- Jan 2022
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link-springer-com.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu link-springer-com.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu
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We are definitely living in interesting times!
The problem with Machine learning in my eyes seems to be the non-transparency in the field. After all what makes the data we are researching valuable. If he collect so much data why is only .5% being studied? There seems to be a lot missing and big opportunities here that aren't being used properly.
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Spinney, L. (2022, January 9). Are we witnessing the dawn of post-theory science? The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/jan/09/are-we-witnessing-the-dawn-of-post-theory-science
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Krueger, P., Callaway, F., Gul, S., Griffiths, T., & Lieder, F. (2022). Discovering Rational Heuristics for Risky Choice. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mg7dn
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- Dec 2021
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media-exp1.licdn.com media-exp1.licdn.com
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Machine learning: A definition
Machine learning: A definition
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- Oct 2021
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docs.github.com docs.github.com
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these systems can feel like ”a toddler with a photographic memory
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selectedfirms.co selectedfirms.co
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machine learning libraries in Python
Find out the best python libraries for ML in 2021.
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link.springer.com link.springer.com
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Shahsavari, S., Holur, P., Wang, T., Tangherlini, T. R., & Roychowdhury, V. (2020). Conspiracy in the time of corona: automatic detection of emerging COVID-19 conspiracy theories in social media and the news. Journal of Computational Social Science, 3(2), 279–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-020-00086-5
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- Sep 2021
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cdm.link cdm.link
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the app works with the light-up keyboard to teach you to play
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www.eff.org www.eff.org
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a class of attacks that were enabled by Privacy Badger’s learning. Essentially, since Privacy Badger adapts its behavior based on the way that sites you visit behave, a dedicated attacker could manipulate the way Privacy Badger acts: what it blocks and what it allows. In theory, this can be used to identify users (a form of fingerprinting) or to extract some kinds of information from the pages they visit
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- Jul 2021
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osf.io osf.io
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Gonnet, G., Stewart, J., Lafleur, J., Keith, S., McLellan, M., Jiang-Gorsline, D., & Snider, T. (2021). Analysis of feature influence on Covid-19 Death Rate Per Country Using a Novel Orthogonalization Technique. MetaArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31222/osf.io/4kw2n
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www.newscientist.com www.newscientist.com
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Roberts, M. (n.d.). Artificial intelligence has been of little use for diagnosing covid-19. New Scientist. Retrieved 24 May 2021, from https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg25033350-100-artificial-intelligence-has-been-of-little-use-for-diagnosing-covid-19/
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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Sheetal, A., Feng, Z., & Savani, K. (2020). Using Machine Learning to Generate Novel Hypotheses: Increasing Optimism About COVID-19 Makes People Less Willing to Justify Unethical Behaviors. Psychological Science, 31(10), 1222–1235. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620959594
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- Jun 2021
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www.technologyreview.com www.technologyreview.com
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The problem is, algorithms were never designed to handle such tough choices. They are built to pursue a single mathematical goal, such as maximizing the number of soldiers’ lives saved or minimizing the number of civilian deaths. When you start dealing with multiple, often competing, objectives or try to account for intangibles like “freedom” and “well-being,” a satisfactory mathematical solution doesn’t always exist.
We do better with algorithms where the utility function can be expressed mathematically. When we try to design for utility/goals that include human values, it's much more difficult.
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many other systems that are already here or not far off will have to make all sorts of real ethical trade-offs
And the problem is that, even human beings are not very sensitive to how this can be done well. Because there is such diversity in human cultures, preferences, and norms, deciding whose values to prioritise is problematic.
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- May 2021
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www.eventbrite.com www.eventbrite.com
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Data Collection and Integration to Enhance Public Health Registration, Thu, Jun 10, 2021 at 1:00 PM | Eventbrite. (n.d.). Retrieved May 28, 2021, from https://www.eventbrite.com/e/data-collection-and-integration-to-enhance-public-health-registration-156146370999
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colab.research.google.com colab.research.google.com
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www.propublica.org www.propublica.org
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ProPublica methods
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- Apr 2021
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Machine learning app development has been gaining traction among companies from all over the world. When dealing with this part of machine learning application development, you need to remember that machine learning can recognize only the patterns it has seen before. Therefore, the data is crucial for your objectives. If you’ve ever wondered how to build a machine learning app, this article will answer your question.
