- Jun 2020
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twitter.com twitter.com
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McCartney, M. (2020, June 19). "profound disconnect between the government belief about what benefits technology will provide, and the later (after ££) evidence for benefit. tech in health=vital, but if not fit for purpose ends up wasting resources better spent elsewhere- time+money. what needs to change?" Twitter. https://twitter.com/mgtmccartney/status/1273878159184756736
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twitter.com twitter.com
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David G. Rand en Twitter: “Today @GordPennycook & I wrote a @nytimes op ed ‘The Right Way to Fix Fake News’ https://t.co/dyF84g6oqv tl;dr: Platforms must rigorously TEST interventions, b/c intuitions about what will work are often wrong In this thread I unpack the many studies behind our op ed 1/” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 15, 2020, from https://twitter.com/dg_rand/status/1242526565793136641
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Chen, E., Lerman, K., & Ferrara, E. (2020). COVID-19: The First Public Coronavirus Twitter Dataset. ArXiv:2003.07372 [Cs, q-Bio]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2003.07372
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twitter.com twitter.com
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David G. Rand en Twitter: “Today @GordPennycook & I wrote a @nytimes op ed ‘The Right Way to Fix Fake News’ https://t.co/dyF84g6oqv tl;dr: Platforms must rigorously TEST interventions, b/c intuitions about what will work are often wrong In this thread I unpack the many studies behind our op ed 1/” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 15, 2020, from https://twitter.com/DG_Rand/status/1242526565793136641
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www.cambridge.org www.cambridge.org
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Rosenberg, H., Syed, S., & Rezaie, S. (undefined/ed). The twitter pandemic: The critical role of twitter in the dissemination of medical information and misinformation during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/cem.2020.361
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Annotators
URL
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Gallotti, R., Valle, F., Castaldo, N., Sacco, P., & De Domenico, M. (2020). Assessing the risks of “infodemics” in response to COVID-19 epidemics. ArXiv:2004.03997 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.03997
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Kozyreva, A., Lewandowsky, S., & Hertwig, R. (2019, December 4). Citizens Versus the Internet: Confronting Digital Challenges With Cognitive Tools. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ky4x8
Tags
- nudging
- behavioral policy
- decision autonomy
- boosting
- reasoning
- is:preprint
- digital
- decision aid
- artificial intelligence
- technocognition
- choice architecture
- misinformation
- lang:en
- fake news
- cognitive tools
- online behavior
- internet
- self-nudging
- attention economy
- disinformation
- online manipulation
- AI
- algorithm
Annotators
URL
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Paakkari, L., & Okan, O. (2020). COVID-19: Health literacy is an underestimated problem. The Lancet Public Health, S2468266720300864. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30086-4
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www.psychologicalscience.org www.psychologicalscience.org
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Axt, J.R., et. al, (2020) The Psychological Appeal of Fake-News Attributions. Psychological Science, https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620922785
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council.science council.science
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Ethical responsibilities of scientists at a time of a global threat. (2020, June 15). International Science Council. https://council.science/current/press/cfrs-statement-15-june-2020/
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www.npr.org www.npr.org
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Researchers: Nearly Half Of Accounts Tweeting About Coronavirus Are Likely Bots. (2020, May 20). NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/05/20/859814085/researchers-nearly-half-of-accounts-tweeting-about-coronavirus-are-likely-bots
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Kazemi, D. (2020, May 23). "NPR is promoting this article again. Without access to the study we have no way of knowing how "bot" was estimated or measured, we simply have to go on the reputation and past research of this lab, which I dug into last night here: https://twitter.com/tinysubversion..." Twitter. https://twitter.com/tinysubversions/status/1263965246416318465
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Bergstrom, C. T. (2020, June 14). "1. Another day, another blog post of #COVID19 misinformation making the rounds." Twitter. https://twitter.com/CT_Bergstrom/status/1272007583222513664
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twitter.com twitter.com
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☣️ Michael Ç̸̠͎͉̹̼̠͔̗̓̐̐̓̓̀͝͝. Bazaco ☣️ on Twitter: “The amount of experts who used to cry foul about people acting like experts in their field that have now chased the COVID story pretending to be virologists, ID epidemiologists, ID physicians, and/or infection control specialists to try and brand build is creepy and ghoulish. 😑” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved June 15, 2020, from https://twitter.com/mcbazacophd/status/1271597829065187328
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Velásquez, N., Leahy, R., Restrepo, N. J., Lupu, Y., Sear, R., Gabriel, N., Jha, O., Goldberg, B., & Johnson, N. F. (2020). Hate multiverse spreads malicious COVID-19 content online beyond individual platform control. ArXiv:2004.00673 [Nlin, Physics:Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.00673
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Ziems, C., He, B., Soni, S., & Kumar, S. (2020). Racism is a Virus: Anti-Asian Hate and Counterhate in Social Media during the COVID-19 Crisis. ArXiv:2005.12423 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.12423
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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Brashier, N. M., & Schacter, D. L. (2020). Aging in an Era of Fake News. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 0963721420915872. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721420915872
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dl.acm.org dl.acm.org
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Yaqub, W., Kakhidze, O., Brockman, M. L., Memon, N., & Patil, S. (2020). Effects of Credibility Indicators on Social Media News Sharing Intent. Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376213
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Altay, S., de Araujo, E., & Mercier, H. (2020, June 4). “If this account is true, it is most enormously wonderful”: Interestingness-if-true and the sharing of true and false news.
