- Jun 2020
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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In this paper a method is proposed to determine whether the result from an original study is corroborated in a replication study. The paper is illustrated using data from the reproducibility project psychology by the Open Science Collaboration. This method emphasizes the need to determine what one wants to replicate: the hypotheses as formulated in the introduction of the original paper, or hypotheses derived from the research results presented in the original paper. The Bayes factor will be used to determine whether the hypotheses evaluated in/resulting from the original study are corroborated by the replication study. Our method to assess the successfulness of replication will better fit the needs and desires of researchers in fields that use replication studies.
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Bayesian evaluation of replication studies
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URL
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Meyerhoff, H. S., Brand, A.-K., & Scholl, A. (2020). In Case of Doubt for the Suspicion?: When People Falsely Remember Facts in the News as Being Uncertain. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/rct7a
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2020-06-01
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10.31234/osf.io/rct7a
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Modern media report news remarkably fast, often before the information is confirmed. This general tendency is even more pronounced in times of an increasing demand for information, such as in the case of pressing natural phenomena or the pandemic spreading of diseases. Yet, even if early reports correctly identify their content as suspicions (rather than facts), recipients may not adequately consider the preliminary nature of such information. Theories on language processing suggest that understanding a suspicion requires its reconstruction as a factual assertion first—which can later be erroneously remembered. This would lead to a bias to remember and treat suspicions as if they were factual, rather than falling for the reverse mistake. In five experiments, however, we demonstrate the opposite pattern. Participants read news headlines with explanations for distinct events either in form of a fact or a suspicion (as still being under investigation). Both kinds of framings increased the participants’ belief in the correctness of the respective explanations to an equal extent (relative to receiving no explanation). Importantly, however, this effect was not mainly driven by a neglect of uncertainty cues. In contrast, three memory experiments (recognition and cued recall) revealed a reverse distortion: a bias to falsely remember and treat a presented “fact” as if it were merely a suspicion. These surprising results stress the importance of developing new theoretical accounts on the processing of (un-)certainty cues which take into account their broader context, such as source credibility and the presence of uncertainty in other unrelated headlines.
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In Case of Doubt for the Suspicion?: When People Falsely Remember Facts in the News as Being Uncertain
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www.jpost.com www.jpost.com
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2020-06-01
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Unlike OECD countries, India imposed a pre-emptive national lockdown when the total case count was still low.
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India's war against the coronavirus pandemic
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twitter.com twitter.com
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2020-06-02
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1) ACTIVE cases...shows which countries have 1) Peaked: Germany, S Korea, Japan, Italy, Spain... 2) Plateaued: France 3) Yet to peak: US, UK, Brazil, India...active cases still rising. 4) Second wave: Iran and.... Spain (?)
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How are countries recovering? 1) Some have peaked. 2) Some have plateaued. 3) Some still reporting rising ACTIVE cases...yet to peak. 4) Iran reporting big second wave...after initial peak.
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1) Total cases in hotspot countries (>150K cases) 2) Total deaths in hotspot countries (>3000 deaths)
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The Compound Daily Growth Rate = 10.43%
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1) TOTAL cases doubling in 15 days. 2) ACTIVE cases doubling in 25 days.
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#DailyUpdate #COVID19India As Total cases rise, the growth rate of ACTIVE cases= 2.8% - so doubling in 25 days. This is the lowest recorded rate (even after removing 'large recovery of 29th May' in Maharashtra). Need to double down on contact tracing & testing to slow further.
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Sun, R., Balabanova, A., Bajada, C. J., Liu, Y., Kriuchok, M., Voolma, S., … Fadhlia, T. N. (2020, June 2). Measuring emotion experience and wellbeing during COVID19 across the world. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/r7xaz
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2020-06-02
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10.31234/osf.io/r7xaz
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The COVID-19 pandemic presents a significant challenge to wellbeing for people around the world. Here, we examine which individual and societal factors can predict the extent to which individuals suffer or thrive during the COVID-19 outbreak, with survey data collected from 26,684 participants in 51 countries from 17 April to 15 May 2020. We show that wellbeing is linked to an individual’s recent experiences of specific momentary positive and negative emotions, including love, calm, determination, and loneliness. Higher socioeconomic status was associated with better wellbeing. The present study provides a rich map of emotional experiences and wellbeing around the world during the COVID-19 outbreak, and points to calm, connection, and control as central to our wellbeing at this time of collective crisis.
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Measuring emotion experience and wellbeing during COVID19 across the world
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Saiful Islam, Md., Sujan, S. H., Tasnim, R., Sikder, T., Potenza, M. N., & Van Os, J. (2020). Psychological responses during the COVID-19 outbreak among university students in Bangladesh [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/cndz7
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2020-06-02
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10.31234/osf.io/cndz7
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The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted many individuals, including university students typically at a developmental stage of emerging adulthood, and facing disruptions to their education. University students may be particularly vulnerable to the mental health sequelae of the current COVID-19-related lockdown in Bangladesh. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress and associated factors among university students in Bangladesh early in the COVID-19 outbreak. An internet-based survey was conducted from April 11 to April 24, 2020, involving 3,122 Bangladeshi university students aged 18 to 29 years (59.5% males; mean age 21.4±2 years). After providing informed consent, participants completed an internet-based survey assessing socio-demographic and personal lifestyle-related measures. The DASS-21 scale assessed depression, anxiety, and stress symptomatology. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. Prevalence estimates of depression, anxiety, and stress were 62.9%, 63.6%, and 58.6%, respectively. These rates tended to be higher than in previous surveys in the student population, particularly for the dimensions of stress and depression. Also, the pattern of associations with risk and demographic variables had shifted compared to previous work, suggesting situational impact on these. Depression, anxiety, and stress were prevalent among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic situation in April 2020 in Bangladesh. Although a causal relationship cannot be established, the findings suggest that monitoring and support programs may be useful to help students cope with the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Psychological responses during the COVID-19 outbreak among university students in Bangladesh
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Nettle, D., Johnson, E., Johnson, M., & Saxe, R. (2020). Why has the COVID-19 pandemic increased support for Universal Basic Income? [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/csr3u
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2020-06-02
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10.31234/osf.io/csr3u
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The 2020 global COVID-19 pandemic has led to a marked increase in positive discussion of Universal Basic Income (UBI) in political and media circles. However, we do not know whether there has been a corresponding increase in support for the policy in the public at large, or why. Here, we present two studies carried out in April and May 2020 in UK and US samples. In study 1 (n=802), we find that people express much stronger support for a UBI policy for the times of the pandemic and its aftermath than for normal times. This is largely explained by the increased importance they attach to a system that is simple and efficient to administer, and that reduces stress and anxiety in society. In study 2 (n=400), we pit UBI against an equally-generous but targeted social transfer system. We find that, for pandemic times, support shifts towards UBI. This is partially explained by a number of perceived advantages, such as simplicity of administration and suitability for a changing world. Our results illustrate how a changing social and economic situation can bring about marked shifts in policy preferences, through changes in citizen’s perceptions of what is currently important.