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med.stanford.edu med.stanford.edu
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The insertion of an algorithm’s predictions into the patient-physician relationship also introduces a third party, turning the relationship into one between the patient and the health care system. It also means significant changes in terms of a patient’s expectation of confidentiality. “Once machine-learning-based decision support is integrated into clinical care, withholding information from electronic records will become increasingly difficult, since patients whose data aren’t recorded can’t benefit from machine-learning analyses,” the authors wrote.
There is some work being done on federated learning, where the algorithm works on decentralised data that stays in place with the patient and the ML model is brought to the patient so that their data remains private.
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- Mar 2021
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Nsoesie, E. O., Oladeji, O., Abah, A. S. A., & Ndeffo-Mbah, M. L. (2021). Forecasting influenza-like illness trends in Cameroon using Google Search Data. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 6713. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85987-9
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www.cam.ac.uk www.cam.ac.uk
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Machine learning models for diagnosing COVID-19 are not yet suitable for clinical use. (2021, March 15). University of Cambridge. https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/machine-learning-models-for-diagnosing-covid-19-are-not-yet-suitable-for-clinical-use
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academic.oup.com academic.oup.com
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Blakely, Tony, John Lynch, Koen Simons, Rebecca Bentley, and Sherri Rose. ‘Reflection on Modern Methods: When Worlds Collide—Prediction, Machine Learning and Causal Inference’. International Journal of Epidemiology 49, no. 6 (1 December 2020): 2058–64. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz132.
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www.pnas.org www.pnas.org
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Mendels, D.-A., Dortet, L., Emeraud, C., Oueslati, S., Girlich, D., Ronat, J.-B., Bernabeu, S., Bahi, S., Atkinson, G. J. H., & Naas, T. (2021). Using artificial intelligence to improve COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test result interpretation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(12). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019893118
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘Now #scibeh2020: Pat Healey from QMU, Univ. Of London speaking about (online) interaction and miscommunication in our session on “Managing Online Research Discourse” https://t.co/Gsr66BRGcJ’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 6 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1326155809437446144
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Szabelska, A., Pollet, T. V., Dujols, O., Klein, R. A., & IJzerman, H. (2021). A Tutorial for Exploratory Research: An Eight-Step Approach. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/cy9mz
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- Feb 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Jacobson, N. C., Price, G., Song, M., Wortzman, Z., Nguyen, N. D., & Klein, R. J. (2020, October 27). Machine Learning Models Predicting Daily Affective Dynamics Via Personality and Psychopathology Traits. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/2zgv6
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- Jan 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Singh, M., Richie, R., & Bhatia, S. (2020, October 7). Representing and Predicting Everyday Behavior. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/kb53h
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www.forbes.com www.forbes.com
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I present the Data Science Venn Diagram… hacking skills, math and stats knowledge, and substantive expertise.
An understanding of advanced statistics is a must as the methodologies get more complex and new methods are being created such as machine learning
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Zappos created models to predict customer apparel sizes, which are cached and exposed at runtime via microservices for use in recommendations.
There is another company named Virtusize who is doing the same thing like size predicting or recommendation
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- Dec 2020
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sites.research.google sites.research.google
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Rocca, R., & Yarkoni, T. (2020). Putting psychology to the test: Rethinking model evaluation through benchmarking and prediction. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/e437b
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- Nov 2020
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Nye Warburton 47:36
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Moises Sanabria 1:19
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- Oct 2020
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f′(2)
Did he mean to write f'(3) here?