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www.springer.com www.springer.com
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Journal of Computational Social Science. Springer. Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://www.springer.com/journal/42001/updates/17993070
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sg.finance.yahoo.com sg.finance.yahoo.com
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President’s Reaction to Twitter Fact Check Is ‘Slapped Together,’ Says Stanford’s DiResta. (n.d.). Retrieved 9 June 2020, from https://sg.news.yahoo.com/presidents-reaction-twitter-fact-check-231129841.html
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Haelle, T. (2020, May 8). Why It’s Important To Push Back On ‘Plandemic’—And How To Do It. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/tarahaelle/2020/05/08/why-its-important-to-push-back-on-plandemic-and-how-to-do-it/
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Cinelli, M., Morales, G. D. F., Galeazzi, A., Quattrociocchi, W., & Starnini, M. (2020). Echo Chambers on Social Media: A comparative analysis. ArXiv:2004.09603 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.09603
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Earnshaw, V. A., & Katz, I. T. (2020). Educate, Amplify, and Focus to Address COVID-19 Misinformation. JAMA Health Forum, 1(4), e200460–e200460. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2020.0460
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu
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Jamieson, K. H., & Albarracín, D. (2020). The Relation between Media Consumption and Misinformation at the Outset of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in the US. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, 2. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-012
Tags
- Trump
- understanding
- public
- is:article
- consumption
- conspiracy theory
- USA
- COVID-19
- misinformation
- lang:en
- media
Annotators
URL
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news.sky.com news.sky.com
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The US president has claimed the social media platform is "interfering in the 2020 presidential election" and "completely stifling FREE SPEECH" after it added a warning to two of his tweets on Tuesday.
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link.springer.com link.springer.com
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Stokes, D. C., Andy, A., Guntuku, S. C., Ungar, L. H., & Merchant, R. M. (2020). Public Priorities and Concerns Regarding COVID-19 in an Online Discussion Forum: Longitudinal Topic Modeling. Journal of General Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05889-w
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www.scs.cmu.edu www.scs.cmu.edu
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Young, V. A. (2020, May 20). Nearly Half Of The Twitter Accounts Discussing ‘Reopening America’ May Be Bots. Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science. https://www.scs.cmu.edu/news/nearly-half-twitter-accounts-discussing-%E2%80%98reopening-america%E2%80%99-may-be-bots
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- May 2020
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www.psychologicalscience.org www.psychologicalscience.org
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Why We Fall Prey to Misinformation. (n.d.). Association for Psychological Science - APS. Retrieved May 29, 2020, from https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/releases/why-we-fall-prey-to-misinformation.html
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support.google.com support.google.com
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COVID-19 Medical Misinformation Policy—YouTube Help. (n.d.). Retrieved May 26, 2020, from https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/9891785?hl=en#annotations:53lvgpt_EeqmRf84xl6gxA
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theconversation.com theconversation.com
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Cook, J., & Lewandowsky, S. (n.d.). Coronavirus conspiracy theories are dangerous – here’s how to stop them spreading. The Conversation. Retrieved April 21, 2020, from http://theconversation.com/coronavirus-conspiracy-theories-are-dangerous-heres-how-to-stop-them-spreading-136564
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Lobato, E. J. C., Powell, M., Padilla, L., & Holbrook, C. (2020). Factors Predicting Willingness to Share COVID-19 Misinformation. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/r4p5z
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Warzel, C. (2020, April 3). Opinion | What We Pretend to Know About the Coronavirus Could Kill Us. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/03/opinion/sunday/coronavirus-fake-news.html
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Ruggeri, K., Linden, S., Wang, C., Papa, F., Riesch, J., & Green, J. (2020, May 7). Standards for evidence in policy decision-making. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/fjwvk
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www.preprints.org www.preprints.org
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Samuel, J.; Ali, G.G.M.N.; Rahman, M.M.; Esawi, E.; Samuel, Y. COVID-19 Public Sentiment Insights and Machine Learning for Tweets Classification. Preprints 2020, 2020050015 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202005.0015.v1)
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Pastor-Escuredo, D., & Tarazona, C. (2020). Characterizing information leaders in Twitter during COVID-19 crisis. ArXiv:2005.07266 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.07266
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www.washingtonpost.com www.washingtonpost.com
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Bode, L., & Vraga, E. (2020 May 7). Analysis | Americans are fighting coronavirus misinformation on social media. Washington Post.https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/05/07/americans-are-fighting-coronavirus-misinformation-social-media/
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Kirby, T. (2020). South America prepares for the impact of COVID-19. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, S2213260020302186. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30218-6
