Answerbag (http://www.answerbag.com)

Une révolution cognitive ?

Preprints? What?Alsosometimesreferred to ase-prints, they are digitally-shared,non-peer-reviewed scholarly articles that typically precede publication in a peer-reviewed journal [3]. They have been a part of science since at least the 1960s [4]. In 1990, Tim Berners-Lee created the World Wide Web to help researchers share knowledge easily.

the vision is for a decentralized and open annotation infrastructure

For instance, if an IP address is sent with an ad request (which will be the case with almost any ad request as a consequence of internet protocols), that transmission will not breach any prohibition on sending PII to Google.

Huge web properties were started during this era including Yahoo, Google, Amazon, Facebook, LinkedIn, and YouTube. In the process, the importance of centralized platforms like AOL greatly diminished.

I usually write in Google's online word processor Google Docs, even when noting the company's shortcomings. This article is different: it was drafted in a similar but more private service called Graphite Docs.

The aim has always been to help decentralise the internet and provide a platform that hands control back to users.

it’s clear they’ll vote with their clicks not to be ad-stalked around the Internet too

You can also turn off personalization for your browser by installing the Interest-Based Ads Opt Out extension.

Google is one of many ad networks that personalizes ads based on your activity online. Go to AdChoices to control ads from other ad networks.

Uncheck the box next to "Also use your activity & information from Google services to personalize ads on websites and apps that partner with Google to show ads."

You’ll still see ads (but they may be less useful to you)

It wouldn’t mean an end to being able to target ads online. Contextual targeting doesn’t require personal data — and has been used successfully by the likes of non-tracking search engine DuckDuckGo for years (and profitably so). It would just mean an end to the really creepy, stalkerish stuff. The stuff consumers hate — which also serves up horribly damaging societal effects, given that the mass profiling of internet users enables push-button discrimination and exploitation of the vulnerable at vast scale.

And if people were really cool about sharing their personal and private information with anyone, and totally fine about being tracked everywhere they go and having a record kept of all the people they know and have relationships with, why would the ad tech industry need to spy on them in the first place? They could just ask up front for all your passwords.

From an ad tech perspective, the concern is that manipulation doesn’t work when it’s obvious. And the goal of targeted advertising is to manipulate people’s decisions based on intelligence about them gleaned via clandestine surveillance of their online activity (so inferring who they are via their data). This might be a purchase decision. Equally it might be a vote.

It is required by the GDPR as you must document cookies and online tracking at anytime and you must be able to show that documentation to both your users and the EU.

Consent Model. In the case of GDPR, you must choose the Opt-in. This means that you cannot start tracking people before the consent was given.

there are third-party cookies, such as those placed by advertisers to see what you’re interested in and in turn serve you ads — even when you leave the original site you visited. (This is how ads follow you around the internet.)

todos los partidos tienen Internet en todos los países desarrollados, pero son vías, insisto, unidireccionales de información, para captar la opinión, para convertir simplemente a los ciudadanos en votantes potenciales y para que los partidos obtengan la información para saber cómo ajustar su publicidad. Yo diría que, en este sentido, el problema no es de Internet. El problema es del sistema político y, una vez más, tenemos un leitmotiv de la conferencia que les estoy intentando transmitir, que es la idea de que la sociedad modela a Internet, y no al contrario. Allí donde hay una movilización social, Internet se convierte en un instrumento dinámico de cambio social; allí donde hay burocratización política y política estrictamente mediática de representación ciudadana, Internet es simplemente un tablón de anuncios.