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danmackinlay.name danmackinlay.name
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A statistician is the exact same thing as a data scientist or machine learning researcher with the differences that there are qualifications needed to be a statistician, and that we are snarkier.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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numerically evaluate the derivative of a function specified by a computer program
I understand what they're saying, but one should be careful here not to confuse themselves with numerical differentiation a la finite differnces
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bartwronski.com bartwronski.com
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no gradient tapes, no graph definitions requires
Note to self: look up what this means
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- Sep 2020
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iriss.stanford.edu iriss.stanford.edu
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2020 Conference on Computational Sociology | IRiSS. (n.d.). Retrieved 30 September 2020, from https://iriss.stanford.edu/css/conferences/2020-conference-computational-sociology
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Wilkinson, Jack, Kellyn F. Arnold, Eleanor J. Murray, Maarten van Smeden, Kareem Carr, Rachel Sippy, Marc de Kamps, et al. ‘Time to Reality Check the Promises of Machine Learning-Powered Precision Medicine’. The Lancet Digital Health 0, no. 0 (16 September 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30200-4.
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- is:report
- collaboration
- machine learning powered precision medicine
- lang:en
- prediction of individual responses
- personalised medical approach
- challenges
- improved diagnosis
- machine learning
- electronic health database
- clinical science
- clinical practice
- algorithmic complexity
- revolution
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robjhyndman.com robjhyndman.com
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cross-validation is sometimes not valid for time series models
What? Why? Does he mean k-fold specifically?
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fermatslibrary.com fermatslibrary.com
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For example, the one- pass (hardware) translator generated a symbol table and reverse Polish code as in conven- tional software interpretive languages. The translator hardware (compiler) operated at disk transfer speeds and was so fast there was no need to keep and store object code, since it could be quickly regenerated on-the-fly. The hardware-implemented job controller per- formed conventional operating system func- tions. The memory controller provided
Hardware assisted compiler is a fantastic idea. TPUs from Google are essentially this. They're hardware assistance for matrix multiplication operations for machine learning workloads created by tools like TensorFlow.
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Yang, Scott Cheng-Hsin, Chirag Rank, Jake Alden Whritner, Olfa Nasraoui, and Patrick Shafto. ‘Unifying Recommendation and Active Learning for Information Filtering and Recommender Systems’. Preprint. PsyArXiv, 25 August 2020. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/jqa83.
Tags
- experimental approach
- lang:en
- Internet
- active learning
- algorithms
- information filtering
- recommender system
- recommendation accuracy
- computer science
- exploration-exploitation tradeoff
- parameterized model
- cognitive science
- artificial intelligence
- machine learning
- is:preprint
- predictive accuracy
- AI
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- Aug 2020
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Hull, T., Levine, J., Bantilan, N., Desai, A., & Majumder, M. S. (2020, August 13). Digital phenotyping of complex psychological responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qtrpf
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www.nber.org www.nber.org
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Augenblick, N., Kolstad, J. T., Obermeyer, Z., & Wang, A. (2020). Group Testing in a Pandemic: The Role of Frequent Testing, Correlated Risk, and Machine Learning (Working Paper No. 27457; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27457
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covid-19.iza.org covid-19.iza.org
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Work That Can Be Done from Home: Evidence on Variation within and across Occupations and Industries. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 4, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13374/
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jasp-stats.org jasp-stats.org
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Introducing JASP 0.11: The Machine Learning Module. (2019, September 24). JASP - Free and User-Friendly Statistical Software. https://jasp-stats.org/2019/09/24/introducing-jasp-0-11-the-machine-learning-module/
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- Jul 2020
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smile.amazon.com smile.amazon.com
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github.com github.com
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Determine if who is using my computer is me by training a ML model with data of how I use my computer. This is a project for the Intrusion Detection Systems course at Columbia University.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Virtual MLSS 2020 (Opening Remarks). (2020, June 29). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8staJlMbAig
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www.cs.cornell.edu www.cs.cornell.edu
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Our membership inference attack exploits the observationthat machine learning models often behave differently on thedata that they were trained on versus the data that they “see”for the first time.
How well would this work on some of the more recent zero-shot models?