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Why has the COVID-19 pandemic increased support for Universal Basic Income?
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- May 2020
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Briki, W., & Dagot, L. (2020, May 29). “Liberate!” – Republicans Are More Willing to Get Back to Social Life Because They Are Less Scared of COVID-19. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/thuwd
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2020-05-29
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10.31234/osf.io/thuwd
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Grounded in the COVID-19 pandemic context in the United States, the study aimed at examining whether types of political ideology and types of political belongingness of the state’s governor could influence perceived COVID-19 threat and perceived gathering acceptability, and whether perceived COVID-19 threat could serve as a covariate. Native Americans, being either Republican or Democrat, living in a state governed by either a Republican or a Democrat, read a scenario about a banned social gathering. Results revealed that: (a) perceived COVID-19 threat was lower in Republicans than in Democrats, while perceived gathering acceptability was higher in Republicans than in Democrats; and (b) perceived COVID-19 threat mostly accounted for the impact of Republican ideology on perceived gathering acceptability. This research provides evidence that, relative to Democrats, Republicans are more willing to get back to the normal social life because they are less scared of being contaminated by the COVID-19 virus.
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“Liberate!” – Republicans Are More Willing to Get Back to Social Life Because They Are Less Scared of COVID-19
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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2020-05-29
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10.31234/osf.io/fngx5
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Self-isolation is a vital element of efforts to contain COVID-19. We report an online experiment with a nationally representative sample (N=500) that tested behaviourally informed decision aids to support self-isolation. The experiment had three stages that tested interventions designed to help individuals to: (i) decide whether they need to self-isolate; (ii) be confident in their ability to self-isolate should they need to; and (iii) manage a household in which an individual needs to self-isolate. Relative to prevailing public health advice, displaying decision trees improved participants’ decisions about when self-isolation was necessary, although they systematically underestimated the need to self-isolate in the presence of less common COVID-19 symptoms (e.g. sore throat, fatigue). Interaction with an online planning tool increased confidence about coping with self-isolation among adults aged under 40. Presenting advice in the form of infographics improved recall and comprehension of how to manage self-isolation. The study demonstrates how public health policy can benefit from behavioural pre-testing of interventions.
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Using Decision Aids to Support Self-Isolation During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Annotators
URL
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Gobbi, S., Plomecka, M., Ashraf, Z., Radziński, P., Neckels, R., Lazzeri, S., Dedić, A., Bakalović, A., Hrustić, L., Skórko, B., Es haghi, S., Almazidou, K., Rodríguez-Pino, L., Alp, A. B., Jabeen, H., Waller, V., Shibli, D., AghiliBehnam, M., Strutt, A. M., … Jawaid, A. (2020). Worsening of pre-existing psychiatric conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/x6cyg
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2020-05-29
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10.31234/osf.io/x6cyg
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This study anonymously examined 2,734 psychiatric patients worldwide for worsening of their pre-existing psychiatric condition during the COVID-19 pandemic. Valid responses mainly from 12 featured countries indicated self-reported worsening of psychiatric conditions in 2/3rd of the patients assessed that was validated through their significantly higher scores on scales for general psychological disturbance, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression. Female gender, feeling no control of the situation and reporting dissatisfaction with the response of the state during the COVID- 19 pandemic, and reduced interaction with family and friends increased the worsening of pre-existing psychiatric conditions, whereas optimism, ability to share concerns with family and friends and using social media like usual were associated with less worsening. An independent clinical investigation from the USA confirmed worsening of psychiatric conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic based on identification of new symptoms that necessitated clinical interventions such as dose adjustment or starting new medications in more than half of the patients.
