- May 2020
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www.themarginalian.org www.themarginalian.org
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Be generous with your time and your resources and with giving credit and, especially, with your words.
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gitlab.com gitlab.com
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Having to rebase and cleanup the commits while actively working on something is time and attention consuming.
I'm not sure how I feel about that. Usually I'd say it's worth it to do it periodically, even while you're working on it. Just not obsessive compulsively to the point that it is distracting from actual work.
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Good commit hygiene in general is a tough thing to enforce. It requires manual labor and descipline, from both the author and the reviewer.
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If we can encourage people to create clean commits as they go, the example as you showed above should be far less common, because cleaning up such history as an after-math is most of the time almost impossible.
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Vespignani, A., Tian, H., Dye, C. et al. Modelling COVID-19. Nat Rev Phys (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-020-0178-4
Tags
- challenge
- forecast
- COVID-19
- transmission dynamics
- China
- public health
- policy
- complex network
- is:article
- lang:en
- war time
- isolation
- mathematics
- computational modeling
- quarentine
- superspreading
- containment measures
- open data
- emergency
- intervention
- contact tracing
- antibody testing
- modeling
- infection
- epidemiology
- prediction
- pharmaceutical
Annotators
URL
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ai.googleblog.com ai.googleblog.com
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Tsitsulin, A. & Perozzi B. Understanding the Shape of Large-Scale Data. (2020 May 05). Google AI Blog. http://ai.googleblog.com/2020/05/understanding-shape-of-large-scale-data.html
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complianz.io complianz.io
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This form uses ReCaptcha. Before sending the form, please accept cookies before sending the form
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www.termsfeed.com www.termsfeed.com
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One of the GDPR's principles of data processing is storage limitation. You must not store personal data for longer than you need it in connection with a specified purpose.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci en Twitter: “RT @ce_pickles: @reformthinktank has called for JRS to allow part-time working– i.e. employer pays worked hours, the scheme non-worked hour…” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved May 7, 2020, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1258281846292578304
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Cellini, N., Canale, N., Mioni, G., & Costa, S. (2020, April 11). Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time, and digital media use during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/284mr
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Runkle, J., Michael, K., Stevens, S., & Sugg, M. (2020, April 15). Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of Text-based Crisis Patterns in Youth following Hurricane Florence in the Carolinas, 2018. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/auq5x
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Droit-Volet, S., GIL, S., Martinelli, N., Andant, N., Clinchamps, M., Parreira, L., … Dutheil, F. (2020, May 1). PONE-D-20-12336. Time and Covid-19 stress in the lockdown situation: Time Free, Dying of Boredom and Sadness. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/efdq5
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Modi, C., Boehm, V., Ferraro, S., Stein, G., & Seljak, U. (2020). Total COVID-19 Mortality in Italy: Excess Mortality and Age Dependence through Time-Series Analysis. MedRxiv, 2020.04.15.20067074. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.15.20067074
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Olthof, M., Hasselman, F., & Lichtwarck-Aschoff, A. (2020, May 1). Complexity In Psychological Self-Ratings: Implications for research and practice. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/fbta8
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Orben, A. (2020, April 30). The Sisyphean Cycle of Technology Panics. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/dqmju
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- Apr 2020
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www.cnbc.com www.cnbc.com
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It would be a full-time job to protect your privacy in a notice and consent model.”
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iapp.org iapp.org
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the cost of reading consent formats or privacy notices is still too high.
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www.nejm.org www.nejm.org
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El-Sadr, W. M., & Justman, J. (2020). Africa in the Path of Covid-19. New England Journal of Medicine, 0(0), null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2008193
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github.com github.com
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One of the drawbacks of waiting until someone signs in again to check their password is that a user may simply stay signed in for a long time without signing out. I suppose that could be an argument in favor of limiting the maximum duration of a session or remember-me token, but as far as user experience, I always find it annoying when I was signed in and a website arbitrarily signs me out without telling me why.
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Other sites could absolutely spend time crawling for new lists of breached passwords and then hashing and comparing against their own. However this is an intensive process and I'm sure both Facebook and Google have a team dedicated to account security with functions like this.
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Wang, T., Chen, X., Zhang, Q., & Jin, X. (2020, April 26). Use of Internet data to track Chinese behavior and interest in COVID-19. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/j6m8q
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Rafiei, F., & Rahnev, D. (2020, April 9). Does the diffusion model account for the effects of speed-accuracy tradeoff on response times?. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/bhj85
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www.covid19healthsystem.org www.covid19healthsystem.org
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Liu, D., Clemente, L., Poirier, C., Ding, X., Chinazzi, M., Davis, J. T., Vespignani, A., & Santillana, M. (2020). A machine learning methodology for real-time forecasting of the 2019-2020 COVID-19 outbreak using Internet searches, news alerts, and estimates from mechanistic models. ArXiv:2004.04019 [Cs, q-Bio, Stat]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.04019
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www.scientificamerican.com www.scientificamerican.com
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Kwon, D. (2020 March 19). Near Real-Time Studies Look for Behavioral Measures Vital to Stopping Coronavirus. Scientific American.
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Punn, N. S., Sonbhadra, S. K., & Agarwal, S. (2020). COVID-19 Epidemic Analysis using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms [Preprint]. Health Informatics. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.08.20057679
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keepass.info keepass.info
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Data Erasure and Storage Time The personal data of the data subject will be erased or blocked as soon as the purpose of storage ceases to apply. The data may be stored beyond that if the European or national legislator has provided for this in EU regulations, laws or other provisions to which the controller is subject. The data will also be erased or blocked if a storage period prescribed by the aforementioned standards expires, unless there is a need for further storage of the data for the conclusion or performance of a contract.
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www.troyhunt.com www.troyhunt.com
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I'm not your personal lookup service And finally, for everyone who contacts me privately and says "but could you just look up my own password", please understand that you're one of many people who ask this. I try and reply to everyone who asks and politely refer them to my previous writing on the subject, but even then, all the time I spend replying to these requests is time I can't spend building out the service, adding more data, earning a living doing other things or spending time with my family. For the last 3 and a half years that I've run HIBP, I've kept all the same features free and highly available as a community service. I want to keep it that way but I have to carefully manage my time in order to do that so in addition to all the reasons already stated above, no, I'm not your personal lookup service.