¿Cuál es la lógica específica de la sociabilidad on line? Lo más interesante es la idea de que son comunidades personales, comunidades de personas basadas en los intereses individuales y en las afinidades y valores de las personas. Es decir, en la medida en que se desarrollan en nuestras sociedades proyectos individuales, proyectos de dar sentido a la vida a partir de lo que yo soy y quiero ser, Internet permite esa conexión saltando por encima de los límites físicos de lo cotidiano, tanto en el lugar de residencia como en el lugar de trabajo y genera, por tanto, redes de afinidades

un estudio que acaba de hacer British Telecom, un gran estudio de observación realizado a lo largo de un año en una serie de hogares en los que se utilizaba Internet, que no cambia nada. Es decir, que la gente que hacía lo que hacía, lo sigue haciendo con Internet y a los que les iba bien, les va mucho mejor, y a los que les iba mal, les va igual de mal; el que tenía amigos, los tiene también en Internet y, quien no los tenía, tampoco los tiene con Internet. Es un estudio intelectualmente muy conservador, pero lo cito y les doy la referencia porque es un estudio muy espectacular. Se llama Aquí no pasa nada. Pero sí que pasa. Internet es un instrumento que desarrolla pero no cambia los comportamientos, sino que los comportamientos se apropian de Internet y, por tanto, se amplifican y se potencian a partir de lo que son

Por tanto, la conectividad como elemento de divisoria social está disminuyendo rapidísimamente. Pero lo que sí se observa en aquellas personas, sobre todo estudiantes, niños, que están conectadas, es que aparece un segundo elemento de división social mucho más importante que la conectividad técnica, y es la capacidad educativa y cultural de utilizar Internet. Una vez que toda la información está en la red, una vez que el conocimiento está en la red, el conocimiento codificado, pero no el conocimiento que se necesita para lo que se quiere hacer, de lo que se trata es de saber dónde está la información, cómo buscarla, cómo procesarla, cómo transformarla en conocimiento específico para lo que se quiere hacer. Esa capacidad de aprender a aprender, esa capacidad de saber qué hacer con lo que se aprende, esa capacidad es socialmente desigual y está ligada al origen social, al origen familiar, al nivel cultural, al nivel de educación.

One important aspect of critical social media research is the study of not just ideolo-gies of the Internet but also ideologies on the Internet. Critical discourse analysis and ideology critique as research method have only been applied in a limited manner to social media data. Majid KhosraviNik (2013) argues in this context that ‘critical dis-course analysis appears to have shied away from new media research in the bulk of its research’ (p. 292). Critical social media discourse analysis is a critical digital method for the study of how ideologies are expressed on social media in light of society’s power structures and contradictions that form the texts’ contexts.

Upon the efficient consumption and summarizing of news from around the world. Remember? from when we though the internet would provide us timely, pertinent information from around the world? How do we find internet information in a timely fashion? I have been told to do this through Twitter or Facebook, but, seriously… no. Those are systems designed to waste time with stupid distractions in order to benefit someone else. Facebook is informative in the same way that thumb sucking is nourishing. Telling me to use someone’s social website to gain information is like telling me to play poker machines to fix my financial troubles.. Stop that.

For most of my bookmarks, likes, reads, etc. I use a plugin that scrapes my post and saves a copy of the contents of all the URLs on my page to the Internet Archive so that even in the event of a site death, a copy of the content is saved for me for a later date.

One of the questions that came up during the SPLOT workshop is if there’s a SPLOT for podcasting, which reminded me of this post Adam Croom wrote a while back about his podcasting workflow: “My Podcasting Workflow with Amazon S3.” . We’re always on the look-out for new SPLOTs to bring to the Reclaim masses, and it would be cool to have an example that moves beyond WordPress just to make the point a SPLOT is not limited to WordPress (as much as we love it) —so maybe Adam and I can get the band back together

Google found 1,494 device identifiers in SensorVault, sending them to the ATF to comb through. In terms of numbers, that’s unprecedented for this form of search. It illustrates how Google can pinpoint a large number of mobile phones in a brief period of time and hand over that information to the government

Google found 1,494 device identifiers in SensorVault, sending them to the ATF to comb through. In terms of numbers, that’s unprecedented for this form of search. It illustrates how Google can pinpoint a large number of mobile phones in a brief period of time and hand over that information to the government

В 2017 году количество устройств, подключенных к «интернету вещей», выросло до 8,4 миллиарда. Консалтинговое агентство Forrester прогнозирует, что к концу года более полумиллиона из них взломают. В Университете Иннополис уточняют, что в третьем квартале 2017 года в городской инфраструктуре стали фиксировать на 30 % больше случаев угрозы информационной безопасности. При этом каждый пятый из них оказался критичным. 