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Worsening of pre-existing psychiatric conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic
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www.psychreg.org www.psychreg.org
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The Psychology Behind ‘Zoom Fatigue’ Explained. (2020, April 21). Psychreg. https://www.psychreg.org/zoom-fatigue/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Bertin, P., Nera, K., & Delouvée, S. (2020). Conspiracy beliefs, chloroquine, and the rejection of vaccination: A conceptual replication-extension in the COVID-19 pandemic context [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/rz78k
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anr.fr anr.fr
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Call for proposals details. (n.d.). Agence Nationale de La Recherche. Retrieved April 15, 2020, from https://anr.fr/en/call-for-proposals-details/call/flash-call-covid-19/
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Nogrady, B. (2020). Coronavirus shut-downs pose huge threat to Australian research jobs. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01407-4
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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Döhla, M., Boesecke, C., Schulte, B., Diegmann, C., Sib, E., Richter, E., Eschbach-Bludau, M., Aldabbagh, S., Marx, B., Eis-Hübinger, A.-M., Schmithausen, R. M., & Streeck, H. (2020). Rapid point-of-care testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a community screening setting shows low sensitivity. Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.04.009
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Hanel, P. H. P. (2020). Conducting High Impact Research With Limited Financial Resources (While Working From Home) [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/s3fcu
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Forscher, P. S., Wagenmakers, E.-J., DeBruine, L. M., Coles, N. A., Silan, M. A., & IJzerman, H. (2020). A Manifesto for Team Science [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/2mdxh
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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r/BehSciResearch—How do people search for, avoid and share information during COVID-19? (n.d.). Reddit. Retrieved April 20, 2020, from https://www.reddit.com/r/BehSciResearch/comments/fpvr1x/how_do_people_search_for_avoid_and_share/
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Richardson, S., & Spiegelhalter, D. (2020, April 12). Coronavirus statistics: What can we trust and what should we ignore? The Observer. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/12/coronavirus-statistics-what-can-we-trust-and-what-should-we-ignore
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www.apa.org www.apa.org
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Haight, T. A. P. A. gratefully acknowledges R. S., PsyD, psychologist, a V. clinical, Saskin, P., PhD, Breathing, clinical director of the M. P. C. for, City, S. D. in K., & sheet, M. for contributing to this fact. (n.d.). Getting a good night’s sleep. Https://Www.Apa.Org. Retrieved April 9, 2020, from https://www.apa.org/helpcenter/sleep-disorders
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www.bps.org.uk www.bps.org.uk
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statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu
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Bernheim, A., Mei, X., Huang, M., Yang, Y., Fayad, Z. A., Zhang, N., Diao, K., Lin, B., Zhu, X., Li, K., Li, S., Shan, H., Jacobi, A., & Chung, M. (2020). Chest CT Findings in Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19): Relationship to Duration of Infection. Radiology, 200463. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200463
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Rudolph, C., Allan, B., Clark, M., Hertel, G., Hirschi, A., Kunze, F., Shockley, K., Shoss, M., Sonnentag, S., & Zacher, H. (2020). Pandemics: Implications for Research and Practice in Industrial and Organizational Psychology [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k8us2
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www.apa.org www.apa.org
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Ethical guidance for the COVID-19 era. (n.d.). Https://Www.Apa.Org. Retrieved April 9, 2020, from https://www.apa.org/ethics/covid-19-guidance
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www.psychologicalscience.org www.psychologicalscience.org
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APS Roundtable: Psychological Science and COVID-19, What We Know and What We Can Do. (n.d.). Association for Psychological Science - APS. Retrieved April 16, 2020, from https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/aps-roundtable-psychological-science-and-covid-19-what-we-know-and-what-we-can-do.html
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www.bps.org.uk www.bps.org.uk
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BPS launches new behaviour change guidance to help reduce spread of Covid-19 | BPS. (n.d.). Retrieved April 21, 2020, from https://www.bps.org.uk/news-and-policy/bps-launches-new-behaviour-change-guidance-help-reduce-spread-covid-19
Tags
- policymaker
- personality
- COVID-19
- guidance
- lang:en
- reduce
- communicator
- insight
- behavior
- psychology
- clinical
- psychological
- change
- spread
- is:news
Annotators
URL
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Vaughan Bell en Twitter: “A brief guide for psychologists wanting to find research on the role of psychology relevant to COVID-19. You need to search for studies in the same way you search for studies normally. However, some pointers to sites and key words might be useful...” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 15, 2020, from https://twitter.com/vaughanbell/status/1242028124407242752
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Urbina-Garcia, D. A. (2020). Young Children’s Mental Health: Impact of Social Isolation During The COVID-19 Lockdown and Effective Strategies. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/g549x
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Aya Adra en Twitter: “I’m deeply angry at psychology at the moment, and I can’t think of an outlet for that anger. So, Twitter it is. #Phdchat #AcademicTwitter #AcademicChatter https://t.co/8YkfeGN7oN” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 16, 2020, from https://twitter.com/ayaadra1/status/1243881900797841409
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Crchartier, ~. (2020, March 13). The PSA Calls for Rapid and Impactful Study Proposals on COVID-19. Psychological Science Accelerator. https://psysciacc.org/2020/03/13/the-psa-calls-for-rapid-and-impactful-study-proposals-on-covid-19/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Sutin, A., Luchetti, M., Aschwanden, D., Lee, J., Sesker, A. A., Strickhouser, J., … Terracciano, A. (2020, May 6). Change in Five-Factor Model Personality Traits During the Acute Phase of the Coronavirus Pandemic. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/ja7b5
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thepsychologist.bps.org.uk thepsychologist.bps.org.uk
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Coronavirus – Psychological perspectives | The Psychologist. (n.d.). Retrieved April 27, 2020, from https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-33/april-2020/coronavirus-psychological-perspectives
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goodmorningamerica.com goodmorningamerica.com
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News, A. B. C. (n.d.). Tips to manage loneliness, anxiety while social distancing during coronavirus. ABC News. Retrieved April 9, 2020, from https://goodmorningamerica.com/wellness/story/tips-manage-loneliness-anxiety-social-distancing-coronavirus-69870287
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Anvari, F. (2020, March 26). A comment on Everett et al. (2020): No evidence for the effectiveness of moral messages on public health behavioural intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/de7q9