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veekaybee.github.io veekaybee.github.io
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data leakage (data from outside of your test set making it back into your test set and biasing the results)
This sounds like the inverse of “snooping”, where information about the test data is inadvertently built into the model.
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Shah, C., Dehmamy, N., Perra, N., Chinazzi, M., Barabási, A.-L., Vespignani, A., & Yu, R. (2020). Finding Patient Zero: Learning Contagion Source with Graph Neural Networks. ArXiv:2006.11913 [Cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11913
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- Jun 2020
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Ben-David, S. (2018). Clustering—What Both Theoreticians and Practitioners are Doing Wrong. ArXiv:1805.08838 [Cs, Stat]. http://arxiv.org/abs/1805.08838
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Velásquez, N., Leahy, R., Restrepo, N. J., Lupu, Y., Sear, R., Gabriel, N., Jha, O., Goldberg, B., & Johnson, N. F. (2020). Hate multiverse spreads malicious COVID-19 content online beyond individual platform control. ArXiv:2004.00673 [Nlin, Physics:Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.00673
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Rahman, M. (2020, June 1). COVID-19 Public Sentiment Insights and Machine Learning for Tweets Classification. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/sw2dn
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- May 2020
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Lanovaz, M., & Turgeon, S. (2020). Tutorial: Applying Machine Learning in Behavioral Research [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/9w6a3
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www.preprints.org www.preprints.org
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Samuel, J.; Ali, G.G.M.N.; Rahman, M.M.; Esawi, E.; Samuel, Y. COVID-19 Public Sentiment Insights and Machine Learning for Tweets Classification. Preprints 2020, 2020050015 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202005.0015.v1)
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Donnellan, E., Sumeyye, Fastrich, G. M., & Murayama, K. (2020). How are Curiosity and Interest Different? Naïve Bayes Classification of People’s Naïve Belief. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/697gk
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www.deeplearningbook.org www.deeplearningbook.org
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the network typically learns to useh(t)as a kind of lossysummary of the task-relevant aspects of the past sequence of inputs up tot
The hidden state h(t) is a high-level representation of whatever happened until time step t.
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Parameter sharingmakes it possible to extend and apply the model to examples of different forms(different lengths, here) and generalize across them. If we had separate parametersfor each value of the time index, we could not generalize to sequence lengths notseen during training, nor share statistical strength across different sequence lengthsand across different positions in time. Such sharing is particularly important whena specific piece of information can occur at multiple positions within the sequence.
RNN have the same parameters for each time step. This allows to generalize the inferred "meaning", even when it's inferred at different steps.
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expertsystem.com expertsystem.com
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Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides systems the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Schwalbe, N., & Wahl, B. (2020). Artificial intelligence and the future of global health. The Lancet, 395(10236), 1579–1586. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30226-9
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www.ft.com www.ft.com
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Multiple articles from Financial Times - Future of AI and Digital Healthcare
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- Apr 2020
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deepspeech.readthedocs.io deepspeech.readthedocs.io
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Python contributed examples¶ Mic VAD Streaming¶ This example demonstrates getting audio from microphone, running Voice-Activity-Detection and then outputting text. Full source code available on https://github.com/mozilla/DeepSpeech-examples. VAD Transcriber¶ This example demonstrates VAD-based transcription with both console and graphical interface. Full source code available on https://github.com/mozilla/DeepSpeech-examples.