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queue.acm.org queue.acm.org
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it is far preferable to spend your engineering effort on innovation than it is to build bigger walls and stronger doors that prevent users from leaving
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Annotators
URL
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sunsama.com sunsama.comSunsama1
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quickbooks.intuit.com quickbooks.intuit.com
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Enter a single time activity timesheetLearn how to enter a single timesheet in your QuickBooks Online. This is useful for your business when entering or editing a single day or event at a time. If you need to enter a weekly timesheet, get more help here. Note: Timesheets only allow a single hourly rate. If you need to enter multiple hourly rates, you can sign up for a QBO Payroll subscription. What you should do? Select + New. Select Single time activity. Enter the date the activity occurred in the Date field.Note: The current date is automatically entered on the date field, but you can change it if necessary. From the dropdown ▼, select the name of the employee or vendor. For each type of activity, enter an activity line: Choose a customer from the dropdown ▼ if you want to bill the activity to the customer or track expenses for the customer. Complete the following optional fields.Note: If you don't see the fields, they are turned off. You can turn them on by going to your Account and Settings. Service: If you use the services to enter time, choose a service that represents the activity. Class Location Enter a description of the activity.Note: If the activity is billed to a customer, the description appears on their invoice, depending on your company settings. If you select an item from the optional Service field, text for the description appears automatically. Select the Billable checkbox if you want to bill the activity to the customer. Enter a rate per hour. Select Taxable if applicable. Note: Turn on this option, Go to Settings ⚙, then select the Make time activities billable checkbox. Enter the number of hours and minutes worked in the Time field.Note: Enter the Enter start and end times checkbox to enter the work started, ended and the amount of time taken for Break. Select Save.
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jamanetwork.com jamanetwork.com
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The duration of hospitalization before testing was longer in patients with cardiac injury than those without cardiac injury (median [range] time, 3 [1-15] days vs 2 [1-8] days; P < .001).
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austinkleon.com austinkleon.com
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Like most parents, I angst about giving the kids too much screen time, but Garageband has taught me: Not all screen time is created equal. The right piece of software matched with a child’s natural proclivities and talents and passion can yield complete gold.
Interesting quote in regards to Corrie Barclay's post on challanges and screen time.
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drive.google.com drive.google.com
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God gave the world to men in common; but since He gave itthem for their benefit,
Drawing from the primary source questions, I think this source was typical of the time period in its essence. Though it contradicts the government by giving credit to members of the Enlightenment, I think the use of God as a way to justify his philosophy of the world was a commonality to the time period.
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- Mar 2020
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techcrunch.com techcrunch.com
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it’s clear they’ll vote with their clicks not to be ad-stalked around the Internet too
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blogs.scientificamerican.com blogs.scientificamerican.com
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brunobernardino.com brunobernardino.com
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I've helped over a million people be more intentional about their time.
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Annotators
URL
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www.forbes.com www.forbes.com
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Even one day a week out of the office might allow each employee to see their work in a new light.
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dmv.ny.gov dmv.ny.gov
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DMV / Make a reservation Current Page
scheduling a service reservation, appointment
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www.osano.com www.osano.com
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We encourage all of our team members to take the time they need to recoup and refresh as much as they need.
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Annotators
URL
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- Feb 2020
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about.gitlab.com about.gitlab.com
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Someone who took the afternoon off shouldn't feel like they did something wrong. You don't have to defend how you spend your day. We trust team members to do the right thing instead of having rigid rules. Do not incite competition by proclaiming how many hours you worked yesterday. If you are working too many hours talk to your manager to discuss solutions.
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about.gitlab.com about.gitlab.com
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Time away from work It's important to clarify that being able to work from anywhere does not replace the need to take time off of work. We recognize how crucial it is to build in time where you can mentally take a break from your work, and as a company, we encourage our team members to do that. Learn more about how time off works at GitLab.
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about.gitlab.com about.gitlab.com
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Slack messages should be considered asynchronous communication, and you should not expect an instantaneous response; you have no idea what the other person is doing.
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If you must send a work-related private message, don't start a conversation with "Hi" or "Hey" as that interrupts their work without communicating anything. If you have a quick question, just ask the question directly
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Business Film BoothSubscribe1.3KSubscribed1.3KShareInclude playlistAn error occurred while retrieving sharing information. Please try again later.Switch camera0:001:330:31 / 1:33LiveScroll for details How and why to add timestamp links to your videos description
Time Stamp
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blog.loadimpact.com blog.loadimpact.com
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Some are not bad, others have a bit too many quirks and probably justify a bit of ranting for having wasted part of my life
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gsantner.net gsantner.net
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There are two things that you can help me out: time and motivation. This is the place where you can find out how to do that.
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I do develop Open-Source Software during leisure time, for free and whenever I have enough time, energy and motivation for it.
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github.com github.com
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This project is maintained for free by these people using both their free time and their company work time.
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- Jan 2020
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www.statista.com www.statista.com
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Warehousing and storage revenue in the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2022
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drewdevault.com drewdevault.com
- Dec 2019
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toggl.com toggl.com
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unix4lyfe.org unix4lyfe.orgTime11
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if you care at all about storing timestamps in MySQL, store them as integers and use the UNIX_TIMESTAMP() and FROM_UNIXTIME() functions.
MySQL does not store offset
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The system clock is inaccurate. You're on a network? Every other system's clock is differently inaccurate.
System clocks are inaccurate
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A time format without an offset is useless.
Always use timezone offset
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If you want to store a humanly-readable time (e.g. logs), consider storing it along with Unix time, not instead of Unix time.
Logs should be stored along with Unix time
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When storing a timestamp, store Unix time. It's a single number.
Store Unix timestamps (single numbers)
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Most of your code shouldn't be dealing with timezones or local time, it should be passing Unix time around.
Most of your code should use Unix time
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Unix time: Measured as the number of seconds since epoch (the beginning of 1970 in UTC). Unix time is not affected by time zones or daylight saving
Unix time - # of seconds since 1970 in UTC
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GMT is still used: it's the British national timezone in winter. In summer it becomes BST.
GMT and BST in Britain
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Australian Eastern Standard Time is UTC+1000. e.g. 10:00 UTC is 20:00 EST on the same day.
Example of UTC offset
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GMT: UTC used to be called Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) because the Prime Meridian was (arbitrarily) chosen to pass through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich.