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Bajak, A., & Howe, J. (2020, May 14). Opinion | A Study Said Covid Wasn’t That Deadly. The Right Seized It. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/14/opinion/coronavirus-research-misinformation.html
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www.wired.com www.wired.com
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Porter, E. & Wood. T.J. (2020 May 14). Why is Facebook so afraid of checking facts? Wired. https://www.wired.com/story/why-is-facebook-so-afraid-of-checking-facts/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Swire-Thompson, B., DeGutis, J., & Lazer, D. (2020, May 15). Searching for the backfire effect: Measurement and design considerations. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ba2kc
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www.tandfonline.com www.tandfonline.com
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Krause, N. M., Freiling, I., Beets, B., & Brossard, D. (2020). Fact-checking as risk communication: The multi-layered risk of misinformation in times of COVID-19. Journal of Risk Research, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2020.1756385
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digest.bps.org.uk digest.bps.org.uk
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We’re Less Likely To Spread Alarming Information While Experiencing Physiological Stress. (2020, May 26). Research Digest. https://digest.bps.org.uk/2020/05/26/were-less-likely-to-spread-alarming-information-while-experiencing-physiological-stress/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Fränken, J.-P., & Pilditch, T. (2020). Cascades across networks are sufficient for the formation of echo chambers: An agent-based model. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8rgkc
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www.sciencemediacentre.org www.sciencemediacentre.org
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www.sciencemediacentre.org www.sciencemediacentre.org
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Expert Reaction
Tags
- article
- is:webpage
- study
- UK
- bad science
- COVID-19
- reaction
- misinformation
- lang:en
- expert
- infection rate
Annotators
URL
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Carl T. Bergstrom on Twitter
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twitter.com twitter.com
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John Burn-Murdoch on Twitter
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www.fox32chicago.com www.fox32chicago.com
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Fox32Chicago. (2020 May 14). Chicago doctors come together to dispel misinformation, advise officials on pandemic. https://www.fox32chicago.com/video/684221
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Lawson, A., & Kakkar, H. (2020, May 19). Of Pandemics, Politics, and Personality: The Role of Conscientiousness and Political Ideology in Sharing of Fake News. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ves5m
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Ball, P. (2020). Anti-vaccine movement could undermine efforts to end coronavirus pandemic, researchers warn. Nature, 581(7808), 251–251. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01423-4
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www.nbcnews.com www.nbcnews.com
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Zadrozny, B. (2020 May 14). One in four popular YouTube coronavirus videos contain misinformation, study finds. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/live-blog/2020-05-13-coronavirus-news-n1205916/ncrd1206486#blogHeader
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@DFRLab. (2020, May 14). Op-Ed: The criminalization of COVID-19 clicks and conspiracies. Medium. https://medium.com/dfrlab/op-ed-the-criminalization-of-covid-19-clicks-and-conspiracies-3af077f5a7e7
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Johnson, N.F., Velásquez, N., Restrepo, N.J. et al. The online competition between pro- and anti-vaccination views. Nature (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2281-1
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Lakens, D. (2020). Pandemic researchers—Recruit your own best critics. Nature, 581(7807), 121–121. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01392-8
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Roko Mijic - Twitter
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www.weforum.org www.weforum.org
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Nekmat, E. & Yue, A. (2020 May 01)How to fight the spread of COVID-19 disinformation. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/how-to-fight-the-covid-19-infodemic-lessons-from-3-asian-countries/
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
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Smelter, T. J., & Calvillo, D. P. (2020). Pictures and repeated exposure increase perceived accuracy of news headlines. Applied Cognitive Psychology, acp.3684. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3684
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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r/BehSciResearch—Emerging research on and resources about COVID-19 misinformation? (n.d.). Reddit. Retrieved April 17, 2020, from https://www.reddit.com/r/BehSciResearch/comments/fs7xqf/emerging_research_on_and_resources_about_covid19/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Hasan, M. T. (2020, April 25). Addressing the COVID-19 related stigma and discrimination: a fight against infodemic in Bangladesh. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qpbj7
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www.politico.com www.politico.com
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Swan, B. W. (n.d.). State report: Russian, Chinese and Iranian disinformation narratives echo one another. POLITICO. Retrieved April 22, 2020, from https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/21/russia-china-iran-disinformation-coronavirus-state-department-193107