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www.bps.org.uk www.bps.org.uk
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Help us decide on the Covid-19 research priorities for psychological science | BPS. (n.d.). Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.bps.org.uk/news-and-policy/help-us-decide-covid-19-research-priorities-psychological-science
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Redelmeier, D. A., & Shafir, E. (2020). Pitfalls of judgment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Public Health, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30096-7
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www.apa.org www.apa.org
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Psychologist leads innovative approach to tackle psychological toll of COVID-19. (n.d.). Https://Www.Apa.Org. Retrieved April 9, 2020, from https://www.apa.org/news/apa/2020/03/psychologist-covid-19
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Freeston, M. H., Tiplady, A., Mawn, L., Bottesi, G., & Thwaites, S. (2020, April 14). Towards a model of uncertainty distress in the context of Coronavirus (Covid-19). https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/v8q6m
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Prinzing, M., De Freitas, J., & Fredrickson, B. (2020). The lay concept of a meaningful life: The role of subjective and objective factors in attributions of meaning [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/6sx4t
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projekte.uni-erfurt.de projekte.uni-erfurt.de
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Betsch, C., Wieler, L., Bosnjak, M., Ramharter, M., Stollorz, V., Omer, S., Korn, L., Sprengholz, P., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., & Schmid, P. (2020). Germany COVID-19 Snapshot MOnitoring (COSMO Germany): Monitoring knowledge, risk perceptions, preventive behaviours, and public trust in the current coronavirus outbreak in Germany. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.2776
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twitter.com twitter.com
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Padilla, L., Kay, M., & Hullman, J. (2020). Uncertainty Visualization [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ebd6r
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www.psychologicalscience.org www.psychologicalscience.org
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APS Backgrounder Series: Psychological Science and COVID-19: Working Remotely. (n.d.). Association for Psychological Science - APS. Retrieved April 21, 2020, from https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/backgrounder-covid-19-remote-work.html
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featuredcontent.psychonomic.org featuredcontent.psychonomic.org
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Mickes, L. (2020, April 2). A recipe for moving your physical lab to the online lab. Psychonomic Society Featured Content. https://featuredcontent.psychonomic.org/a-recipe-for-moving-your-physical-lab-to-the-online-lab/
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www.psychologicalscience.org www.psychologicalscience.org
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Social Scientists Scramble to Study Pandemic, In Real Time. (n.d.). Association for Psychological Science - APS. Retrieved April 20, 2020, from https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/social-scientists-scramble-to-study-pandemic-in-real-time.html
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docs.google.com docs.google.com
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COVID-19 psychology preprints. (n.d.). Google Docs. Retrieved April 28, 2020, from https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/18MRSOerGy6f0YuL5ftKHtA6nja1TxgU9NSwyyhfTWf4/edit?usp=embed_facebook
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www.bps.org.uk www.bps.org.uk
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Communications: Working with the media | BPS. (n.d.). Retrieved April 21, 2020, from https://www.bps.org.uk/about-us/communications/working-media
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Holmes, E. A., O’Connor, R. C., Perry, V. H., Tracey, I., Wessely, S., Arseneault, L., Ballard, C., Christensen, H., Silver, R. C., Everall, I., Ford, T., John, A., Kabir, T., King, K., Madan, I., Michie, S., Przybylski, A. K., Shafran, R., Sweeney, A., … Bullmore, E. (2020). Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: A call for action for mental health science. The Lancet Psychiatry, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30168-1
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Orgilés, M., Morales, A., Delvecchio, E., Mazzeschi, C., & Espada, J. P. (2020). Immediate psychological effects of the COVID-19 quarantine in youth from Italy and Spain [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5bpfz
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societyforhealthpsychology.org societyforhealthpsychology.org
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SfHP COVID-19 Resources. (2020, March 23). Society for Health Psychology. https://societyforhealthpsychology.org/sfhp-news/sfhp-covid-19-resources/
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osf.io osf.io
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Lieberoth, A., & Ćepulić, D.-B. (2020). COVIDiSTRESS global survey. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Z39US
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www.bps.org.uk www.bps.org.uk
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Knott, K., Co-Chair, P., Ong, L., Co-Chair, P., & Covid, D. (n.d.). Guidance for aspiring psychologists and their supervisors during Covid-19. 6.
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www.bps.org.uk www.bps.org.uk
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Code of Ethics and Conduct (2018) | BPS. (n.d.). Retrieved April 21, 2020, from https://www.bps.org.uk/news-and-policy/bps-code-ethics-and-conduct
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eu.usatoday.com eu.usatoday.com
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Coronavirus pandemic: Tips for how to cope with uncertainty, worry. (n.d.). Usatoday. Retrieved April 9, 2020, from https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/04/04/coronavirus-pandemic-tips-cope-uncertainty-worry/5097190002/
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www.improvingpsych.org www.improvingpsych.org
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SIPS 2020 – June 21-23, Victoria, Canada. (n.d.). Retrieved April 17, 2020, from https://www.improvingpsych.org/SIPS2020/
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www.zotero.org www.zotero.org
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Zotero | Groups > COVID-19 psych papers. (n.d.). Retrieved April 28, 2020, from https://www.zotero.org/groups/2472136/covid-19_psych_papers
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Blanchard, M. A., & Heeren, A. (2020). Why We Should Move from Reductionism and Embrace a Network Approach to Parental Burnout? [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/y34cq
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Lewis, N. A., Bravo, M., Naiman, S., Pearson, A. R., Romero-Canyas, R., Schuldt, J., & Song, H. (2020). Using Qualitative Approaches to Improve Quantitative Inferences in Environmental Psychology [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/eqyjp
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thehardestscience.com thehardestscience.com
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oxfordmedicine.com oxfordmedicine.com
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Greaves, I., & Hunt, P. (n.d.). Psychological Aspects of Major Incidents. In Oxford Manual of Major Incident Management. Oxford University Press. Retrieved April 9, 2020, from https://oxfordmedicine.com/view/10.1093/med/9780199238088.001.0001/med-9780199238088-chapter-14