GMT - previous name of UTC
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UTC: The time at zero degrees longitude (the Prime Meridian) is called Coordinated Universal Time (UTC is a compromise between the French and English initialisms)
UTC
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frankensteinvariorum.github.io frankensteinvariorum.github.io
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August 26th, 17—.
It is now seven days since Walton's first letter to his sister (Vol. 1, Letter IV), although whether the year ought to be considered 1797 or 1799 is an ongoing debate. The date given in the Draft is August 13, before the date of Walton's last letter, so was revised here.
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github.com github.com
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Unlike similar tools that are scheduled to take backups at a fixed time of the day, Timeshift is designed to run once every hour and take snapshots only when a snapshot is due. This is more suitable for desktop users who keep their laptops and desktops switched on for few hours daily. Scheduling snapshots at a fixed time on such users will result in missed backups since the system may not be running when the snapshot is scheduled to run. By running once every hour and creating snapshots when due, Timeshift ensures that backups are not missed.
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If you need a tool to backup your documents and files please take a look at the excellent BackInTime application which is more configurable and provides options for saving user files.
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Timeshift is similar to applications like rsnapshot, BackInTime and TimeVault but with different goals.
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github.com github.com
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Annotators
URL
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github.com github.com
- Nov 2019
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github.com github.com
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I started this project mainly to explore using a React Native app to build React Native apps. There is a lot missing... I had to abandon while it was in progress since I don't have as much free time any more.
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whitepaper.audius.co whitepaper.audius.co
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Pro-posals also include a block count at which point they gointo eect; this eectiveness date must be at least 1 weekin the future at time of proposal submission to give usersample time to review and vote on the proposal.
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Annotators
URL
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a-little-book-of-r-for-time-series.readthedocs.io a-little-book-of-r-for-time-series.readthedocs.io
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This booklet itells you how to use the R statistical software to carry out some simple analyses that are common in analysing time series data.
what is time series?
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about.gitlab.com about.gitlab.com
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www.innoarchitech.com www.innoarchitech.com
- Oct 2019
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stackoverflow.blog stackoverflow.blog
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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not suitable for process control in wastewater treatment and the real-time monitoring of water environments, such as rivers, streams, ponds, and ground water
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kevinmontrose.com kevinmontrose.com
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The value of uninterrupted time to devote to development is hard to overstate, and if I continue I won’t have that. So I couldn’t expect to be nearly as productive, which makes the whole thing less attractive — I’m one of those people who derives a lot of enjoyment from making tangible progress.
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Each year the winner is crowned with great fanfare at Eastwood Shopping Centre, which is owned by Yuhu Group, the company founded by billionaire property developer and political donor Huang Xiangmo.
A suggestive paragraph that may have had currency at the time you put together the story - but really, pretty much irrelevant.
With all this unnecessary detail - it's no wonder you never got round to the teeny weeny task of counterbalancing the grand crusade of George Simon to put an end to to the event, with the fact that it failed. Spectacularly!
And if you had just a bit more time, you probably would have been able to also include there was another similar attempt prior to his, from one of his factional colleagues, that was also punted by council.
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psc-cuny.org psc-cuny.org
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Currently, untenured librarians get 30 days ( 6 weeks) of research leave in an academic year for five years. Can someone explain how this will change in the new contract. I am so sorry to ask this question. It is very confusing to me. Thank you.
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www.iste.co.uk www.iste.co.uk
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Time and Dynamics
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- Sep 2019
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link.springer.com link.springer.com
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Variation in Rates of Fatal Police Shootings across US States:the Role of Firearm Availability
Hello! This article is about the relationship between firearm prevalence (the IV) and the rates of fatal police shootings (the DV). The authors hypothesize that the greater the prevalence of firearms, the grater the rates of fatal police shooting.
This article follows the classical structure of social science research -- abstract, introduction, literature review/theory, research design, findings, and conclusions.
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github.com github.com
- Aug 2019
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bafybeieioeskrvqzljn73hlehsg3vizm7mxxabejyocgaxiqkk2iix74wa.ipfs.w3s.link bafybeieioeskrvqzljn73hlehsg3vizm7mxxabejyocgaxiqkk2iix74wa.ipfs.w3s.link
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We shall not cease from exploration, and the end of all our exploring will be to arrive where we started, and know the place for the first time
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- Jul 2019
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xolotl.org xolotl.org
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at any time, in any place
Huge thanks to Maha Bali for reminding me to make this point about annotation's capabilities to extend reading across time and space.
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www.artofmanliness.com www.artofmanliness.com
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It is not really a trifling effort, as those will discover who have yet to essay it. To “clear” even seven hours and a half from the jungle is passably difficult. For some sacrifice has to be made. One may have spent one’s time badly, but one did spend it; one did do something with it, however ill-advised that something may have been. To do something else means a change of habits. And habits are the very dickens to change! Further, any change, even a change for the better, is always accompanied by drawbacks and discomforts. If you imagine that you will be able to devote seven hours and a half a week to serious, continuous effort, and still live your old life, you are mistaken. I repeat that some sacrifice, and an immense deal of volition, will be necessary. And it is because I know the difficulty, it is because I know the almost disastrous effect of failure in such an enterprise, that I earnestly advise a very humble beginning. You must safeguard your self-respect. Self-respect is at the root of all purposefulness, and a failure in an enterprise deliberately planned deals a desperate wound at one’s self-respect. Hence I iterate and reiterate: Start quietly, unostentatiously.
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What I suggest is that at six o’clock you look facts in the face and admit that you are not tired (because you are not, you know), and that you arrange your evening so that it is not cut in the middle by a meal. By so doing you will have a clear expanse of at least three hours. I do not suggest that you should employ three hours every night of your life in using up your mental energy. But I do suggest that you might, for a commencement, employ an hour and a half every other evening in some important and consecutive cultivation of the mind. You will still be left with three evenings for friends, bridge, tennis, domestic scenes, odd reading, pipes, gardening, pottering, and prize competitions. You will still have the terrific wealth of forty-five hours between 2 p.m. Saturday and 10 a.m. Monday. If you persevere you will soon want to pass four evenings, and perhaps five, in some sustained endeavour to be genuinely alive. And you will fall out of that habit of muttering to yourself at 11.15 p.m., “Time to be thinking about going to bed.” The man who begins to go to bed forty minutes before he opens his bedroom door is bored; that is to say, he is not living.
