90 percent of people oppose it. There's no reason existing AI companies should be facing reduced liability
这一民意调查结果揭示了公众与AI公司之间的显著认知差距。尽管90%的伊利诺伊州居民反对减轻AI公司的责任,但OpenAI等公司仍积极推动此类立法,这反映了科技巨头在政策制定过程中的过度影响力,以及民主决策与商业利益之间的紧张关系。
90 percent of people oppose it. There's no reason existing AI companies should be facing reduced liability
这一民意调查结果揭示了公众与AI公司之间的显著认知差距。尽管90%的伊利诺伊州居民反对减轻AI公司的责任,但OpenAI等公司仍积极推动此类立法,这反映了科技巨头在政策制定过程中的过度影响力,以及民主决策与商业利益之间的紧张关系。
90 percent of people oppose it. There's no reason existing AI companies should be facing reduced liability.
令人惊讶的是:伊利诺伊州90%的民众反对AI公司获得责任豁免,这表明公众对AI安全有着强烈的担忧。这种广泛的公众反对与科技公司的游说形成鲜明对比,反映了技术发展与公众安全感知之间的巨大鸿沟。
i commissioned some original polling for my book from abacus research and i found some very hopeful stuff and you know the public gets the emergency and incidentally i've tried to recast 00:12:46 some of the the extreme weather events we've experienced as attacks on our soil let's think about them that way yeah um and they're ready for bold action actually the public is ahead of our politics in terms of that i was surprised to see 00:12:58 that you even mentioned in alberta the numbers are much higher than you so you mentioned quebec before so the the opinion polling nationally ranges from a high in quebec in terms of their readiness fraction right to a low in alberta but even in alberta 00:13:12 the level of support is remarkably high
The popularity of these coffeehouses attracted government interest and were attended by government spies to gather public opinion.
gathering public opinion from Ottoman Coffeehouses
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opinions_(TV_series)
A British talk program on Channel 4 from the 1980s-1990s focused on the opinions of public figures.
A potential precursor to TED talks?
ge majorities in all the countries surveyed – ranging from 60% in Sweden, 63% in Germany and 65% in the UK to 77% in Spain, 79% in France and 81% in Italy – said they were very or fairly worried about climate change and its effects.
Eine YouGov-Umfrage in 7 europäischen Ländern zeigt, dass eine große Mehrheit wegen der globalen Erhitzung besorgt ist und eingreifende Maßnahmen der Regierungen dagegen begrüßt, dass aber zur Zeit nur Minderheiten Veränderungen wie dem Verbot von Verbrennern zustimmen, die deutliche Folgen für ihre Alltagsleben hätten. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/may/02/many-europeans-want-climate-action-but-less-so-if-it-changes-their-lifestyle-shows-poll
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Prof. Christina Pagel 🇺🇦. (2021, December 7). This is what it feels like again https://xkcd.com/2278/ https://t.co/q6XyUTYiPe [Tweet]. @chrischirp. https://twitter.com/chrischirp/status/1468184343399084034
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Garrett, P. M., White, J. P., Lewandowsky, S., Kashima, Y., Perfors, A., Little, D. R., Geard, N., Mitchell, L., Tomko, M., & Dennis, S. (2020). The acceptability and uptake of smartphone tracking for COVID-19 in Australia [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/7tme6
Pandey, E. (n.d.). Remote work won’t kill your office. Axios. Retrieved September 28, 2020, from https://www.axios.com/remote-work-office-space-coronavirus-pandemic-0403db33-a6e4-498b-9650-e108acf33f50.html
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Bartusevicius, H., Bor, A., Jørgensen, F. J., & Petersen, M. B. (2020). The psychological burden of the COVID-19 pandemic drives anti-systemic attitudes and political violence [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ykupt
Satariano, A. (2020, September 23). Young People More Likely to Believe Virus Misinformation, Study Says. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/23/technology/young-people-more-likely-to-believe-virus-misinformation-study-says.html
ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: “having spent a few days looking at ‘debate’ about COVID policy on lay twitter (not the conspiracy stuff, just the ‘we should all be Sweden’ discussions), the single most jarring (and worrying) thing I noticed is that posters seem completely undeterred by self contradiction 1/3” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved September 23, 2020, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1308340430170456064
Natalie Savona: Who is responsible for health behaviour? (2020, September 11). The BMJ. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2020/09/11/natalie-savona-who-is-responsible-for-health-behaviour/
Rogers, S., & Cruickshank, T. (2020). Change in mental health during highly restrictive lockdown in the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Australia. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zutav
Vaughn, L. A., Garvey, C. A., & Chalachan, R. D. (2020). Need Support and Regulatory Focus in Responding to COVID-19 [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/h8tak
Sorokanich, L., Sorokanich, L., & Sorokanich, L. (2020, June 16). Six experts on how we’ll live, work, and play in cities after COVID-19. Fast Company. https://www.fastcompany.com/90506247/six-experts-on-how-well-live-work-and-play-in-cities-after-covid
Thorp, H. H. (2020). Persuasive words are not enough. Science, 368(6498), 1405–1405. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd4085
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Rodriguez, C. G., Gadarian, S. K., Goodman, S. W., & Pepinsky, T. (2020). Morbid Polarization: Exposure to COVID-19 and Partisan Disagreement about Pandemic Response [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/wvyr7