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Van Bavel, J. J., Baicker, K., Boggio, P., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Crockett, M., … Willer, R. (2020, March 24). Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/y38m9
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thepsychologist.bps.org.uk thepsychologist.bps.org.uk
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‘We had to bring people together’ | The Psychologist. (n.d.). Retrieved May 6, 2020, from https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-33/may-2020/we-had-bring-people-together
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Soutter, A., & Mõttus, R. (2020). Political Preferences, Personality Traits, and Environmentalism. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/fm95k
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www.npr.org www.npr.org
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Can A Research Accelerator Solve The Psychology Replication Crisis? (n.d.). NPR.Org. Retrieved April 15, 2020, from https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/12/13/787567309/can-a-research-accelerator-solve-the-psychology-replication-crisis
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annals.org annals.org
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Restrepo, D., Armstrong, K. A., & Metlay, J. P. (2020). Annals Clinical Decision Making: Avoiding Cognitive Errors in Clinical Decision Making. Annals of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.7326/M19-3692
Tags
- error
- morbidity
- lang:en
- therapeutic option
- cognitive
- diagnosis
- is:article
- psychology
- clinical
- decision-making
- misdiagnosis
Annotators
URL
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www.tandfonline.com www.tandfonline.com
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Angner, E. (2006). Economists as experts: Overconfidence in theory and practice. Journal of Economic Methodology, 13(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501780600566271
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www.managers.org.uk www.managers.org.uk
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A new psychology of work: Workplaces in the post-Coronavirus era. (n.d.). Retrieved May 12, 2020, from https://www.managers.org.uk:443/insights/news/2020/may/a-new-psychology-of-work-workplaces-in-the-post-coronavirus-era
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De Neys, W., Raoelison, M., Boissin, E., Voudouri, A., Bago, B., & Bialek, M. (2020). MORAL OUTRAGE AND SOCIAL DISTANCING: BAD OR BADLY INFORMED CITIZENS? [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/j9h76
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Mayer, Y., Etgar, S., Shiffman, N., & Lurie, I. (2020). The Fear of COVID-19 Familial Infection Scale: Initial Psychometric Examination [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/edwta
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www.psychologicalscience.org www.psychologicalscience.org
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APS Wikipedia Initiative. (n.d.). Association for Psychological Science - APS. Retrieved April 17, 2020, from https://www.psychologicalscience.org/members/aps-wikipedia-initiative
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Grossmann, I., Weststrate, N. M., Ardelt, M., Brienza, J. P., Dong, M., Ferrari, M., Fournier, M. A., Hu, C. S., Nusbaum, H., & Vervaeke, J. (2020). The Science of Wisdom in a Polarized World: Knowns and Unknowns [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/w9ygc
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www.tandfonline.com www.tandfonline.com
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Bostrom, A., Böhm, G., O’Connor, R. E., Hanss, D., Bodi-Fernandez, O., & Halder, P. (2020). Comparative risk science for the coronavirus pandemic. Journal of Risk Research, 0(0), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2020.1756384
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Kroencke, L., Geukes, K., Utesch, T., Kuper, N., & Back, M. (2020). Neuroticism and Emotional Risk During the Covid-19 Pandemic [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8c6nh
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jamanetwork.com jamanetwork.com
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Stephenson, J. (2020). European Medicines Agency Tackles Potential Shortages of Drugs for Treating COVID-19. JAMA Health Forum, 1(4), e200485–e200485. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2020.0485
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www.cambridge.org www.cambridge.org
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Kaufman, K. R., Petkova, E., Bhui, K. S., & Schulze, T. G. (undefined/ed). A global needs assessment in times of a global crisis: World psychiatry response to the COVID-19 pandemic. BJPsych Open, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2020.25
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Horton, R. (2020). Offline: Health in the unhappy time of COVID-19. The Lancet, 395(10237), 1600. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31206-X
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coronavirusexplained.ukri.org coronavirusexplained.ukri.org
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explained, C. the science. (n.d.). Coronavirus: The science explained. Retrieved May 11, 2020, from https://coronavirusexplained.ukri.org/en/
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sciencebusiness.net sciencebusiness.net
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What’s the COVID-19 re-entry plan? Experts debate Europe’s tricky road ahead. (n.d.). Science|Business. Retrieved April 20, 2020, from https://sciencebusiness.net/news/whats-covid-19-re-entry-plan-experts-debate-europes-tricky-road-ahead
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Veer, I. M., Riepenhausen, A., Zerban, M., Wackerhagen, C., Engen, H., Puhlmann, L., … Kalisch, R. (2020, April 22). Mental resilience in the Corona lockdown: First empirical insights from Europe. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/4z62t
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www.economist.com www.economist.com
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How deep will downturns in rich countries be? (n.d.). The Economist. Retrieved April 22, 2020, from https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2020/04/16/how-deep-will-downturns-in-rich-countries-be?fsrc=scn/tw/te/bl/ed/pickingofftheweakhowdeepwilldownturnsinrichcountriesbefinanceandeconomics
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www.mittellaendische.ch www.mittellaendische.ch
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COVID-19—Eine Zwischenbilanz oder eine Analyse der Moral, der medizinischen Fakten, sowie der aktuellen und zukünftigen politischen Entscheidungen. (2020, April 7). DIE MITTELLÄNDISCHE ZEITUNG - FÜR MEHR DURCHBLICK. https://www.mittellaendische.ch/2020/04/07/covid-19-eine-zwischenbilanz-oder-eine-analyse-der-moral-der-medizinischen-fakten-sowie-der-aktuellen-und-zuk%C3%BCnftigen-politischen-entscheidungen/
Tags
- lang:de
- COVID-19
- cardiovascular
- moral
- comparison
- China
- origin
- is:news
- Trump
- media
- mortality
- influenza
- USA
- EU
- post COVID-19
- Switzerland
Annotators
URL
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EU Datathon 2020—EU Datathon—Publications Office of the EU. (n.d.). Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eudatathon
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analysis.covid19healthsystem.org analysis.covid19healthsystem.org
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How are countries centralizing governance and at what stage are they doing it? – Cross-Country Analysis. (n.d.). Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://analysis.covid19healthsystem.org/index.php/2020/04/19/how-are-countries-centralizing-governance-and-at-what-stage-are-they-doing-it/
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www.healtheuropa.eu www.healtheuropa.eu