How to handle post work day
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- Jun 2019
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iphysresearch.github.io iphysresearch.github.io
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MelNet: A Generative Model for Audio in the Frequency Domain
本文的主要贡献如下:
提出了 MelNet。一个语谱图的生成模型,它结合了细粒度的自回归模型和多尺度生成过程,能够同时捕获局部和全局的结构。
展示了 MelNet 在长程依赖性上卓越的性能。
展示了 MelNet 在多种音频生成任务上优秀的能力:无条件语音生成任务、音乐生成任务、文字转语音合成任务。而且在这些任务上,MelNet 都是端到端的实现。
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Shoshana Zuboff writes about George Orwell and surveillance capitalism.
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- May 2019
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medium.com medium.com
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Не пытайся обменивать свое время на деньги. Меняй его на фан, профессиональный рост и самореализацию. Прямая конвертация труда в деньги обычно происходит по не самому выгодному курсу. Гораздо эффективнее вкладывать эти часы в обучение тому чего ты раньше делать не умел, и в будущем продавать уже эти умения по сильно большему ценнику.
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URL
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- Apr 2019
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This article talks about the challenges of developing for VR and the extra work involved over creating traditional games. It looks at the main areas of difficulty that come with virtual reality development and then presents what solutions developers are coming up with to overcome those challenges. Some of the challenges are familiar to developers, such as trying to obtain a high frame rate, but have new angles that need to be considered such as wider viewing angles and lower latency. The article covers eight main technical challenges and then dives into the solutions that developers are applying to these challenges. The author wraps up the article by stating some of the concerns about virtual reality and that some may consider it just a novelty. Overall though, he feels as if virtual reality is a huge leap in technology and is one that developers should start working on it.
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- Mar 2019
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www.shiftelearning.com www.shiftelearning.com
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is your company embracing just in time learning This article, by shift learning (a credible if not foremost publisher) lists benefits of just in time learning. Among those are the ability to provide up to date and easily accessed information. They argue that it creates more engaged employees but do not provide data to support this argument. rating 3/5
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wp0.vanderbilt.edu wp0.vanderbilt.edu
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just in time teaching This article provides practice strategies by which one can use just in time teaching. This was authored for use in higher education environments but can easily be used in other settings. It appears to have practical use. rating 5/5
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www.growthengineering.co.uk www.growthengineering.co.uk
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what is just in time learning: build an engagement engine This article helps professional developers strategize about the use of just in time learning. Some of the tips are unsurprising while others offer new ideas. It is a quick read and useful for ideas for professional developers. rating 5/5
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elearningindustry.com elearningindustry.com
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10 awesome ways to use mobile learning for employee training This is an article about strategies and applications of mobile learning for employee development. A number of ideas are presented. I lack the knowledge base to evaluate the soundness, novelty, etc. of these ideas. There are screen shots and they are interesting enough but give only a limited idea of the concept being discussed. rating 3/5
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www.talentlms.com www.talentlms.com
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Using Just in Time Training for Active Learning in The Workplace
This does not necessarily seem to be of top quality but it is the only item I have found so far that addresses just in time training specifically within healthcare. It does not do so in great depth. It does briefly address technology and mobile learning but not in a way that is tremendously insightful. rating 2/2
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www.efrontlearning.com www.efrontlearning.com
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Time Training (and the Best Practices
What is just in time training This is an introductory and brief article that relates to just in time training. It describes the conditions needed to bring about adoption of this process. I am not in a position to evaluate the content but the ideas seem useful. rating 4/5
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www.edsurge.com www.edsurge.com
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This article explains just in time learning (such as that which can be done via devices) within the context of higher education. My interest is in public health education, but at this moment, I am not sure how much I can narrow in on that topic, so I will save this for now. This is obviously not a scholarly article but is of some interest nonetheless. rating 2/5
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www.allisonrossett.com www.allisonrossett.com
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This plain page incorporates an overview of job aids by Allison Rossett, who is the foremost authority on the topic. Not all information is given away for free as she wants to sell her books, which are also promoted on the page. This page can be a good way of tracking her current work. Rating 3/5
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theamericanscholar.org theamericanscholar.org
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In academia, an article that is 10 years old is considered dated.
In academia - but Lasch is still considered relevant?
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The more recent the research is, the better—or at least, more relevant—it’s assumed to be.
The more recent the better
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In a field such as technology, in which time does not march so much as it whizzes by, the freshness test is understandable.
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Society does not change overnight, but thinking it does lends a sense of drama to our everyday lives.
Drama is more important that reality?
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- Feb 2019
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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she did not advocate extensive reading. She wanted her program to be within the reach of every woman-
I'm thinking this is also a nod at the time women had/didn't have because of the various duties they had to fulfill. Also maybe a nod at the fact that women would probably not really have a space/place in which they could extensively read. Yes?
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www.graphgrid.com www.graphgrid.com
- Jan 2019
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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nature—as opposed to cul-ture—is ahistorical and timeless?
Doreen Massey has an interesting book that touches on this (Space, Place, and Gender), where she points out that time and space are treated as binaries, where time is typically masculine and dynamic and space is feminine and static. Nature (gendered feminine) is spatial, a place, and therefore not a time ("ahistorical and timeless"). Culture, on the other hand, is temporal, dynamic, masculine. It's a very particular rhetoric which begs the "which one?" question.
(While Massey points out this common way of conceiving of time/space and binaries in general [A vs. Not A], she argues that the concept of space needs to be defined on its own merit, distinct from its binary opposite.)
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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waxedand waned
Similar to the phases of the moon. Represents time passing.
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iphysresearch.github.io iphysresearch.github.io
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MAD-GAN: Multivariate Anomaly Detection for Time Series Data with Generative Adversarial Networks
这 paper 挺神的,用 GAN 做时序数据异常检测。主要神在 G 和 D 都仅用 LSTM-RNN 来构造的!不仅因此值得我关注,更因为该模型可以为自己思考“非模板引力波探测”带来启发!
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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Cross-cultural disaster research may also provide further insights regarding disaster phases.
Evokes feminist, critical and post-colonial theory, as well as multi- and inter-disciplinary research methods/perspectives, e.g., anthropology, etc.
These points of view may also provide insights on how disaster phases interact with wholly different notions of social time.