Smeeth, L. (2020, June 8). Without public faith in government actions, the UK will never beat Covid-19 | Liam Smeeth. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jun/08/public-faith-government-policy-covid-19
Marcus, J. (2020, August 15). The Fun Police Should Stand Down. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/08/containing-the-pandemic-isnt-a-job-for-cops/615298/
Dynamics of Social Mobility during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 4, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13376/
Pickup, M., Stecula, D., & van der Linden, C. (2020). Novel coronavirus, old partisanship: COVID-19 attitudes and behaviors in the United States and Canada [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/5gy3d
Vlasceanu, M., & Coman, A. (2020). Information Sources Differentially Trigger Coronavirus-Related Belief Change [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5xkst
Stay-At-Home Orders, Social Distancing and Trust. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 5, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13234/
Neeley, L. (2020, March 31). How to Talk About the Coronavirus. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/03/how-talk-about-coronavirus/609118/
Flat Earth “Science”—Wrong, but not Stupid. (2020, August 22). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8DQSM-b2cc
Horstmann, K. T., Buecker, S., Krasko, J., Kritzler, S., & Terwiel, S. (2020). Who does or does not use the “Corona-Warn-App” and why? [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/e9fu3
Paris, Marseille named as high-risk COVID zones, making curbs likelier. (2020, August 14). Reuters. https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-france-idUKKCN25A0LC
Gettys, T. (n.d.). ‘Listening to experts is elitist’: Idaho Republicans move to strip power from public health officials. Retrieved 12 August 2020, from https://www.rawstory.com/2020/08/listening-to-experts-is-elitist-idaho-republicans-move-to-strip-power-from-public-health-officials/
Mandavilli, A. (2020, July 22). Can You Get Covid-19 Again? It’s Very Unlikely, Experts Say. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/22/health/covid-antibodies-herd-immunity.html
The COVID-19 Crisis and Telework: A Research Survey on Experiences, Expectations and Hopes. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 7, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13229/
Firm-level Expectations and Behavior in Response to the COVID-19 Crisis. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 5, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13253/
Vachuska, K. (2020). Initial Effects of the Coronavirus Pandemic on Racial Prejudice in the United States: Evidence from Google Trends [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/bgpk3
Sevi, S., Aviña, M. M., Péloquin-Skulski, G., Heisbourg, E., Vegas, P., Coulombe, M., Arel-Bundock, V., Loewen, P. J., & Blais, A. (2020). Logarithmic vs. Linear Visualizations of COVID-19 Cases Do Not Affect Citizens’ Support for Confinement [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/h6z4f
Frega, R. (2020). Out of the lockdown: Democratic trust in the management of epidemic crises [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/xcm7y
Basu, A., Roy, A., Hazra, A. K., & Pramanick, K. (2020). Analysis of youths’ perspective in India on and during the pandemic of Covid-19 [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/4qhgd
Yildirim, U. (2020). Disparate Impact Pandemic Framing Decreases Public Concern For Health Consequences [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/rs3va
Haman, M. (2020). The use of Twitter by state leaders and its impact on the public during the COVID-19 pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/u4maf
Aksoy, C. G., Eichengreen, B., & Saka, O. (2020). The Political Scar of Epidemics [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/p25nh
Herzberg-Druker, E., Tali, K., & Yaish, M. (2020). Work and Families in Times of Crisis: The Case of Israel in the Coronavirus Outbreak [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/fxs64
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As Shannon Larratt is interviewing Stalking Cat, he brings up a point that's quite interesting to me, and entirely relevant to the idea of privacy and unwanted celebrity we discussed earlier in this course.
SL: "... uh you do- you do go to a fair number of tattoo conventions, and you must experience at least a minor celebrity status while you're there."
SC: "Well, you know, in fact, I've only been to a couple conventions-"
SL: "I guess- I guess it's just every one you go to, they will always photo you."
SC: "Right, and my pictures have been plastered all over the place, and uh, it, in a way kind of irritates me, because these people're making money off of something I've spent a great deal of time doing, and I haven't gotten a dime out of it."
SL: "Mmhmm."
SC: "But uh, and uh, and they're basically using my picture to get themselves famous."
SL: "Mmhmm."
SC: "Or to get publicised."
SL: "Yeah."
SC: "But again, I did this for me, not for other people."
SL: "Mmhmm."
There's also been a positive side to this, as it encouraged self-expression amongst the public, and while not exactly normalising it, it allowed people who needed to do stuff like this to accept it and go for it. (But not those who are doing it as a trend.)