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deepspeech.readthedocs.io deepspeech.readthedocs.io
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Python API Usage example Edit on GitHub Python API Usage example¶ Examples are from native_client/python/client.cc. Creating a model instance and loading model¶ 115 ds = Model(args.model) Performing inference¶ 149 150 151 152 153 154 if args.extended: print(metadata_to_string(ds.sttWithMetadata(audio, 1).transcripts[0])) elif args.json: print(metadata_json_output(ds.sttWithMetadata(audio, 3))) else: print(ds.stt(audio)) Full source code
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github.com github.com
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DeepSpeech is an open source Speech-To-Text engine, using a model trained by machine learning techniques based on Baidu's Deep Speech research paper. Project DeepSpeech uses Google's TensorFlow to make the implementation easier. NOTE: This documentation applies to the 0.7.0 version of DeepSpeech only. Documentation for all versions is published on deepspeech.readthedocs.io. To install and use DeepSpeech all you have to do is: # Create and activate a virtualenv virtualenv -p python3 $HOME/tmp/deepspeech-venv/ source $HOME/tmp/deepspeech-venv/bin/activate # Install DeepSpeech pip3 install deepspeech # Download pre-trained English model files curl -LO https://github.com/mozilla/DeepSpeech/releases/download/v0.7.0/deepspeech-0.7.0-models.pbmm curl -LO https://github.com/mozilla/DeepSpeech/releases/download/v0.7.0/deepspeech-0.7.0-models.scorer # Download example audio files curl -LO https://github.com/mozilla/DeepSpeech/releases/download/v0.7.0/audio-0.7.0.tar.gz tar xvf audio-0.7.0.tar.gz # Transcribe an audio file deepspeech --model deepspeech-0.7.0-models.pbmm --scorer deepspeech-0.7.0-models.scorer --audio audio/2830-3980-0043.wav A pre-trained English model is available for use and can be downloaded using the instructions below. A package with some example audio files is available for download in our release notes.
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research.mozilla.org research.mozilla.org
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Speech & Machine Learning
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www.analyticsvidhya.com www.analyticsvidhya.com
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import all the necessary libraries into our notebook. LibROSA and SciPy are the Python libraries used for processing audio signals. import os import librosa #for audio processing import IPython.display as ipd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np from scipy.io import wavfile #for audio processing import warnings warnings.filterwarnings("ignore") view raw modules.py hosted with ❤ by GitHub View the code on <a href="https://gist.github.com/aravindpai/eb40aeca0266e95c128e49823dacaab9">Gist</a>. Data Exploration and Visualization Data Exploration and Visualization helps us to understand the data as well as pre-processing steps in a better way.
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TensorFlow recently released the Speech Commands Datasets. It includes 65,000 one-second long utterances of 30 short words, by thousands of different people. We’ll build a speech recognition system that understands simple spoken commands. You can download the dataset from here.
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Learn how to Build your own Speech-to-Text Model (using Python) Aravind Pai, July 15, 2019 Login to Bookmark this article (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Overview Learn how to build your very own speech-to-text model using Python in this article The ability to weave deep learning skills with NLP is a coveted one in the industry; add this to your skillset today We will use a real-world dataset and build this speech-to-text model so get ready to use your Python skills!
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keras.io keras.io
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Keras is a high-level neural networks API, written in Python and capable of running on top of TensorFlow, CNTK, or Theano. It was developed with a focus on enabling fast experimentation. Being able to go from idea to result with the least possible delay is key to doing good research. Use Keras if you need a deep learning library that: Allows for easy and fast prototyping (through user friendliness, modularity, and extensibility). Supports both convolutional networks and recurrent networks, as well as combinations of the two. Runs seamlessly on CPU and GPU. Read the documentation at Keras.io. Keras is compatible with: Python 2.7-3.6.
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docs.opencv.org docs.opencv.org
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Installation in Windows Compatibility: > OpenCV 2.0 Author: Bernát Gábor You will learn how to setup OpenCV in your Windows Operating System!