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As the field of collective behavior highlights, individuals in social settings have different perceptions of reality-social settings are not homogeneous (e.g., Turner and Killian I 987).' Thus, to tap further the mutually inclusive, multidimensional and social-time aspects of disaster phases, researchers should draw upon multiple publics and their definition of disaster phases.
Neal suggests avoiding the disaster phase terminology when interviewing various stakeholders (emergency mgt, disaster-affected people, government agencies) in order to "draw upon various groups' language to describe phases" instead of the National Governors Assn phases.
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Consid� e�g the redefinition of disaster phases based on social time may help us WJtb the broader and more important struggle of defining disaster.
What happened with this call to arms? Did Neal or others in the emergency management research community follow up?
http://ijmed.org/articles/624/download/ <-- Neal's 2013 paper on "Social Time and Disaster"
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Consid� e�g the redefinition of disaster phases based on social time may help us WJtb the broader and more important struggle of defining disaster
Neal wrote a more recent 2013 paper discussing the topic of social time and disaster.
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D!saster and hazard researchers have recognized the social time aspect of disasters. Dynes_ (1970) alludes to social time regarding the social consequences of a disaster. Dynes observes that social time: is important because the activities of every community vary over a period of time duri�� �e day, the week, the month, and the year. S�c� patterned acuv1nes have implications for potential damage within thecommurnty, for preventative activity within the commu�ty, for the inventory of the meaning of the disaster, for the rmm�?1ate tasks necessary within the community, and for the mobilizanon of community effort. (Dynes 1970, p. 63)
As early as 1970 (pre-Zerubavel, Adam, Nowotny, and Giddens), Dynes suggested that social time be taken into account for disaster response.
** Get this paper. What social time work did he cite?
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The Phases Should Reflect Social Rather Than Objective Time Giddens (I 987), although not the first, makes an important theoretical distinction between social and objective time. Giddens defines clock time as the use of quantified units. Clock time represents "day-to-day" structured activities. Typically, studies refer to disaster phases with hours, days, weeks, or years. Social time, however, is contingent upon the needs or opportunities of a society.
Cites Giddens here to describe differences between social time (sturcturation) and clock time.
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Stoddard argues that the use of time-and-space models in disaster research
Complete quote runs over 2 pages: "Stoddard argues that the use of time-and-space models in disaster research provides an important methodological disaster research tool. Most important, he contends that the different phases of disaster represent different types of individual and group behavior."
Stoddard's definition offers a solid framework to begin the conversation about how and why it's important to understand the interaction between pluritemporal modes of time and humanitarian response (individual and group sensemaking and enactment).
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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The fact that information produced by discretionary decision making cannotbe conveyed anonymously has important implications for CSCW systems design.Naturally, such information must be accompanied by the identity of the source.But how to represent and present the identity of the source?
This dilemma also applies to the complexity of representing time in information systems.
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At the level of the objects themselves, shareabilitymay not be a problem, but in terms of their interpretation, the actors must attempt tojointly construct a common information space which goes beyond their individualpersonal information spaces. A nice example of how this is a problem has been givenby Savage (1987, p. 6): ‘each functional department has its own set of meaningsfor key terms. [...] Key terms such aspart, project, subassembly, toleranceareunderstood differently in different parts of the company.’
This would be good to explore with SBTF in the interviews. Particularly, whether there are different meanings to time modes, time meta data, etc., applied by Core Team, Coordinators, GIS Team, experienced volunteers, new volunteers, etc.
Is this part of the problem with articulating the information extracted from social media and entering it in the Google Sheet in order to become an artifact?
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- Dec 2018
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inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net
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Recording accurate and consistent time is often a challenge. Web log fi les record many different timestamps during a search interaction: the time the query was sent from the client, the time it was received by the server, the time results were returned from the server, and the time results were received on the client. Server data is more robust but includes unknown network latencies. In both cases the researcher needs to normalize times and synchronize times across multiple machines. It is common to divide the log data up into “days,” but what counts as a day? Is it all the data from midnight to midnight at some common time reference point or is it all the data from midnight to midnight in the user’s local time zone? Is it important to know if people behave differently in the morning than in the evening? Then local time is important. Is it important to know everything that is happening at a given time? Then all the records should be converted to a common time zone.
Challenges of using time-based log data are similar to difficulties in the SBTF time study using Slack transcripts, social media, and Google Sheets
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Two common ways to partition log data are by time and by user. Partitioning by time is interesting because log data often contains signifi cant temporal features, such as periodicities (including consistent daily, weekly, and yearly patterns) and spikes in behavior during important events. It is often possible to get an up-to-the- minute picture of how people are behaving with a system from log data by compar-ing past and current behavior.
Bookmarked for time reference.
Mentions challenges of accounting for time zones in log data.
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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The Indeterminacy of the Past: Multiple Times, Multiple Voices The third methodological theme concerns ihe f1asl as indetc,rr,1inate. 10 We are constantly revising our knowledge of the past in light of new developments in the present.
Visibility can be obtained by peeling back the history of the infrastructure -- how it began, how it was added to, how it changed/adapted over time.
Looking back in time also provides an opportunity to consider how different people/perspectives influenced the infrastructure. Who was vocal? Who was silent? Who was silenced?
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Classifications may or may not become standardized. If they do not, they are ad hoc, limited to an individual or a local community, and/or of Limited duration. At the same time, every successful standard imposes a classification system, al the very least between good and bad ways of organizing acLions or things. And the work-arounds involved in the practical use of standards frequently entail the use of ad hoc nonstandard categories.
This is an important point for classifying and standardizing modes of time and temporal representations in information systems. What comes first? The class or the standard?
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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Classifications may or may not become standardized. If they do not, they are ad hoc, limited to an individual or a local community, and/or of limited duration. At the same time, every successful standard imposes a classification system, at the very least between good and bad ways of organizing actions or things. And the work-arounds involved in the practical use of standards frequently entail the use of ad hoc nonstandard categories.
This is an important point for classifying and standardizing modes of time and temporal representations in information systems. What comes first? The class or the standard?