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misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu
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Ricard, J., & Medeiros, J. (2020). Using Misinformation as a political weapon: COVID-19 and Bolsonaro in Brazil. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, 2. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-013
Tags
- Bolsonaro
- Brazil
- weapon
- is:commentary
- government
- denial
- COVID-19
- political
- scientific
- evidence-based
- misinformation
- lang:en
- recommendation
Annotators
URL
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misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu
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Nsoesie, E. O., & Oladeji, O. (2020). Identifying patterns to prevent the spread of misinformation during epidemics. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, COVID-19 and Misinformation. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-014
Tags
- is:article
- transmission
- vaccination
- COVID-19
- healthcare
- spread
- treatment
- misinformation
- lang:en
- public health
- prevention
- algorithm
Annotators
URL
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misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu
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Uscinski, J. E., Enders, A. M., Klofstad, C., Seelig, M., Funchion, J., Everett, C., Wuchty, S., Premaratne, K., & Murthi, M. (2020). Why do people believe COVID-19 conspiracy theories? Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, 1(COVID-19 and Misinformation). https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-015
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dl.acm.org dl.acm.org
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Epstein, Z., Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. (2020). Will the Crowd Game the Algorithm? Using Layperson Judgments to Combat Misinformation on Social Media by Downranking Distrusted Sources. Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376232
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misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu
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Dias, N., Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2020). Emphasizing publishers does not effectively reduce susceptibility to misinformation on social media. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-001
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- Apr 2020
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Ecker, U. K. H., Lewandowsky, S., & Chadwick, M. (2020). Can Corrections Spread Misinformation to New Audiences? Testing for the Elusive Familiarity Backfire Effect [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qrm69
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Leitner, S. (2020, April 18). On the dynamics emerging from pandemics and infodemics. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nqru6
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www.nesta.org.uk www.nesta.org.uk
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How COVID-19 has changed the use and communication of evidence. (n.d.). Nesta. Retrieved April 28, 2020, from https://www.nesta.org.uk/blog/how-covid-19-has-changed-use-and-communication-evidence/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Pummerer, L., & Sassenberg, K. (2020, April 14). Conspiracy Theories in Times of Crisis and their Societal Effects: Case “Corona”. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/y5grn
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Rosenfeld, D. L., Rothgerber, H., & Wilson, T. (2020, April 22). Politicizing the COVID-19 Pandemic: Ideological Differences in Adherence to Social Distancing. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k23cv
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www.atlanticcouncil.org www.atlanticcouncil.org
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Brazil and Mexico: Domestic disinformation in the context of COVID-19. (n.d.). Atlantic Council. Retrieved April 27, 2020, from https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/event/brazil-and-mexico-domestic-disinformation-in-the-context-of-covid19/
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www.emc-lab.org www.emc-lab.org
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COVID-19: $6.5 million to help fight coronavirus misinformation. (2020, April 2). Google. https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/google-news-initiative/covid-19-65-million-help-fight-coronavirus-misinformation/
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ec.europa.eu ec.europa.eu
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CATTANEO, B. (2020, April 17). How insights on human behaviour can help us manage a pandemic. EU Science Hub - European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/news/how-insights-human-behaviour-can-help-us-manage-pandemic
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www.disinfo.eu www.disinfo.eu
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COVID-19 Resource Hub. (n.d.). EU DisinfoLab. Retrieved April 17, 2020, from https://www.disinfo.eu/coronavirus
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Jarynowski, A., Wojta-Kempa, M., Belik, V. (2020, March 30). Perception of emergent epidemic of COVID-2019 / SARS CoV-2 on the Polish Internet. Cornell University. arXiv:2004.00005.
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Olapegba, P. O., Ayandele, O., Kolawole, S. O., Oguntayo, R., Gandi, J. C., Dangiwa, A. L., … Iorfa, S. K. (2020, April 12). COVID-19 Knowledge and Perceptions in Nigeria. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/j356x
Tags
- general public
- Nigeria
- precaution
- is:preprint
- behavior
- misconception
- information
- China
- lockdown
- misinformation
- media
- public health
- lang:en
- questionnaire
- prevention
- symptom
- news
- descriptive statistics
- transmission
- infection
- knowledge
- perception
- COVID-19
- health information
- data collection
Annotators
URL
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Velásquez, N., et al. (2020, April 1). Hate multiverse spreads malicious COVID-19 content online beyond individual platform control. Cornell University. arXiv:2004.00673.