Our goal is to make the internet a more free (libre) place and open it for everyone

Netheads vs Bellheads

Differential Effects of Capital-Enhancing and Recreational Internet Use on Citizens’ Demand for Democracy

Is internet freedom a tool for democracy or authoritarianism?

http://ca-political.org/what-we-do/)

Apple descend dans l’arène de la justice européenne, mardi 17 septembre, bien décidé à lutter pendant deux jours d’audience contre la retentissante décision de Bruxelles lui demandant de rembourser 13 milliards d’euros d’avantages fiscaux à l’Irlande.

Internet Reciprocal Teaching Promotes the Five CsCreativity: Students use divergent-thinking skills to generate their own questions and keywords for online searches. Their final projects require them to creatively express their own point of view. Communication: Students share what they learn as they work in small groups and with the whole class. They communicate with a wider audience by posting on a class blog. Collaboration: Students create collaborative knowledge through Internet inquiry and social interactions. They comment on one another's work using technologies such as VoiceThread and support one another through instant messaging. Critical Thinking: When using the Internet, students build the text they read, choosing which links to follow and which to ignore. The nonlinear nature of online reading helps support critical thinking. Students also learn to question the perspective and bias of online sources. Comprehension: Students learn important online reading skills, such as how to distinguish news articles from blog posts and editorials. They carefully read texts they encounter online to understand and evaluate different perspectives.

As the tide shifts from page to screen, students must learn to comprehend evolving texts.

Internet inquiry offered students the opportunity to explore authentic issues while building online reading comprehension skills.

This project differs from the traditional research project in that the focus is on the process of inquiry and not the product of research. Students develop an understanding of how important it is for them to play an active role in their own learning and experience the satisfaction associated with knowing how to question, locate, evaluate, synthesize, and communicate information.

No one gave students a map for Internet inquiry. Students needed a sextant, a tool for navigation, to guide them.

focus is on the process of inquiry

During Phase 3, students work both individually and in small groups at using strategies and skills from the previous phases to develop lines of inquiry around curricular topics. This type of project requires clear questions, multiple reliable sources, citations, and a final product that communicates that information to others.

Phase 2 is a collaborative phase during which both teachers and students conduct think-aloud demonstrations and minilessons. Teacher modeling in the beginning of the phase gives way to student modeling in the latter half. Students take responsibility for teaching their peers a variety of online reading comprehension strategies. Instruction also begins to move from search skills to critical evaluation and synthesis skills. (See a complete checklist of skills.)

Phase 1 centers on computer basics, word processing skills, Web searching, navigation basics, and e-mail.

The gradual release of responsibility to students is central to both approaches

Internet reciprocal teaching, involves problem-based tasks in which readers create their own text. This provides students a path for navigating the Cs of change.

In addition, the rise of the Internet means that teachers must shift how they teach reading and writing

Internet Reciprocal Teaching Promotes the Five Cs

by your student learning objectives, as well as your own technological, pedagogical, and content area knowledge (TPACK) and objectives

“credibility” and “relevance”…but they do understand words like “truthful” and “useful.”

five phases:

ell with Project Based Learning (PBL) initiativ

nterest driven,

The Internet Inquiry Project is an online research project that helps students develop the important digital knowledge and skills needed as they build their web literacies.

In short, once someone is labeled a Nazi on the internet, that person stays a Nazi on the internet.Internet vigilantism has a checkered history.

