would Support Restricting the Use of This Vaccine in Any Population."’. Tweet. @kakape (blog), 31 March 2021. https://twitter.com/kakape/status/1377268296739913728.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. ‘@sarahflecke “Reports Emerging of Rare Types of Multiple Thrombosis, Bleeding, and Thrombocytopenia .. Similar to Disseminated Intravasc. Coagulation ... in Otherwise Healthy Individuals Shortly after Receiving ..AstraZeneca ..Vaccine. These Outcomes Are Not Included in the Present Analysis.”’ Tweet. @SciBeh (blog), 2 April 2021. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1377984798422077446.
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- Mar 2021
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theconversation.com theconversation.com
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Hale, Thomas. ‘What We Learned from Tracking Every COVID Policy in the World’. The Conversation. Accessed 26 March 2021. http://theconversation.com/what-we-learned-from-tracking-every-covid-policy-in-the-world-157721.
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Local file Local file
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Smith, P. (2021). Interim recommendations for use of the AZD1222 (ChAdOx1-S (recombinant)) vaccine against COVID-19 developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca. WHO.
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www.bmj.com www.bmj.com
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Pimenta, Dominic, Christian Yates, Christina Pagel, and Deepti Gurdasani. ‘Delaying the Second Dose of Covid-19 Vaccines’. BMJ 372 (18 March 2021): n710. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n710.
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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the Guardian. ‘There’s No Proof the Oxford Vaccine Causes Blood Clots. So Why Are People Worried? | David Spiegelhalter’, 15 March 2021. http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/mar/15/evidence-oxford-vaccine-blood-clots-data-causal-links.
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pharmaphorum.com pharmaphorum.com
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EU probes low platelet safety signal with COVID-19 shots -. (n.d.). Retrieved March 17, 2021, from https://pharmaphorum.com/news/eu-experts-call-for-allergic-reaction-safety-update-on-astrazeneca-covid-shot/
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Gaier, Rodrigo Viga. ‘Exclusive: Oxford Study Indicates AstraZeneca Effective against Brazil Variant, Source Says’. Reuters, 5 March 2021. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-variant-exc-idUSKBN2AX1NS.
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- Feb 2021
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hackmd.io hackmd.io
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“Myths about COVID-19 vaccination - HackMD.” Accessed February 19, 2021. https://hackmd.io/ovEzSQWcRp2bctQn8MYElQ#Myths-about-COVID-19-vaccination.
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Herd immunity: A zombie idea and a lethal strategy. (2021, January 21). TheArticle. https://www.thearticle.com/herd-immunity-a-zombie-idea-and-a-lethal-strategy
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www.who.int www.who.int
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Interim recommendations for use of the AZD1222 (ChAdOx1-S (recombinant)) vaccine against COVID-19 developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca. (n.d.). Retrieved 16 February 2021, from https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/WHO-2019-nCoV-vaccines-SAGE_recommendation-AZD1222-2021.1
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. (2021, February 12). RT @NatureNews: The science behind how and when to give vaccines doses. Https://t.co/S75TXESOG9 [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1360489348223893505
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Thompson, B., Baker, N., & Ledford, H. (2021). Coronapod: Is mixing COVID vaccines a good idea? Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-00390-8
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Report of 8% vaccine efficacy for elderly debunked by German government. (14:24:16+00:00). Full Fact. https://fullfact.org/health/german-astrazeneca-8-percent-handelsblatt/
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- Jan 2021
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US pharmacist who tried to ruin Covid vaccine doses is a conspiracy theorist, police say. (2021, January 5). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/04/wisconsin-pharmacist-covid-19-vaccine-doses-steven-brandenburg
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What is vaccine hesitancy and why do so many people have it? (n.d.). Vogue India. Retrieved 13 January 2021, from https://www.vogue.in/wellness/content/what-is-vaccine-hesitancy-and-why-do-so-many-people-have-it
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Zhang, S. (2020, December 1). The Long Haul of Vaccine Results Is Just Beginning. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/12/vaccine-trials-can-still-surprise-us/617247/
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- Dec 2020
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Ledford, H. (2020). Oxford COVID-vaccine paper highlights lingering unknowns about results. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-03504-w
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- Aug 2020
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Joy, Mark, F. D. Richard Hobbs, Dylan McGagh, Oluwafunmi Akinyemi, and Simon de Lusignan. ‘Excess Mortality from COVID-19 in an English Sentinel Network Population’. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 0, no. 0 (4 August 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30632-0.
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Rahman, Md. M., Thill, J.-C., & Paul, K. C. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic Severity, Lockdown Regimes, and People’s Mobility: Evidence from 88 Countries [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/wtdf2
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- Jul 2020
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www.ox.ac.uk www.ox.ac.uk
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Oxford COVID-19 study: Face masks and coverings work – act now | University of Oxford. (n.d.). Retrieved 27 July 2020, from https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2020-07-08-oxford-covid-19-study-face-masks-and-coverings-work-act-now
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- Feb 2020
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niklasblog.com niklasblog.com
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Oxford Book of English Verse
This is the Wikipedia page.
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- Jul 2019
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www.gutenberg.org www.gutenberg.org
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The position of machine products in the civilized scheme of consumption serves to point out the nature of the relation which subsists between the canon of conspicuous waste and the code of proprieties in consumption. Neither in matters of art and taste proper, nor as regards the current sense of the serviceability of goods, does this canon act as a principle of innovation or initiative. It does not go into the future as a creative principle which makes innovations and adds new items of consumption and new elements of cost. The principle in question is, in a certain sense, a negative rather than a positive law. It is a regulative rather than a creative principle. It very rarely initiates or originates any usage or custom directly. Its action is selective only. Conspicuous wastefulness does not directly afford ground for variation and growth, but conformity to its requirements is a condition to the survival of such innovations as may be made on other grounds. In whatever way usages and customs and methods of expenditure arise, they are all subject to the selective action of this norm of reputability; and the degree in which they conform to its requirements is a test of their fitness to survive in the competition with other similar usages and customs.
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bostonreview.net bostonreview.net
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The practices and institutions that govern our daily lives
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- Jan 2019
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www.gutenberg.org www.gutenberg.org
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vicissitudes of fortune
A change of circumstances or fortune, typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant.
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