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advances.sciencemag.org advances.sciencemag.org
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Allen, J., Howland, B., Mobius, M., Rothschild, D., & Watts, D. J. (2020). Evaluating the fake news problem at the scale of the information ecosystem. Science Advances, 6(14), eaay3539. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay3539.
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Kutscher, C. (2020 April 8). The Coronavirus and Climate Change: How we're making the same mistakes. Medium. https://medium.com/@chuck.kutscher/the-coronavirus-and-climate-change-how-were-making-the-same-mistakes-2cd01cce2295
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www.vice.com www.vice.com
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Koebler, J. (2020 April 09). The viral 'study' about runners spreading coronavirus is not actually a study. Vice. https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/v74az9/the-viral-study-about-runners-spreading-coronavirus-is-not-actually-a-study
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www.psycharchives.org www.psycharchives.org
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Betsch, C, et al. (2020 March 3). Germany COVID-19 Snapshot MOnitoring (COSMO Germany): Monitoring knowledge, risk perceptions, preventive behaviours, and public trust in the current coronavirus outbreak in Germany. PsychArchives. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.2776
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medium.com medium.com
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Heathers, J. (2020 April 13). Hurry, don't rush. Medium. https://medium.com/@jamesheathers/hurry-dont-rush-e1aee626e733
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reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk
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Nielsen, R.K., Fletcher, R., Newman, N., Brennen, S., Howard, P.N. (2020 April 15). Navigating the ‘infodemic’: how people in six countries access and rate news and information about coronavirus. Reuters Institute. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/infodemic-how-people-six-countries-access-and-rate-news-and-information-about-coronavirus
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www.ofcom.org.uk www.ofcom.org.uk
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Ofcom. (2020 April 09). Covid-19 news and information: consumption and attitudes. https://www.ofcom.org.uk/research-and-data/tv-radio-and-on-demand/news-media/coronavirus-news-consumption-attitudes-behaviour
Tags
- BARB
- news
- is:webpage
- survey
- interactive
- consumption
- access
- dataset
- attitude
- response
- COVID-19
- information
- misinformation
- lang:en
- comScore
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www.researchprofessionalnews.com www.researchprofessionalnews.com
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Breckon, J. (2020 April 16). Seven welcome Covid-19 trends. Researchprofessionalnews.com. https://www.researchprofessionalnews.com/rr-news-uk-views-of-the-uk-2020-4-seven-welcome-covid-19-trends/
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www.kcl.ac.uk www.kcl.ac.uk
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King's College London. Life under lockdown: Coronavirus in the UK. (2020 April 9). https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/life-under-lockdown-coronavirus-in-the-uk
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Sander van der Linden en Twitter: “New study: fake news only makes up a tiny bit of our media consumption. Great! But that totally misses the point: micro-targeted fake news only needs to convince a tiny minority of the population to disrupt an election. Misinformation also kills people, literally. Just saying https://t.co/SBpg0EBfhx” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 8, 2020, from https://twitter.com/sander_vdlinden/status/1247146391002132480
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Munger, K. (2020). Digital Literacy and Online Political Behavior [Preprint]. Open Science Framework. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/3ncmk
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www.imperial.ac.uk www.imperial.ac.uk
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Coronavirus misinformation and vaccine research among key priorities for public | Imperial News | Imperial College London. (n.d.). Imperial News. Retrieved April 8, 2020, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/196696/coronavirus-misinformation-vaccine-research-among-priorities/
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twitter.com twitter.com
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NewsGuard en Twitter: “ANNOUNCEMENT: To help combat dangerous misinformation during the COVID-19 crisis, NewsGuard is temporarily removing the paywall from our browser extension to make it free to all users. https://t.co/9RgvK2VJ99” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 15, 2020, from https://twitter.com/newsguardrating/status/1242431805728395265
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Hahn, U., Lagnado, D., Lewandowsky, S., & Chater, N. (2020). Crisis knowledge management: Reconfiguring the behavioural science community for rapid responding in the Covid-19 crisis [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/hsxdk
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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R/Physics—The best thing you can do to fight COVID-19 is nothing. Stop writing that paper. Don’t put it on the arxiv. (n.d.). Reddit. Retrieved April 9, 2020, from https://www.reddit.com/r/Physics/comments/frsd16/the_best_thing_you_can_do_to_fight_covid19_is/
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Oprichting Media Special Interest Group op initiatief ISOC NL «. (n.d.). Retrieved April 9, 2020, from https://isoc.nl/nieuws/oprichting-media-special-interest-group-op-initiatief-isoc-nl/
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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r/BehSciResearch - Planned study: Inoculating against COVID-19 misinformation. (n.d.). Reddit. Retrieved April 17, 2020, from https://www.reddit.com/r/BehSciResearch/comments/futkvx/planned_study_inoculating_against_covid19/