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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In particular, concurrency control problems arise when the software, data,and interface are distributed over several computers. Time delays when ex-changing potentially conflicting actions are especially worrisome. ... Ifconcurrency control is not established, people may invoke conflicting ac-tions. As a result, the group may become confused because displays are incon-sistent, and the groupware document corrupted due to events being handledout of order. (p. 207)
This passage helps to explain the emphasis in CSCW papers on time/duration as a system design concern for workflow coordination (milliseconds between MTurk hits) versus time/representation considerations for system design
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eople prefer to know who else is present in a shared space, and they usethis awareness to guide their work
Awareness, disclosure, and privacy concerns are key cognitive/perception needs to integrate into technologies. Social media and CMCs struggle with this knife edge a lot.
It's also seems to be a big factor in SBTF social coordination that leads to over-compensating and pluritemporal loading of interactions between volunteers.
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iphysresearch.github.io iphysresearch.github.io
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Deep Neural Networks for Automatic Classification of Anesthetic-Induced Unconsciousness
spatio-temporo-spectral features.
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Using Convolutional Neural Networks to Classify Audio Signal in Noisy Sound Scenes
先辨别信号位置,再过滤出信号,这和 LIGO 找event波形的套路很像~ ;又看到 RNN与CNN 结合起来的应用~
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Sound Event Detection Using Spatial Features and Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network.
输入数据是多通道音频信号,网络是结合了CNN 和 LSTM。
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www.gutenberg.org www.gutenberg.org
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nail-adorned jewels she gave to the heroes:
She is well-respected within the mead hall and in return respects the men of the hall
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’Mid hall-building holders. The highly-famed queen, 55 Peace-tie of peoples, oft passed through the building, Cheered the young troopers; she oft tendered a hero A beautiful ring-band, ere she went to her sitting
Wealhtheow portrays the role of a traditional Anglo-Saxon woman at the time. Wealhtheow is first introduced to the audience, she immediately falls into her role as peaceful greeter and cocktail waitress. The author then reinforces that she is a member of the weaker gender by directing Wealhtheow to her proper position behind the king. When the queen is not serving drinks or greeting the hall guests, she may usually be found obediently following Hrothgar throughout the mead hall and "waiting for hope-news".
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shinelikethunder.tumblr.com shinelikethunder.tumblr.com
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This may be a personal itch, but at least for personal archiving needs, I’m sick, sick, sick of the recency bias that’s eaten the internet since the first stirrings of Web 2.0. Wikis are practically the only sites that have escaped chronological organization. It would be cool to have easily-manipulated collections with non-kludgey support for series ordering, order-by-popularity, order-by-popularity with a manual bump for posts you want to highlight, hell even alphabetical ordering. None of these things are remotely unsolved problems, but they’re poorly supported on the social-media silos most people’s content lives on these days.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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- Video Url with start time information.
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- Nov 2018
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iphysresearch.github.io iphysresearch.github.io
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Multilevel Wavelet Decomposition Network for Interpretable Time Series Analysis
初步扫了一眼,感觉这篇文章应该可以给我一些 idea,内含我感兴趣(看得懂)的方法/机制,另外综述的参考文献对我来时也应该很有帮助。
本文是北京航空航天大学发表于KDD 2018的文章,作者提出了将小波变换和深度神经网络进行完美结合,克服了融合的损失,对时间序列数据的分析起到了很好的启发性研究。
Summary
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Foundations of Sequence-to-Sequence Modeling for Time Series
利用序列到序列模型来做时序数据预测的理论研究 paper~
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Interpretable Convolutional Filters with SincNet
一篇值得我高度关注的 paper,来自 AI 三巨头之一 Yoshua Bengio!其背后的核心是将数字信号处理DSP中卷积的激励函数(滤波器)进行了重新设计,不仅会保留了卷积的特性(线性性+时间平移不变性)还在滤波器上添加待学习参数来学习合适的高低频截断位置。
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A Deep Neural Network for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection and Diagnosis in Multivariate Time Series Data
虽然数据特点为多变量时序信号+噪声少还频率低,不过作者提出的 Multi-Scale Convolutional Recurrent Encoder-Decoder (MSCRED) 网络很有趣,可见基于注意力机制的 ConvLSTM 在模式识别上是大为有用的!
此外paper里的数学表述和实验讨论也很值得参考学习,算是非常标准的基于新model的 paper 样板~
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Deep Convolutional Neural Networks On Multichannel Time Series For Human Activity Recognition.
这个文章的研究对象是 HAR 问题。不过这里的多通道时序信号是排成 长 x 宽维度,模拟图片数据来解决的,并不是图像的多通道。不过最后的效果貌似很不错,远胜过 SVM,KNN,MV,以及 DBN(深度置信网络)。
文章对网络结构的英文描述还是值得借鉴的~
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Towards a universal neural network encoder for time series
数据任务是“时序序列的分类”,这是我感兴趣的问题。Universal 代表不需要额外设置和训练,从某数据集训练后,就可以拿到另一个新训练集类型去搞事情~ 另一个特点是用了 encoder 得到了低维不变的表示。
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Time Series Classification Using Multi-Channels Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
这是一个三通道并列输入的时序信号模型。效果貌似不错,还针对不同模型算法的预测时间在不同训练规模数据上的模型表现做了对比,
另外文章的模型图示也很有启发性。
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Stochastic Adaptive Neural Architecture Search for Keyword Spotting
一篇讲 identifying keywords in a real-time audio stream 的 paper。这和引力波探测中的数据处理很接近哦~!此文提出 end-end 的“随机自适应神经构架搜寻” (SANAS) 实现高效准确的训练效果。这显然对 real-time 特点的类型数据应用带来启发。FYI:人家源码还开放了。。。
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WaveGlow: A Flow-based Generative Network for Speech Synthesis
一篇来自 NVIDIA 的小文。提出的实时生成网络 WaveGlow 结合了 Glow 和 WaveNet 的特点,实现了更快速高效准确的语音合成。
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Deep learning for time series classification: a review
这个文与我的课题貌似相当相关!
准备好好写一个 Paper Summary 为好~
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Deep Learning for Time-Series Analysis
一个比较简洁的关于时序序列的 DL 应用的综述文章。
其中也有谈论时序序列的分类问题。
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Whispered-to-voiced Alaryngeal Speech Conversion with Generative Adversarial Networks
这是一篇用 GAN 来做 Voiced Speech Restoration 的,并且使用了作者自己提出的 speech enhancement using GANs (SEGAN) 。
于我而言,亮点有二:
- 数据是时序语音
- 利用 GAN 对语音的增强效果似乎对降噪有些启发
- 网络结构图画的蛮好看的:
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Model Selection Techniques -- An Overview
一篇关于模型选择的综述文章。涉及信号处理,图像处理等等多方面数据信息的处理。发表在信号处理的期刊杂志上。
文中关于模型选择的大概念方向,和数学表示,是值得好好阅读的。
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End-to-end music source separation: is it possible in the waveform domain?