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Halim, S. (2019, August 13). How Artificial Intelligence can revolutionise healthcare. Health Europa. https://www.healtheuropa.eu/how-artificial-intelligence-can-revolutionise-healthcare/92824/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Sękowski, M., Gambin, M., Hansen, K., Holas, P., Hyniewska, S., Pluta, A., Sobańska, M., & Łojek, E. (2020). Risk of Developing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in COVID-19 Survivors: What Should Mental Health Specialists Prepare For? [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/bnkve
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github.com github.com
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petermr. (2020). Petermr/openVirus [HTML]. https://github.com/petermr/openVirus (Original work published 2020)
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Flesia, L., Fietta, V., Colicino, E., Segatto, B., & Monaro, M. (2020, April 24). Stable psychological traits predict perceived stress related to the COVID-19 outbreak. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/yb2h8
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Aslak, U., & Alessandretti, L. (2020). Infostop: Scalable stop-location detection in multi-user mobility data. ArXiv:2003.14370 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2003.14370
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Mancastroppa, M., Burioni, R., Colizza, V., & Vezzani, A. (2020). Active and inactive quarantine in epidemic spreading on adaptive activity-driven networks. ArXiv:2004.07902 [Cond-Mat, Physics:Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.07902
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github.com github.com
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DataForScience/Epidemiology101. (2020). [Jupyter Notebook]. Data For Science. https://github.com/DataForScience/Epidemiology101 (Original work published 2020)
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Horton, R. (2020). Offline: A global health crisis? No, something far worse. The Lancet, 395(10234), 1410. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31017-5
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jamanetwork.com jamanetwork.com
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Chokshi, D. A., & Katz, M. H. (2020). Emerging Lessons From COVID-19 Response in New York City. JAMA Health Forum, 1(4), e200487–e200487. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2020.0487
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www.nber.org www.nber.org
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Eichenbaum, M., Rebelo, S., & Trabandt, M. (2020). The Macroeconomics of Epidemics (No. w26882; p. w26882). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w26882
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Mbopi-Keou, F.-X., Pondi, J.-E., & Sosso, M. A. (2020). COVID-19 in Cameroon: A crucial equation to resolve. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30373-X
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support.google.com support.google.com
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COVID-19 Medical Misinformation Policy—YouTube Help. (n.d.). Retrieved May 26, 2020, from https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/9891785?hl=en#annotations:53lvgpt_EeqmRf84xl6gxA
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www.cambridge.org www.cambridge.org
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Loewenstein, G., & Chater, N. (2017). Putting nudges in perspective. Behavioural Public Policy, 1(1), 26–53. https://doi.org/10.1017/bpp.2016.7
Tags
- policymaker
- policy
- behavioral science
- lang:en
- nudge
- behavioral economics
- economic
- is:article
- economy
- decision-making
- nudging
Annotators
URL
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Lanovaz, M., & Turgeon, S. (2020). Tutorial: Applying Machine Learning in Behavioral Research [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/9w6a3
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2020-05-20
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10.31234/osf.io/9w6a3
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Machine learning algorithms hold promise in revolutionizing how educators and clinicians make decisions. However, researchers in behavior analysis have been slow to adopt this methodology to further develop their understanding of human behavior and improve the application of the science to problems of applied significance. One potential explanation for the scarcity of research is that machine learning is not typically taught as part of training programs in behavior analysis. This tutorial aims to address this barrier by promoting increased research using machine learning in behavior analysis. First, we present how to apply the random forest, support vector machine, stochastic gradient descent, and k-nearest neighbors algorithms on a small dataset to better identify parents who would benefit from a behavior analytic online training. Second, we use artificial neural networks to develop a model that automatically analyzes ABAB graphs. Together, these examples should allow researchers to apply machine learning algorithms to novel research questions and datasets.
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Tutorial: Applying Machine Learning in Behavioral Research
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Carey, B. (2020, March 19). Complacency, Not Panic, Is the Real Danger. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/19/health/coronavirus-panic-anxiety.html
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Farias, J. E. M., & Pilati, R. (2020). Violating social distancing amid COVID-19 pandemic: Psychological factors to improve compliance [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/apg9e
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Radulescu, A., Holmes, K., & Niv, Y. (2020). On the convergent validity of risk sensitivity measures [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qdhx4
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Romero-Rivas, C., & Rodríguez-Cuadrado, S. (2020, April 28). Moral decision-making and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/8whkg
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www.jpost.com www.jpost.com
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‘Israel needs better coronavirus communication.’ (n.d.). The Jerusalem Post | JPost.Com. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/israel-needs-better-coronavirus-communication-626765
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Globig, L. K., Blain, B., & Sharot, T. (2020). When Private Optimism meets Public Despair: Dissociable effects on behavior and well-being [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/gbdn8
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2020-05-29
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10.31234/osf.io/gbdn8
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When faced with a threat, peoples’ estimate of risk guides their response. When danger is to the self as well as to others two estimates are generated: the risk to oneself and the risk to others. As these estimates likely differ, it is unclear how exactly they drive a response. To answer this question, we studied a large representative sample of Americans facing the COVID-19 pandemic at two time points (N1=1145, N2=683). We discover a paradoxical duality: a tendency to be optimistic about one’s own risk of infection (private optimism) while at the same time to be pessimistic about the risk to others (public pessimism). These two estimates were found to be differentially related to affect and choice. First, private optimism, but not public pessimism, was associated with people’s positive feelings. The association between private optimism and positive affect was mediated by people’s sense of agency over their future. However, negative affect was related to both private risk perception and public risk perception. Second, people predominantly engaged in protective behaviors based on their estimated risk to the population rather than to themselves. This suggests that people were predominantly engaging in protective behaviors for the benefit of others. The findings are important for understanding how people’s beliefs about their own future and that of others are related to protective behaviors and well-being.