Jusqu'à 100€ remboursés sur vos frais de résiliation

Rather than simply posting event information on social media, give your followers a task within the post

Wi-Fi in the “White Space”Unused TV spectrum offers libraries potential for rural broadband

PublicAccessPolicyToolkitforLibraries

El44%delosusuariosrealesseconectaainternetenlabiblioteca,loquelaconvierte en el principal sitio de conexión, por encima del hogar y de los centros dedicados de acceso

In his letter, Sir Tim outlined three specific areas of "dysfunction" that he said were harming the web today: malicious activity such as hacking and harassment problematic system design such as business models that reward clickbait unintended consequences, such as aggressive or polarised discussions

While some of these sharing models might have resulted from a need for frugal spending after the global economic recession of 2008, their success was also driven by a growing environmental consciousness combined with the ubiquity of Internet and associated information and communi-cation technologies which make sharing possible at scale.

the learned think they know, or have it in their power to know every thing that it is possible for the human mind to be acquainted with.

Managing and maintaining the privacy and security of your digital identity through behaviors and digital tool settings

What we concluded is that people needed the map to be more approachable, accessible, and applicable for learning and teaching web literacy skills.

They can evaluate web content, and identify what is useful and trustworthy

1) develop more educators, advocates, and community leaders who can leverage and advance the web as an open and public resource, and 2) impact policies and practices to ensure the web remains a healthy open and public resource for all.

machine intelligence

Recently, toys have become more interactive than ever before. The emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) makes toys smarter and more communicative: they can now interact with children by "listening" to them and respond accordingly. While there is little doubt that these toys can be highly entertaining for children and even possess social and educational benefits, the Internet of Toys (IoToys) raises many concerns.

RAW THOUGHTRAWNRVEEINSIDE THE MIND OF AARON SWAR

Another line of reasoning has been that internet is a minority of the pop-ulation. This is true; even as late as 2009, the internet was limited to a small minority of households in the Middle East.

Ensure everyone can connect to the internet

The Importance of Interaction in Web-Based Education: A Program-level Case Study of Online MBA Courses

Transformation for adults in an Internet-based learningenvironment—is it necessary to be self-directed?

I think the internet's core message can be summed up in one word: Share.

health of the Internet.

Trump’s digital strategy, Singer and Brooking argue, is not unlike militant groups and street gangs that leverage the viral web to tell a compelling story about policy, religious dogma, or their own perceived fearsomeness, all in an engaging voice, while repeatedly targeting exactly the right audience to trigger a dopamine response or sheer terror, both online and IRL. "To 'win' the internet, one must learn how to fuse these elements of narrative, authenticity, community, and inundation," Singer and Brooking write. "And if you can 'win' the internet, you can win silly feuds, elections, and deadly serious battles."

In 1968, two psychologists wrote a paper theorizing that computers could become communications devices. The US Department of Defense ran with the idea, and in 1969 the precursor of the internet as we know it today, the military-operated ARPANET, went live. The National Science Foundation took over in the 1980s before business began to dominate in the 90s, at which point, things started to grow in exponential leaps. There were 28,000 internet users in 1987, according to Singer and Brooking. Today, there are billions.

Trump's unlikely rise to the White House was symptomatic of social, political, and technological trends decades in the making—trends that gave rise to the internet and social media and which, in turn, transformed the way we control, spy on, and kill each other.

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mediatheques

Borger.dk is an Internet portal for the citizens of Denmark. Here you can find different self-services and get information on issues regarding the public authorities. 

I used to think that showing someone how wrong they were on the internet could fix the world. I said a lot of stupid things when I believed that.

Don’t internet angry. If you’re angry, internet later.

It helped me learn a lesson: Be damn sure when you make angry statements.

The Practice of Change Joi's Keio University Graduate School of Media and Governance PhD Dissertation.