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Carl Miller en Twitter: “We’re working hard at the moment to scale up our attempts to detect COVID-19 disinformation, online manipulation, attacks on public health officials and miracle cures. If you’ve come across this kind of stuff, I’d really appreciate hearing about it. DMs are open” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 17, 2020, from https://twitter.com/carljackmiller/status/1244569393440468997#annotations:9pvychrpeeqhh0_wtrrs1q
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centerforinquiry.org centerforinquiry.org
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Kreidler, M. (2020, March 25). CORONAVIRUS RESOURCE CENTER | Center for Inquiry. https://centerforinquiry.org/coronavirus/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Pennycook, G., McPhetres, J., Bago, B., & Rand, D. G. (2020, April 14). Predictors of attitudes and misperceptions about COVID-19 in Canada, the U.K., and the U.S.A. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zhjkp
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Pennycook, G., McPhetres, J., Zhang, Y., & Rand, D. G. (2020, March 17). Fighting COVID-19 misinformation on social media: Experimental evidence for a scalable accuracy nudge intervention. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/uhbk9
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time.com time.com
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It seems kind of intuitively obvious that if you put something—whether it’s a scarf or a mask—in front of your nose and mouth, that will filter out some of these viruses that are floating around out there,” says Dr. William Schaffner, professor of medicine in the division of infectious diseases at Vanderbilt University. The only problem: that’s not effective against respiratory illnesses like the flu and COVID-19. If it were, “the CDC would have recommended it years ago,” he says. “It doesn’t, because it makes science-based recommendations.”
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- Mar 2020
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Right now, Facebook is tackling “misinformation that has imminent risk of danger, telling people if they have certain symptoms, don’t bother going getting treated … things like ‘you can cure this by drinking bleach.’ I mean, that’s just in a different class.”
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Many of the most alarmist claims about misinformation are themselves misleading.
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english.stackexchange.com english.stackexchange.com
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disinformation is a subset of misinformation (that is, all disinformation is misinformation
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- Apr 2019
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www.washingtonpost.com www.washingtonpost.com
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They had been told that the insulin that their son was supposed to be taking for his Type 1 diabetes was poison, Solis testified. Timothy Morrow, a herbalist based in Torrance, Calif., had instead told them to rub lavender oil on the boy’s spine and prescribed herbal medicine that he claimed would cure Lopez for life.
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- Sep 2018
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www.politico.com www.politico.com
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How can we get back to that common ground? We need new mechanisms—suited to the digital age—that allow for a shared understanding of facts and that focus our collective attention on the most important problems.
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Deluged by apparent facts, arguments and counterarguments, our brains resort to the most obvious filter, the easiest cognitive shortcut for a social animal: We look to our peers, see what they believe and cheer along. As a result, open and participatory speech has turned into its opposite. Important voices are silenced by mobs of trolls using open platforms to hurl abuse and threats. Bogus news shared from one friend or follower to the next becomes received wisdom. Crucial pieces of information drown in so much irrelevance that they are lost. If books were burned in the street, we would be alarmed. Now, we are simply exhausted.
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For the longest time, we thought that as speech became more democratized, democracy itself would flourish. As more and more people could broadcast their words and opinions, there would be an ever-fiercer battle of ideas—with truth emerging as the winner, stronger from the fight. But in 2018, it is increasingly clear that more speech can in fact threaten democracy. The glut of information we now face, made possible by digital tools and social media platforms, can bury what is true, greatly elevate and amplify misinformation and distract from what is important.
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But in the digital age, when speech can exist mostly unfettered, the big threat to truth looks very different. It’s not just censorship, but an avalanche of undistinguished speech—some true, some false, some fake, some important, some trivial, much of it out-of-context, all burying us.
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- Aug 2018
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www.technologyreview.com www.technologyreview.com
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The first of the two maps in the GIF image below shows the US political spectrum on the eve of the 2016 election. The second map highlights the followers of a 30-something American woman called Jenna Abrams, a following gained with her viral tweets about slavery, segregation, Donald Trump, and Kim Kardashian. Her far-right views endeared her to conservatives, and her entertaining shock tactics won her attention from several mainstream media outlets and got her into public spats with prominent people on Twitter, including a former US ambassador to Russia. Her following in the right-wing Twittersphere enabled her to influence the broader political conversation. In reality, she was one of many fake personas created by the infamous St. Petersburg troll farm known as the Internet Research Agency.