讨论的是 Music source separation 问题。
作者认为前人基于spectrogram的输入数据都忽略了相位信息,所以提出了直接waveform-based的模型得到了明显更好的效果。
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Unifying Probabilistic Models for Time-Frequency Analysis
文章涉及好些自己还没搞懂的概念和方法:
- 时频分析
- Gaussian processes
- ...
文中的 review 给的是很不错的~
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jolt.merlot.org jolt.merlot.org
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Early Attrition among First Time eLearners: A Review of Factors that Contribute to Drop-out, Withdrawal and Non-completion Rates of Adult Learners undertaking eLearning Programmes
NEW - This study researches dropout rates in eLearning. There are many reasons for attrition with adult eLearners which can be complex and entwined. The researched provide different models to test and also a list of barriers to eLearning - where technology issues ranked first. In conclusion, the authors determined that further research was necessary to continue to identify the factors that contribute to adult learner attrition.
RATING: 7/10
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www.surveymonkey.com www.surveymonkey.com
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SurveyMonkey
SurveyMonkey is a FREE survey platform that allows for the collection of responses from targeted individuals that can be easily collected and used to create reports and quantify results. SurveyMonkey can be delivered via email, mobile, chat, web and social media. The platform is easy to use and can be used as an add on for large CRMs such as Salesforce. There are over 100 templates and the ability to develop customized templates to suit your needs. www.surveymonkey.com
RATING: 5/5 (rating based upon a score system 1 to 5, 1= lowest 5=highest in terms of content, veracity, easiness of use etc.)
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www.mojet.net www.mojet.net
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Using WikitoTeach Part-Time Adult Learners in aBlended learningEnvironment
Using Wiki
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- Oct 2018
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homes.cs.washington.edu homes.cs.washington.edu
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iving in the Past, Present, andFuture: Measuring TemporalOrientation With Language
Messages were rated on their temporal distance from the present, with 0 representing current moments, negative values representing the past and positive values denoting the future. • Extraversion positively associated with future & negatively with the past • Openness negatively with the past • Conscientiousness negatively with the present, pos with others • Agreeableness negatively with the present, pos w future • Life satisfaction present neg future pos • Neuroticism none • Depression present pos, future neg
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www.citylab.com www.citylab.com
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digitalpedagogy.mla.hcommons.org digitalpedagogy.mla.hcommons.org
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http://www.zachwhalen.net/posts/how-to-make-a-twitter-bot-with-google-spreadsheets-version-04
useful for automating tweets?
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chrome.google.com chrome.google.com
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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timetravel.mementoweb.org timetravel.mementoweb.org
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tools.ietf.org tools.ietf.org
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The HTTP-based Memento framework bridges the present and past Web. It facilitates obtaining representations of prior states of a given resource by introducing datetime negotiation and TimeMaps. Datetime negotiation is a variation on content negotiation that leverages the given resource's URI and a user agent's preferred datetime. TimeMaps are lists that enumerate URIs of resources that encapsulate prior states of the given resource. The framework also facilitates recognizing a resource that encapsulates a frozen prior state of another resource.
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- Aug 2018
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www.fastcompany.com www.fastcompany.com
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When you interrupt a task, it can be difficult to pick it up again.
yes, because people who always have inertia.
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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The notion of temporal structuring views "real time" not as an inherent property of Internetbased activities, or an inevitable consequence of technology use, but as an enacted temporal structure, reflecting the decisions people have made about how they wish to structure their activities, both on or off the Internet. As an alternative to the idea of '·real time," Bennett and Wei II ( 1997) have suggested the notion of "real-enough time," proposing that people design their process and technology infrastructures to accommodate variable timing demands, which are contingent on task and context. We believe such "real-enough" temporal structures are important areas of further empirical investigation, allowing us to move beyond the fixation on a singular, objective "real time" to recognize the opportunities people have to (re)shape the range of temporal structures that shape their lives.
real time vs real-enough time
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The notion of temporal structuring focuses attention on what people actually do temporally in their practices, and how in such ongoing and situated activity they shape and are shaped by particular temporal structures. By examining when people do what they do in their practices, we can identify what temporal structures shape and are shaped (often concurrently) by members of a community; how these interact; whether they are interrelated, overlapping, and nested, or separate and distinct; and the extent to which they are compatible, complementary, or contradictory.
Different interaction patterns of temporal structures that are shaped by people and shape people's activities.
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Viewed from a practice perspective, the distinction between cyclic and linear time blurs because it depends on the observer's point of view and moment of observation. In particular cases, simply shifting the observer's vantage point (e.g., from the corporate suite to the factory floor) or changing the period of observation (e.g., from a week to a year) may make either the cyclic or the linear aspect of ongoing practices more salient.
Could it be that SBTF volunteers are situating themselves in time as a way to respond to a cyclic/linear tension? or a spatial tension?
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An emphasis on the cyclic temporality of organizational life also underpins the work on entrainment, developed in the natural sciences and gaining currency in organization studies. Defined as "the adjustment of the pace or cycle of one activity to match or synchronize with that of another" (Ancona and Chong 1996, p. 251 ), entrainment has been used to account for a variety of organizational phenomena displaying coordinated or synchronized temporal cycles (Ancona and Chong 1996, Clark 1990, Gersick 1994, McGrath 1990).
Entrainment definition.
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In spite of the general movement from particular towards universal notions of time (Castells 1996, Giddens 1990, Zerubavel 1981 ), we can see that in use, all uni versa! temporal structures must be particularized to local contexts because they are enacted through the situated practices of specific community members in specific locations and time zones.
Cites Castells (networks), Giddens (structuration) and Zerubavel (semiotics) as moving away from particular time to more universal notions of real-time, 24-hour clock, and calendars, respectively.
Orlikowski and Yates argue that even universal notions need situated and contextual practices to make sense of time.
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One such opposition is that between universal (global, standardized, acontextual) and particular (local, situated, contextspecific) time.