Malka, A., Lelkes, Y., Bakker, B. N., & Spivack, E. (2020). Who is Open to Authoritarian Governance within Western Democracies? [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/m8ze5
McCullough, M. (2020). Ethical decision making in a pandemic: Where are the voices of vulnerable people? BMJ, 369. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m2406
Corona-Umfrage: Soll der Lockdown weitergehen? (2020, April 15). BR24. https://www.br.de/nachrichten/deutschland-welt/corona-umfrage-soll-der-lockdown-weitergehen,Rw8r84L
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Gencoglu, O., & Gruber, M. (2020). Causal Modeling of Twitter Activity During COVID-19. ArXiv:2005.07952 [Cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.07952
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Duffy, B. (2020, May 26). Coronavirus:growing divisions over the UK government's response. https://www.kcl.ac.uk/policy-institute/assets/coronavirus-growing-divisions-over-uk-government-response.pdf
Oster, E. (2020, May 14). The ‘Just Stay Home’ Message Will Backfire. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/05/just-stay-home-message-will-backfire/611623/
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Abstract
Abstract is a sales pitch and a guide; the authors summarize their entire paper into less than 100~200 words to draw you in and guide you throughout the rest of the paper.
This is a literature review on the relationship between the public opinion and foreign policy. The American public is, largely, regarded as uninterested and unaware of foreign policy. However, here the authors survey the literature and conclude that the public is able to hold a nuanced and coherent view on foreign policy and is able to make a voting decision based on this view.
City officials can actually help if they go out into the streets and ask real people what actually is going on. Something on blogs and on polls arent true, they dont always speak the truth. If they were to go out to communities and build relationships with people, they would have a clearer understanding of what is going on.
Anti-vaccinations groups, for example, have reliedon viral videos to sell the panic of vaccination side-effects
Unfortunately, this is very true. We can say the same about fake news. Such practices can contribute to hurting the validity of the overall data. The Twitter data is not collected with systematic investigation or systematic collection methods. This data collection method heavily relies on “public opinion”. I do think that if one wants to find general public sentiment or general public opinion, this is a great way to do it.
Calling people out using the constructionist ideals — The American government is not living up to their high ideals.
Poetry as a way to express frustration when there is no way to go up against actual US military power. A weapon of the weak; a powerful message.
SB 1070, the 2010 “show me your papers” law that earned Arizona international condemnation and did nothing to resolve real problems with undocumented immigration.
Public opinion matters.
Sad but true: Not all officials who make decisions about public transit actually use public transit.
For once, this isn’t a buried lede.
How’s your film history? When I say, “Fatty Arbuckle,” what comes to mind? The film comedian who raped a girl with a Coke bottle and killed her, right? When you do your homework, you discover not only that there was no Coke bottle, but that Arbuckle had nothing to do with the woman’s death and was fully exonerated in court.
The guy was totally innocent. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roscoe_Arbuckle
There is also the matter of the system that we—the liberal elite—are quietly creating in which all abuse claims are trusted at face value and any questioning of them is subsequently shamed. I understand that a big part of our culture, our rape culture, is founded on ignoring or disbelieving victims and the societal imperative among the sensitive and educated is to correct that. But without scrutiny even where it’s uncomfortable, we are putting justice at grave risk. So are abuse victims, thereby, at grave risk. Weide’s exercise strikes me as morally sound, at heart.
The cases on the subject are collected in a footnote to Somerset Bank v. Edmund, 10 Am. & Eng. Ann. Cas. 726; 76 Ohio St. Rep. 396, the head-note to which reads: "Public policy and sound morals alike forbid that a public officer should demand or receive for services performed by him in the discharge of official duty any other or further remuneration or reward than that prescribed or allowed by law." This rule of public policy has been relaxed only in those instances where the legislature for sufficient public reason has seen fit by statute to extend the stimulus of a reward to the public without distinction, as in the case of United States v. Matthews, 173 U.S. 381, where the attorney-general, under an act for "the detection and prosecution of crimes against the United States," made a public offer of reward sufficiently liberal and generic to comprehend the services of a federal deputy marshal. Exceptions of that character upon familiar principles serve to emphasize the correctness of the rule, as one based upon sound public policy.
1) A public officer cannot demand or receive remuneration or a reward for carrying out the duty of his job as a matter of public policy and morality
2) However, it is not against public policy for a police officer to receive a reward in performance of his legal duty if the legislature passes a statute giving the reward to the public at large in furtherance of some public policy - such as preventing treason against the US.
MINTURN, J. The plaintiff occupied the position of a special police officer, in Atlantic City, and incidentally was identified with the work of the prosecutor of the pleas of the county. He possessed knowledge concerning the theft of certain diamonds and jewelry from the possession of the defendant, who had advertised a reward for the recovery of the property. In this situation he claims to have entered into a verbal contract with defendant, whereby she agreed to pay him $500 if he could procure for her the names and addresses of the thieves. As a result of his meditation with the police authorities the diamonds and jewelry were recovered, and plaintiff brought this suit to recover the promised reward.
The judgment below for that reason must be reversed.
Court reverses decision of lower court in favor of the plaintiff since he was characterized as a public official.