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Instead of trying to force their messages into the mainstream, these adversaries target polarized communities and “embed” fake accounts within them. The false personas engage with real people in those communities to build credibility. Once their influence has been established, they can introduce new viewpoints and amplify divisive and inflammatory narratives that are already circulating. It’s the digital equivalent of moving to an isolated and tight-knit community, using its own language quirks and catering to its obsessions, running for mayor, and then using that position to influence national politics.
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However, as the following diagrams will show, the middle is a lot weaker than it looks, and this makes public discourse vulnerable both to extremists at home and to manipulation by outside actors such as Russia.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Welcome to the Newspapers on Wikipedia (NOW) WikiProject!
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- Jul 2018
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www.buzzfeednews.com www.buzzfeednews.com
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"The internet has become the main threat — a sphere that isn't controlled by the Kremlin," said Pavel Chikov, a member of Russia's presidential human rights council. "That's why they're going after it. Its very existence as we know it is being undermined by these measures."
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Gatov, who is the former head of Russia's state newswire's media analytics laboratory, told BuzzFeed the documents were part of long-term Kremlin plans to swamp the internet with comments. "Armies of bots were ready to participate in media wars, and the question was only how to think their work through," he said. "Someone sold the thought that Western media, which specifically have to align their interests with their audience, won't be able to ignore saturated pro-Russian campaigns and will have to change the tone of their Russia coverage to placate their angry readers."
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"There's no paradox here. It's two sides of the same coin," Igor Ashmanov, a Russian internet entrepreneur known for his pro-government views, told BuzzFeed. "The Kremlin is weeding out the informational field and sowing it with cultured plants. You can see what will happen if they don't clear it out from the gruesome example of Ukraine."
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The trolls appear to have taken pains to learn the sites' different commenting systems. A report on initial efforts to post comments discusses the types of profanity and abuse that are allowed on some sites, but not others. "Direct offense of Americans as a race are not published ('Your nation is a nation of complete idiots')," the author wrote of fringe conspiracy site WorldNetDaily, "nor are vulgar reactions to the political work of Barack Obama ('Obama did shit his pants while talking about foreign affairs, how you can feel yourself psychologically comfortable with pants full of shit?')." Another suggested creating "up to 100" fake accounts on the Huffington Post to master the site's complicated commenting system.
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According to the documents, which are attached to several hundred emails sent to the project's leader, Igor Osadchy, the effort was launched in April and is led by a firm called the Internet Research Agency. It's based in a Saint Petersburg suburb, and the documents say it employs hundreds of people across Russia who promote Putin in comments on Russian blogs.
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The documents show instructions provided to the commenters that detail the workload expected of them. On an average working day, the Russians are to post on news articles 50 times. Each blogger is to maintain six Facebook accounts publishing at least three posts a day and discussing the news in groups at least twice a day. By the end of the first month, they are expected to have won 500 subscribers and get at least five posts on each item a day. On Twitter, the bloggers are expected to manage 10 accounts with up to 2,000 followers and tweet 50 times a day.
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Russia's campaign to shape international opinion around its invasion of Ukraine has extended to recruiting and training a new cadre of online trolls that have been deployed to spread the Kremlin's message on the comments section of top American websites.Plans attached to emails leaked by a mysterious Russian hacker collective show IT managers reporting on a new ideological front against the West in the comments sections of Fox News, Huffington Post, The Blaze, Politico, and WorldNetDaily.The bizarre hive of social media activity appears to be part of a two-pronged Kremlin campaign to claim control over the internet, launching a million-dollar army of trolls to mold American public opinion as it cracks down on internet freedom at home.
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globalvoices.org globalvoices.org
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creating a new international news operation called Sputnik to “provide an alternative viewpoint on world events.” More and more, though, the Kremlin is manipulating the information sphere in more insidious ways.
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The New Yorker’s Sasha Frere-Jones called Twitter a “self-cleaning oven,” suggesting that false information could be flagged and self-corrected almost immediately. We no longer had to wait 24 hours for a newspaper to issue a correction.