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Here you can read tutorials about how to set up your computer to work with the OpenCV library. Additionally you can find very basic sample source code to introduce you to the world of the OpenCV. Installation in Linux Compatibility: > OpenCV 2.0
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opencv.org opencv.orgAbout1
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OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision Library) is an open source computer vision and machine learning software library. OpenCV was built to provide a common infrastructure for computer vision applications and to accelerate the use of machine perception in the commercial products. Being a BSD-licensed product, OpenCV makes it easy for businesses to utilize and modify the code. The library has more than 2500 optimized algorithms, which includes a comprehensive set of both classic and state-of-the-art computer vision and machine learning algorithms. These algorithms can be used to detect and recognize faces, identify objects, classify human actions in videos, track camera movements, track moving objects, extract 3D models of objects, produce 3D point clouds from stereo cameras, stitch images together to produce a high resolution image of an entire scene, find similar images from an image database, remove red eyes from images taken using flash, follow eye movements, recognize scenery and establish markers to overlay it with augmented reality, etc. OpenCV has more than 47 thousand people of user community and estimated number of downloads exceeding 18 million. The library is used extensively in companies, research groups and by governmental bodies. Along with well-established companies like Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, Intel, IBM, Sony, Honda, Toyota that employ the library, there are many startups such as Applied Minds, VideoSurf, and Zeitera, that make extensive use of OpenCV. OpenCV’s deployed uses span the range from stitching streetview images together, detecting intrusions in surveillance video in Israel, monitoring mine equipment in China, helping robots navigate and pick up objects at Willow Garage, detection of swimming pool drowning accidents in Europe, running interactive art in Spain and New York, checking runways for debris in Turkey, inspecting labels on products in factories around the world on to rapid face detection in Japan. It has C++, Python, Java and MATLAB interfaces and supports Windows, Linux, Android and Mac OS. OpenCV leans mostly towards real-time vision applications and takes advantage of MMX and SSE instructions when available. A full-featured CUDAand OpenCL interfaces are being actively developed right now. There are over 500 algorithms and about 10 times as many functions that compose or support those algorithms. OpenCV is written natively in C++ and has a templated interface that works seamlessly with STL containers.
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Liu, D., Clemente, L., Poirier, C., Ding, X., Chinazzi, M., Davis, J. T., Vespignani, A., & Santillana, M. (2020). A machine learning methodology for real-time forecasting of the 2019-2020 COVID-19 outbreak using Internet searches, news alerts, and estimates from mechanistic models. ArXiv:2004.04019 [Cs, q-Bio, Stat]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.04019
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Kerzendorf, W. E., Patat, F., Bordelon, D., van de Ven, G., & Pritchard, T. A. (2020). Distributed peer review enhanced with natural language processing and machine learning. Nature Astronomy. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-020-1038-y
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Punn, N. S., Sonbhadra, S. K., & Agarwal, S. (2020). COVID-19 Epidemic Analysis using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms [Preprint]. Health Informatics. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.08.20057679
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www.mdpi.com www.mdpi.com
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there is also strong encouragement to make code re-usable, shareable, and citable, via DOI or other persistent link systems. For example, GitHub projects can be connected with Zenodo for indexing, archiving, and making them easier to cite alongside the principles of software citation [25].
Teknologi Github dan Gitlab fokus kepada modus teks yang dapat dengan mudah dikenali dan dibaca mesin/komputer (machine readable).
Saat ini text mining adalah teknologi utama yang berkembang cepat. Machine learning tidak akan jalan tanpa bahan baku dari teknologi text mining.
Oleh karenanya, jurnal-jurnal terutama terbitan LN sudah lama memiliki dua versi untuk setiap makalah yang dirilis, yaitu versi PDF (yang sebenarnya tidak berbeda dengan kertas zaman dulu) dan versi HTML (ini bisa dibaca mesin).
Pengolah kata biner seperti Ms Word sangat bergantung kepada teknologi perangkat lunak (yang dimiliki oleh entitas bisnis). Tentunya kode-kode untuk membacanya akan dikunci.
Bahkan PDF yang dianggap sebagai cara termudah dan teraman untuk membagikan berkas, juga tidak dapat dibaca oleh mesin dengan mudah.
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- Mar 2020
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www.wired.com www.wired.com
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a black software developer embarrassed Google by tweeting that the company’s Photos service had labeled photos of him with a black friend as “gorillas.”