"Putin was never very fond of the internet even in the early 2000s," said Andrei Soldatov, a Russian investigative journalist who specializes in security services and cyber issues. "When he was forced to think about the internet during the protests, he became very suspicious, especially about social networks. He thinks there's a plot, a Western conspiracy against him. He believes there is a very dangerous thing for him and he needs to put this thing under control."

"There's no paradox here. It's two sides of the same coin," Igor Ashmanov, a Russian internet entrepreneur known for his pro-government views, told BuzzFeed. "The Kremlin is weeding out the informational field and sowing it with cultured plants. You can see what will happen if they don't clear it out from the gruesome example of Ukraine."

In the IRT model the gradual release of responsibility is accomplished through three phases of online research and comprehension instruction which aims “to increase academic engagement, encourage active reading, and promote students as experts in online research and comprehension”

Students collaboratively (with the instructor) identify an area of interest and co-construct a driving question to guide inquiry. Students engage in online collaborative inquiry as they search and sift through online texts using digital tools to address their focus of inquiry. Students critically evaluate online information by considering the credibility (truthfulness) and validity (usefulness) of the information obtained. Students synthesize what they have learned during their online inquiry by actively curating and synthesizing information across multiple, multimodal sources. Student engage in online content construction by synthesizing what they have learned and selecting the best digital text or tool before sharing this answer.

When it comes to democracy and human rights, a Jeffersonian internet is clearly a safer choice. With Web 3.0 still in its infancy, the West at least will need to find other ways to rein in the online giants. The obvious alternative is regulation.

Ian O’Byrne, an assistant professor of education at the College of Charleston, wrote, “As an educator and researcher who studies these digital places and tools, I’m in front of screens a lot. I experiment and play in these spaces. I’m also writing and researching the impact of these screens and their impact on the well-being of others as it relates to children and adolescents. The problem in this is that one of the other hats that I wear is as a parent and husband. I am not only critical of my engagement and use of these digital technologies, but I’m also cautious/cognizant of their role as a mediator in my relationships with my children and significant other. These screens and digital tools play a strong role in our lives and interactions in and out of our home. In our home we have screens and devices all over the place. We have a video server that is ready to serve content to any one of these screens on demand. We have voice-assistive devices listening and waiting for our commands. I believe it is important as an educator and researcher to play with and examine how these devices are playing a role in our lives, so I can bring this work to others. Even with these opportunities, I’m still struck by times when technology seems too intrusive. This is plainly evident when I’m sitting with my family and watching a television show together, and I’m gazing off into my device reading my RSS feed for the day. Previously I would enjoy watching the funniest home videos and laughing together. Now, I am distant. The first thing in the morning when I’m driving my kids in to school and stop at a red light, previously I would enjoy the time to stop, listen to the radio, look at the clouds or bumper stickers on cars around me. Now, I pull out the phone to see if I received a notification in the last 20 minutes. When I call out for the voice-activated device in my home to play some music or ask a question, my request is quickly echoed by my 2-year-old who is just learning to talk. She is echoing these conversations I’m having with an artificial intelligence. I’m trying to weigh this all out in my mind and figure what it means for us personally. The professional understanding may come later.”

HaciaelReporteGlobal2018

En los cincuenta años que siguieron a la introducción de la imprenta no hubo evi-dencias significativas de cambio cultural

Internet Governance Initiatives in Latin America

Spector is mijn bijdrage voor een respectvoller internet!