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www.zephoria.org www.zephoria.org
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We’ve built an information ecosystem where information can fly through social networks (both technical and personal). Folks keep looking to the architects of technical networks to solve the problem. I’m confident that these companies can do a lot to curb some of the groups who have capitalized on what’s happening to seek financial gain. But the battles over ideology and attention are going to be far trickier. What’s at stake isn’t “fake news.” What’s at stake is the increasing capacity of those committed to a form of isolationist and hate-driven tribalism that has been around for a very long time. They have evolved with the information landscape, becoming sophisticated in leveraging whatever tools are available to achieve power, status, and attention. And those seeking a progressive and inclusive agenda, those seeking to combat tribalism to form a more perfect union — they haven’t kept up.
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Dissemination MechanismsFinally, we need to think about how this content is being disseminated. Some of it is being shared unwittingly by people on social media, clicking retweet without checking. Some of it is being amplified by journalists who are now under more pressure than ever to try and make sense and accurately report information emerging on the social web in real time. Some of it is being pushed out by loosely connected groups who are deliberately attempting to influence public opinion, and some of it is being disseminated as part of sophisticated disinformation campaigns, through bot networks and troll factories.
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When messaging is coordinated and consistent, it easily fools our brains, already exhausted and increasingly reliant on heuristics (simple psychological shortcuts) due to the overwhelming amount of information flashing before our eyes every day. When we see multiple messages about the same topic, our brains use that as a short-cut to credibility. It must be true we say — I’ve seen that same claim several times today.
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I saw Eliot Higgins present in Paris in early January, and he listed four ‘Ps’ which helped explain the different motivations. I’ve been thinking about these a great deal and using Eliot’s original list have identified four additional motivations for the creation of this type of content: Poor Journalism, Parody, to Provoke or ‘Punk’, Passion, Partisanship, Profit, Political Influence or Power, and Propaganda.This is a work in progress but once you start breaking these categories down and mapping them against one another you begin to see distinct patterns in terms of the types of content created for specific purposes.
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Back in November, I wrote about the different types of problematic information I saw circulate during the US election. Since then, I’ve been trying to refine a typology (and thank you to Global Voices for helping me to develop my definitions even further). I would argue there are seven distinct types of problematic content that sit within our information ecosystem. They sit on a scale, one that loosely measures the intent to deceive.
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By now we’ve all agreed the term “fake news” is unhelpful, but without an alternative, we’re left awkwardly using air quotes whenever we utter the phrase. The reason we’re struggling with a replacement is because this is about more than news, it’s about the entire information ecosystem. And the term fake doesn’t begin to describe the complexity of the different types of misinformation (the inadvertent sharing of false information) and disinformation (the deliberate creation and sharing of information known to be false).
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- Nov 2017
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digitallearning.middcreate.net digitallearning.middcreate.net
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the concept of information environmentalism
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- Oct 2017
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rampages.us rampages.us
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Anti-vaccinations groups, for example, have reliedon viral videos to sell the panic of vaccination side-effects
Unfortunately, this is very true. We can say the same about fake news. Such practices can contribute to hurting the validity of the overall data. The Twitter data is not collected with systematic investigation or systematic collection methods. This data collection method heavily relies on “public opinion”. I do think that if one wants to find general public sentiment or general public opinion, this is a great way to do it.
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- Sep 2017
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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The Environmental Cost of Misinformation: Why the Recommendation to Use Elevated Temperatures for Handwashing is Problematic.
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- Jun 2016
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fractastical.github.io fractastical.github.io
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which can be very sophisticated
Worth noting that they are becoming even more sophisticated greatly surpassing non-sophisticated voters.
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- Dec 2015
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christmind.info christmind.info
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RAJ: Good morning, Paul. I am glad to hear from you this morning. I know yesterday was a rugged day for you, as it also was for Susan.1 PAUL: I do not understand why it was necessary. However, I do not want to dwell on that level or in those feelings.
Answer: to question of what Raj is up to when he tells Paul that Maitreya (Christ) will make himself known on March 14 (yesterday in the timeframe of this chapter).
The footnote explains that Raj was making a point with Paul to not look outside himself for answers. They were expecting a life-changing announcement by a being revealing himself as the return of Christ. That's huge and Raj was playing them - telling them outright this was going to happen as proposed by Benjamin Creme.
This could feel like total and deliberate deceit on the part of Raj. The teacher must really know what he is doing...
The lesson - don't seek for answers outside of your Self.
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- Oct 2015
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christmind.info christmind.info
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It is true that there is infinite progression—infinite, universal progression. It is true that there is more to the infinite progression of Being than you can imagine at the present time. But, it is also true that there is an abundance of misinformation available on your planet regarding these subjects, which apparently have come through Masters, but which were coming through individualities who were caught in great mental complexities. They had not truly grown to the point of being the open Door. They were communicating their own theories and concepts. Tonight I let you have a taste of such theories and concepts.
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