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More than two years later, one of those fixes is erasing gorillas, and some other primates, from the service’s lexicon. The awkward workaround illustrates the difficulties Google and other tech companies face in advancing image-recognition technology
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www.quora.com www.quora.com
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It doesn’t.What it does do is teach AI to recognize various things and fool you into thinking you’re getting better security.When you get something for free, you are the product.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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github.com github.com
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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cloud.google.com cloud.google.com
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- Nov 2019
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www.cleveroad.com www.cleveroad.com
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What’s the Difference Between AI, Machine Learning and Data Science?
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- Sep 2019
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onezero.medium.com onezero.medium.com
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At the moment, GPT-2 uses a binary search algorithm, which means that its output can be considered a ‘true’ set of rules. If OpenAI is right, it could eventually generate a Turing complete program, a self-improving machine that can learn (and then improve) itself from the data it encounters. And that would make OpenAI a threat to IBM’s own goals of machine learning and AI, as it could essentially make better than even humans the best possible model that the future machines can use to improve their systems. However, there’s a catch: not just any new AI will do, but a specific type; one that uses deep learning to learn the rules, algorithms, and data necessary to run the machine to any given level of AI.
This is a machine generated response in 2019. We are clearly closer than most people realize to machines that can can pass a text-based Turing Test.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Since all neurons in a single depth slice share the same parameters, the forward pass in each depth slice of the convolutional layer can be computed as a convolution of the neuron's weights with the input volume.[nb 2] Therefore, it is common to refer to the sets of weights as a filter (or a kernel), which is convolved with the input. The result of this convolution is an activation map, and the set of activation maps for each different filter are stacked together along the depth dimension to produce the output volume. Parameter sharing contributes to the translation invariance of the CNN architecture. Sometimes, the parameter sharing assumption may not make sense. This is especially the case when the input images to a CNN have some specific centered structure; for which we expect completely different features to be learned on different spatial locations. One practical example is when the inputs are faces that have been centered in the image: we might expect different eye-specific or hair-specific features to be learned in different parts of the image. In that case it is common to relax the parameter sharing scheme, and instead simply call the layer a "locally connected layer".
important terms you hear repeatedly great visuals and graphics @https://distill.pub/2018/building-blocks/
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setosa.io setosa.io
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Here's a playground were you can select different kernel matrices and see how they effect the original image or build your own kernel. You can also upload your own image or use live video if your browser supports it. blurbottom sobelcustomembossidentityleft sobeloutlineright sobelsharpentop sobel The sharpen kernel emphasizes differences in adjacent pixel values. This makes the image look more vivid. The blur kernel de-emphasizes differences in adjacent pixel values. The emboss kernel (similar to the sobel kernel and sometimes referred to mean the same) givens the illusion of depth by emphasizing the differences of pixels in a given direction. In this case, in a direction along a line from the top left to the bottom right. The indentity kernel leaves the image unchanged. How boring! The custom kernel is whatever you make it.
I'm all about my custom kernels!
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We developed a new metric, UAR, which compares the robustness of a model against an attack to adversarial training against that attack. Adversarial training is a strong defense that uses knowledge of an adversary by training on adversarially attacked images[3]To compute UAR, we average the accuracy of the defense across multiple distortion sizes and normalize by the performance of an adversarially trained model; a precise definition is in our paper. . A UAR score near 100 against an unforeseen adversarial attack implies performance comparable to a defense with prior knowledge of the attack, making this a challenging objective.
@metric
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- Aug 2019
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colah.github.io colah.github.io
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Using multiple copies of a neuron in different places is the neural network equivalent of using functions. Because there is less to learn, the model learns more quickly and learns a better model. This technique – the technical name for it is ‘weight tying’ – is essential to the phenomenal results we’ve recently seen from deep learning.
This parameter sharing allows CNNs, for example, to need much less params/weights than Fully Connected NNs.
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The known connection between geometry, logic, topology, and functional programming suggests that the connections between representations and types may be of fundamental significance.
Examples for each?
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Representations are Types With every layer, neural networks transform data, molding it into a form that makes their task easier to do. We call these transformed versions of data “representations.” Representations correspond to types.
Interesting.