The digital world’s emphasis on speed inhibits reflection

internet’s purpose is to ratify knowledge

Tudo começou como um site de namoro há 13 anos. O que hoje conhecemos como o YouTube surgiu como um espaço para homens e mulheres compartilharem vídeos contando quem eram e o que buscavam no amor. Seus criadores, Steve Chen, Chad Hurley e Jawed Karim, registraram o nome do portal no Dia de São Valentim, o dia dos namorados em diversos países do mundo, em 2005. Em 23 de abril daquele ano, Karim publicou o primeiro vídeo do YouTube, intitulado "Eu no zoológico", um clipe de meros 18 segundos que não era nada romântico. "Bem, estamos aqui, em frente aos elefantes. O legal desses caras é que eles têm trombas muito, muito, muito grandes. Isso é legal. E é basicamente o que tenho a dizer." Não levou muito tempo para que os rapazes vissem que sua ideia havia sido um fracasso. Mas nem tudo estava perdido. Eles se deram conta que tinham em mãos uma plataforma valiosa em uma época em que publicar vídeos caseiros na internet começava a decolar. Nesse momento, o trio resolveu acabar com o lado romântico do negócio e aceitar qualquer tipo de vídeo no portal, explicou Chen há alguns anos em uma conferência no Texas. E isso se provou um grande acerto. Um ano depois, em outubro de 2006, os três fecharam o negócio de suas vidas ao vender o site para o Google por US$ 1,65 bilhão (à época, o equivalente a R$ 3,55 bilhões). Hoje, o YouTube tem mais de 1 bilhão de usuários em 88 países e 76 idiomas, segundo o Google. A chegada ao Vale do Silício Os três cofundadores do YouTube não têm origens em comum, mas seus caminhos se cruzaram ao sair da universidade. Chen nasceu em 1978 em Taiwan. Quando era adolescente, se mudou com a família para os Estados Unidos, onde se formou na Universidade de Illinois. Karim também é imigrante. Nasceu em 1979 na então Alemanha Oriental e chegou com a família aos Estados Unidos no início da década de 1990, onde estudou na mesma universidade de Chen. Hurley nasceu no Estado da Pensilvânia em 1977 e estudou na Universidade de Indiana. O trio se conheceu em 1999 em seu primeiro dia como funcionários do site de pagamentos PayPal no Vale do Silício, na Califórnia. Como engenheiros, Chen ajudou a desenvolver o serviço, enquanto Karim trabalhou no seu sistema antifraudes. Hurley, formado em Belas Artes, colaborou com o desenho da interface de uso do portal. Em 2005, eles criaram a primeira versão do YouTube. Novos negócios Os três continuaram como executivos do YouTube após a venda, mas, com o passar dos anos, saíram da empresa para empreender novamente. Chen e Hurley se uniram em 2011 para fundar a AVOS Systems, uma empresa que ajuda a desenvolver aplicativos para celulares e serviços online. Também se envolveram novamente no mercado de vídeos com dois programas, o Mixbit, que facilita a edição de clipes, e o Wanpai, para compartilhar vídeos curtos. Também estiveram à frente, entre 2011 e 2014, da plataforma Delicious, um dos serviços pioneiros para salvar e gerenciar links, mas que já não existe mais. Chen ainda faz parte da Google Ventures, um braço da Alphabet, a matriz do Google, dedicada a investimentos em novos negócios. Ele já atuou como consultor para diversas companhias, segundo a Bloomberg. Hurley também integrou a Google Ventures, mas deixou a companhia. Atualmente, segue na AVOS como diretor-executivo. Seus negócios se expandiram para a área de esportes, e ele se tornou membro da diretoria da equipe de basquete Golden State Warriors e um dos donos do time de futebol Los Angeles FC. O discreto Jawed Karim Apesar de ser o primeiro rosto que apareceu no YouTube, Karim mantém um perfil bem mais discreto em seus negócios, sem muitas aparições públicas. Depois de participar do conselho do YouTube, ele criou em 2008 sua própria empresa, a Youniversity Ventures, para ajudar universitários a tirar suas ideias de negócios do papel. Atualmente, é conselheiro da TokBox, empresa dona da plataforma de vídeos e mensagens OpenTok. Também é sócio do fundo Sequoia Capital, que teve entre seus clientes o próprio YouTube em 2005 e que já investiu em empresas como Google, Apple, Yahoo!, LinkedIn, Cisco, Airbnb e Atari.