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When Private Optimism meets Public Despair: Dissociable effects on behavior and well-being
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misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu
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Makhortykh, M., Urman, A., & Ulloa, R. (2020). How search engines disseminate information about COVID-19 and why they should do better. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, 1(COVID-19 and Misinformation). https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-017
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Cox, D. J. (2020). A guide to establishing ethics committees in behavioral health settings [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/br67g
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blogs.lse.ac.uk blogs.lse.ac.uk
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says, M. A. (2020, April 27). Science in inaction – The shifting priorities of the UK government’s response to COVID-19 highlights the need for publicly accountable expert advice. Impact of Social Sciences. https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2020/04/27/science-in-inaction-the-shifting-priorities-of-the-uk-governments-response-to-covid-19-highlights-the-need-for-publicly-accountable-expert-advice/
Tags
- policymaker
- COVID-19
- expert
- science
- shift
- priority
- transparency
- lang:en
- advice
- is:blog
- government
- inaction
- UK
- decision-making
- response
Annotators
URL
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Peikert, A., & Brandmaier, A. M. (2019). A Reproducible Data Analysis Workflow with R Markdown, Git, Make, and Docker. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8xzqy
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Net-COVID Session3A: Human mobility and control measures in the COVID-19 epidemic by Sam Scarpino. (n.d.). Retrieved April 27, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrrGxJT6-iA&feature=youtu.be
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www.sjdm.org www.sjdm.org
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[Jdm-society] Decision on re-opening economies. (n.d.). Retrieved April 21, 2020, from http://www.sjdm.org/mail-archive/jdm-society/2020-April/008496.html
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Malik, S. (2020). Knowledge of COVID-19 Symptoms and Prevention among Pakistani Adults: A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/wakmz
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Imhoff, R., & Lamberty, P. (2020, April 14). A bioweapon or a hoax? The link between distinct conspiracy beliefs about the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak and pandemic behavior. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ye3ma
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Alper, S., Bayrak, F., & Yilmaz, O. (2020). Psychological Correlates of COVID-19 Conspiracy Beliefs and Preventive Measures: Evidence from Turkey [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mt3p4
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theconversation.com theconversation.com
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Cook, J., & Lewandowsky, S. (n.d.). Coronavirus conspiracy theories are dangerous – here’s how to stop them spreading. The Conversation. Retrieved April 21, 2020, from http://theconversation.com/coronavirus-conspiracy-theories-are-dangerous-heres-how-to-stop-them-spreading-136564
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Lobato, E. J. C., Powell, M., Padilla, L., & Holbrook, C. (2020). Factors Predicting Willingness to Share COVID-19 Misinformation. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/r4p5z
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Sternisko, A., Cichocka, A., Cislak, A., & Van Bavel, J. J. (2020). Collective narcissism predicts the belief and dissemination of conspiracy theories during the COVID-19 pandemic [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/4c6av
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Warzel, C. (2020, April 3). Opinion | What We Pretend to Know About the Coronavirus Could Kill Us. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/03/opinion/sunday/coronavirus-fake-news.html
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Hertz, U. (2020). Cognitive learning processes account for asymmetries in adaptations to new social norms [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/7thku
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www.cebm.net www.cebm.net
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UK Data for Assessing COVID-19 Activity. (n.d.). CEBM. Retrieved May 12, 2020, from https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/covid-19-uk-data-for-assessing-the-way-out-of-lockdown/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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zaki, jamil. (2020). Catastrophe compassion: Understanding and extending prosociality under crisis [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ubdz7
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elifesciences.org elifesciences.org
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Achakulvisut, T., Ruangrong, T., Bilgin, I., Van Den Bossche, S., Wyble, B., Goodman, D. F., & Kording, K. P. (2020). Improving on legacy conferences by moving online. ELife, 9, e57892. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.57892
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www.bbc.com www.bbc.com
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“Thousands missing out on cancer diagnosis.” (2020, April 22). BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/health-52382303
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Scherer, L. D., Valentine, K. D., Patel, N., Baker, S. G., & Fagerlin, A. (2019). A bias for action in cancer screening? Journal of Experimental Psychology. Applied, 25(2), 149–161. https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000177
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Holcombe, A. (2019). Farewell authors, hello contributors. Nature, 571(7764), 147–147. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-02084-8
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Alex Holcombe en Twitter: “Large numbers of researchers are coming together to work on new projects, because of COVID-19, for example with @PsySciAcc. But journals’’ authorship ‘guidelines’ (rules) deter these large-scale collaborations." / Twitter.” (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 15, 2020, from https://twitter.com/ceptional/status/1242033904346730496
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www.stiftung-nv.de www.stiftung-nv.de
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Dark Patterns: Regulating Digital Design. (2020, May 13). https://www.stiftung-nv.de/en/publication/dark-patterns-regulating-digital-design
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theconversation.com theconversation.com
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Freyens, B., & Hawkins, J. (n.d.). Contact tracing apps: A behavioural economist’s guide to improving uptake. The Conversation. Retrieved May 4, 2020, from http://theconversation.com/contact-tracing-apps-a-behavioural-economists-guide-to-improving-uptake-137157
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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editor, P. B. S. policy. (2020, May 3). NHS coronavirus crisis volunteers frustrated at lack of tasks. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/03/nhs-coronavirus-crisis-volunteers-frustrated-at-lack-of-tasks
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twitter.com twitter.comTwitter1