Like a Queue Type represents a FIFO flow and a Stack a FILO flow, where the space we transformed is the operation space of the type (eg a Queue has a folded operation space compared to an Array)
Just free styling here...
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In this view, the representations narrative in deep learning corresponds to type theory in functional programming. It sees deep learning as the junction of two fields we already know to be incredibly rich. What we find, seems so beautiful to me, feels so natural, that the mathematician in me could believe it to be something fundamental about reality.
compositional deep learning
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Appendix: Functional Names of Common Layers Deep Learning Name Functional Name Learned Vector Constant Embedding Layer List Indexing Encoding RNN Fold Generating RNN Unfold General RNN Accumulating Map Bidirectional RNN Zipped Left/Right Accumulating Maps Conv Layer “Window Map” TreeNet Catamorphism Inverse TreeNet Anamorphism
👌translation. I like to think about embeddings as List lookups
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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As log-bilinear regression model for unsupervised learning of word representations, it combines the features of two model families, namely the global matrix factorization and local context window methods
What does "log-bilinear regression" mean exactly?
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labsblog.f-secure.com labsblog.f-secure.com
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Security Issues, Dangers And Implications Of Smart Systems
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- Jul 2019
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mml-book.github.io mml-book.github.io
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We will discuss classification in the context of supportclassificationvector machines
SVMs aren't used that much in practice anymore. It's more of an academic fling, because they're nice to work with mathematically. Empirically, Tree Ensembles or Neural Nets are almost always better.
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machinelearningmastery.com machinelearningmastery.com
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Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms in Python with scikit-learn
Read on July 4, 2019
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www.oreilly.com www.oreilly.com
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Machine learning models are basically mathematical functions that represent the relationship between different aspects of data.
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jmlr.csail.mit.edu jmlr.csail.mit.edu
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Compared with neural networks configured by a pure grid search,we find that random search over the same domain is able to find models that are as good or betterwithin a small fraction of the computation time.
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- Jun 2019
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towardsdatascience.com towardsdatascience.com
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To interpret a model, we require the following insights :Features in the model which are most important.For any single prediction from a model, the effect of each feature in the data on that particular prediction.Effect of each feature over a large number of possible predictions
Machine learning interpretability
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www.wired.com www.wired.com
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By comparison, Amazon’s Best Seller badges, which flag the most popular products based on sales and are updated hourly, are far more straightforward. For third-party sellers, “that’s a lot more powerful than this Choice badge, which is totally algorithmically calculated and sometimes it’s totally off,” says Bryant.
"Amazon's Choice" is made by an algorithm.
Essentially, "Amazon" is Skynet.
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www.tensorflow.org www.tensorflow.org
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This problem is called overfitting—it's like memorizing the answers instead of understanding how to solve a problem.
Simple and clear explanation of overfitting
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- May 2019
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cdn.aiindex.org cdn.aiindex.org
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increased participation in organizations like AI4ALL and Women in Machine Learning
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ML teaching events
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policychangeindex.org policychangeindex.org
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policy change index - machine learning on corpus of text to identify and predict policy changes in China
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parametric.press parametric.press
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simple explanation of AI bias - sources etc.
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- Mar 2019
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www.jeremyjordan.me www.jeremyjordan.me
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normalization
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Mention McDonald’s to someone today, and they're more likely to think about Big Mac than Big Data. But that could soon change: The fast-food giant has embraced machine learning, in a fittingly super-sized way.McDonald’s is set to announce that it has reached an agreement to acquire Dynamic Yield, a startup based in Tel Aviv that provides retailers with algorithmically driven "decision logic" technology. When you add an item to an online shopping cart, it’s the tech that nudges you about what other customers bought as well. Dynamic Yield reportedly had been recently valued in the hundreds of millions of dollars; people familiar with the details of the McDonald’s offer put it at over $300 million. That would make it the company's largest purchase since it acquired Boston Market in 1999.
McDonald's are getting into machine learning. Beware.
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- Feb 2019
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gitee.com gitee.com
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