Orlikowski and Yates describe situated, contextual time as particular.
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Table 1 Different Perspectives on Time in Organizations
Objective vs Subjective vs Practice-based perspectives in time
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Event time, in contrast, is conceived as "qualitative time-heterogeneous, discontinuous, and unequivalent when different time periods are compared" (Starkey
Event time definition -- as qualitative.
How does this help describe friction of SBTF social coordination attempting to handle mechanical clocktime (timestamps, urgency, timelines, etc.) and dynamic event time (disaster unfolds, rhythms, horizons, etc.)
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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30.40
30.40
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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34.46
34.46
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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36.64
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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39.60
39.60
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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36.17
36.17
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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36.17 Moderate
36.17
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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Time Index (in minutes): 43.85
43.85
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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43.85 Moderate
43.85
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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44.00 Moderate
44
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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Traffic Commute Time Index 15.00 Very Low
15
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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21.96
21.96
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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Time Index (in minutes): 40.30
40.30
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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The haunting question is how do I fit into the story.
Need to read the football club paper to understand this context but is it referring to situating oneself in the story?
Read the Nâslund and Pemer paper to see how they are using the term "semantic fit".
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Maclean et al. also demonstrate clearly how sensemaking can be defined by its stages. The movement through time of different forms of interpretive work is captured in their phrase ‘language that constructs and gives order to reality, which it (temporarily) sta-bilizes’ (p. 20). They suggest that this movement consists of locating, meaning-making, and becoming.
Maclean et al's definition of sensemaking
The idea of temporal stages and spatial movement that includes locating could also be a way to describe the situating behavior.
So far, this is the only definition that seems to include a temporal-spatial component
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Later in their article, Cunliffe and Coupland effectively summarize sensemaking as embodied efforts to figure out what to do and who we are. That is a tidy framework for interpreting the life stories of elite bankers since they are essentially figuring out what they did and who they were, with heavy editing, to point up the legitimacy of the what and who that are retrieved.
Another Cunliffe and Coupland definition of sensemaking
Could "embodied efforts to figure out what to do and who we are" touch on what I'm calling situated time? Need to read the paper to see how they refer to the term embodied.
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Gephart et al. define sensemaking as ‘an ongoing process that creates an intersubjective sense of shared meanings through conversation and non-verbal behavior in face to face settings where people seek to/produce, negotiate, and maintain a shared sense of meaning’ (2010: 284–285).
Gephart's definition of sensemaking
Could "shared meaning" be driving the need for SBTF volunteers to situate themselves in time in order to co-construct a story?
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Cunliffe and Coupland treat sensemaking as ‘collaborative activity used to create, legitimate and sustain organiza-tional practices or leadership roles’ (p. 65). If we add the phrase ‘and individual’ to the word ‘collaborative’ in that definition then we have a rendition of sensemaking that works for the Maclean et al. article, right down to the focus on legitimacy and leadership.
Cunliffe and Coupland's definition of sensemaking
This seems less relevant to the SBTF volunteers' situating behavior.
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Whittle and Mueller also anticipate and inform the nature of reconstructing a life story when they depict sensemaking as ‘a broader term [than stories] that refers to the process through which people interpret themselves and the world around them through the pro-duction of meaning’ (p. 114). It is their focus on ‘meaning’ and their inclusion of both the person and ‘the world around them’ that fits Maclean
Whittle and Mueller's definition of sensemaking
Could "process through which people interpret themselves and the world around them through the production of meaning" be driving the need for SBTF volunteers to situate themselves in time in order to co-construct a story?
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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Second, howtime is variously used in past constructions that givesense to what has occurred, in for example, nostal-gic tales that seek to sustain identity-relevant valuesand beliefs, or using time to leverage reformulationsin repositioning these tales, for example, with theaim of undermining nostalgia as a platform for resis-tance (see Brown and Humphreys 2002; Strangleman1999).
Future research direction: Importance of reflexivity // Effects of Time Perspectives on sensemaking
See: Zimbardo & Boyd's Time Perspectives
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As Bojeet al. (2016a, p. 395)indicate, through situating antenarratives in subjec-tive time, they are able to show ‘how diverse voicesinterconnect, embed and entangle in organizationalstrategies’.
Need to unpack this a bit. Is this how to scaffold the SBTF situated time instances into a sensemaking process?
Subjective time (per the philosopher's term) is referred to as socially-constructed time (by the sociologists).
In Brunelle (2017):
*"temporal construals
The way organizational members interpret or situate themselves in time and embrace time-related concepts such as of time scarcity, urgency, orientation. ‘temporal construals inform and are informed by intersubjective, subjective and objective times.’ (R. A. Roe et al., 2009)"*
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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Theway organizational membersinterpret or situate themselves in time and embrace time-related concepts such as of time scarcity, urgency, orientation. ‘temporal construals inform and are informed by intersubjective, subjective and objective times.’ (R. A. Roe et al., 2009
Get Roe's paper. This helps to bridge the ideas of "situated time" and "subjective time" -- or socially constructed ways of experiencing, thinking about and perceiving time.
See: Dawson and Sykes 2018 See: Pöppel 1978 - https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-46354-9_23
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emlis.pair.com emlis.pair.com
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There is also a need for mechanisms to support transformations and processesover time, both for scientific data and scientific ideas. These mechanisms should not only help the user visualize but also express time and change.
This is still true today. Is the problem truly a technical one or an opportunity to re-imagine the human process of representing time as an attribute and time as a function of evolving data?
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Time as order considers temporal data as data that can be described by a time attribute, which can improve navigation or organization. Time as change considers temporal data as data that evolve over time.
The contrast of time as representing either order or change could be a very helpful way to categorize messy, dynamic humanitarian crisis data.
We need ways to capture data as an event timeline (X happened, then Y which demands response Z) as well acknowledge that X and Y may be in flux in an evolving crisis zone.
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Temporal Data and Data Temporality: Time is change, not only ord
Synthesis:
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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These same requirements exist in distributed computing, in which tasks need to be scheduled so that they can be completed in the correct sequence and in a timely manner, with data being transferred between computing elements appropriately.
time factors in crowd work include speed, scheduling, and sequencing
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www.numbeo.com www.numbeo.com
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Dissatisfaction to Spend Time in the City12.30 Very Low
12.30
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