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ReconfigBehSci en Twitter: “a google doc tracking all app development: https://t.co/vzmyWWF0qj” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 16, 2020, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1243171088256860160
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nexus.od.nih.gov nexus.od.nih.gov
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Santangelo, G. (2020, April 15). New NIH Resource to Analyze COVID-19 Literature: The COVID-19 Portfolio Tool. NIH Extramural Nexus. https://nexus.od.nih.gov/all/2020/04/15/new-nih-resource-to-analyze-covid-19-literature-the-covid-19-portfolio-tool/
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www.covidcrisislab.unibocconi.eu www.covidcrisislab.unibocconi.euAbout us1
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About us. (n.d.). Retrieved May 5, 2020, from /wps/wcm/connect/Site/CovidCrisisLab/Home/About+us
Tags
- COVID-19
- policy
- lang:en
- healthcare
- society
- is:webpage
- consequence
- analysis
- implication
- laboratory
- research
- health
- financial
- legal
- lab
- economy
- crisis
- population
Annotators
URL
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Ayers, J. D., Beltran, D. G., Alcock, J., Baciu, C., Claessens, S., Cronk, L., Hudson, N., Miller, G., Tidball, K., Winfrey, P., Zarka, E., Todd, P. M., & Aktipis, A. (2020). How is the COVID-19 pandemic affecting cooperation? [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/pk6jy
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Branas-Garza, P., Caldentey, P., Espin, A. M., García, T., & Román, A. H. (2020). Exposure to economic inequality at the age of 8 enhances prosocial behavior in adult life [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nkz5a
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Mei, X., Lee, H.-C., Diao, K., Huang, M., Lin, B., Liu, C., Xie, Z., Ma, Y., Robson, P. M., Chung, M., Bernheim, A., Mani, V., Calcagno, C., Li, K., Li, S., Shan, H., Lv, J., Zhao, T., Xia, J., … Yang, Y. (2020). Artificial intelligence for rapid identification of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MedRxiv, 2020.04.12.20062661. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.12.20062661
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Rodríguez-Flores, M. A., & Papadopoulos, F. (2020). Hyperbolic Mapping of Human Proximity Networks. ArXiv:2005.13216 [Cond-Mat, Physics:Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.13216
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2020-05-27
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arXiv:2005.13216v1
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Human proximity networks are temporal networks representing the close-range proximity among humans in a physical space. They have been extensively studied in the past 15 years as they are critical for understanding the spreading of diseases and information among humans. Here we address the problem of mapping human proximity networks into hyperbolic spaces. Each snapshot of these networks is often very sparse, consisting of a small number of interacting (i.e., non-zero degree) nodes. Yet, we show that the time-aggregated representation of such systems over sufficiently large periods can be meaningfully embedded into the hyperbolic space, using existing methods developed for traditional complex networks. We justify this compatibility theoretically and validate it experimentally. We produce hyperbolic maps of six different real systems, and show that the maps can be used to identify communities, facilitate efficient greedy routing on the temporal network, and predict future links with significant precision.
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Hyperbolic Mapping of Human Proximity Networks
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Nunes, A., Trappenberg, T., & Alda, M. (2020). The Definition and Measurement of Heterogeneity. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/3hykf
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2020-05-19
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10.31234/osf.io/3hykf
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Heterogeneity is an important concept in psychiatric research and science more broadly. It negatively impacts effect size estimates under case-control paradigms, and it exposes important flaws in our existing categorical nosology. Yet, our field has no precise definition of heterogeneity proper. We tend to quantify heterogeneity by measuring associated correlates such as entropy or variance: practices which are akin to accepting the radius of a sphere as a measure of its volume. Under a definition of heterogeneity as the degree to which a system deviates from perfect conformity, this paper argues that its proper measure roughly corresponds to the size of a system’s event/sample space, and has units known as numbers equivalent. We arrive at this conclusion through focused review of more than 100 years of (re)discoveries of indices by ecologists, economists, statistical physicists, and others. In parallel, we review psychiatric approaches for quantifying heterogeneity, including but not limited to studies of symptom heterogeneity, microbiome biodiversity, cluster-counting, and time-series analyses. We argue that using numbers equivalent heterogeneity measures could improve the interpretability and synthesis of psychiatric research on heterogeneity. However, significant limitations must be overcome for these measures—largely developed for economic and ecological research—to be useful in modern translational psychiatric science.
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The Definition and Measurement of Heterogeneity
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Dhami, M. K., & Mandel, D. R. (2020). UK and US policies for communicating probability in intelligence analysis: A review [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/kuyhb
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2020-05-20
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10.31234/osf.io/kuyhb
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This chapter from the forthcoming NATO SAS-114 final report examines the standards used in the US and UK to communicate probability in intelligence analysis in light of the extant literature on the communication of uncertainty.
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UK and US policies for communicating probability in intelligence analysis: A review
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Ryan, W., & Evers, E. (2020). Logarithmic Axis Graphs Distort Lay Judgment. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/cwt56
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2020-05-20
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10.31234/osf.io/cwt56
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COVID-19 data is often presented using graphs with either a linear or logarithmic scale. Given the importance of this information, understanding how choice of scale changes interpretations is critical. To test this, we presented laypeople with the same data plotted using differing scales. We found that graphs with a logarithmic, as opposed to linear, scale resulted in laypeople making less accurate predictions of growth, viewing COVID-19 as less dangerous, and expressing both less support for policy interventions and less intention to take personal actions to combat COVID-19. Education reduces, but does not eliminate these effects. These results suggest that public communications should use logarithmic graphs only when necessary, and such graphs should be presented alongside education and linear graphs of the same data whenever possible.
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Logarithmic Axis Graphs Distort Lay Judgment
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