241 Matching Annotations
  1. Nov 2024
  2. Oct 2024
    1. Résumé de la vidéo [00:00:00][^1^][1] - [00:07:04][^2^][2]:

      Cette vidéo présente les "temps d'échanges en famille" (TEF), un outil de communication pour améliorer les relations familiales et organiser le quotidien. Voici les points clés abordés :

      Temps forts: + [00:00:00][^3^][3] Introduction des TEF * Outil de communication familial * Importance de la communication continue * Organisation hebdomadaire + [00:01:00][^4^][4] Organisation des TEF * Durée de 15 à 30 minutes * Tour des compliments * Suivi des solutions et posage des problèmes + [00:02:22][^5^][5] Participation des enfants * Acteurs de la réunion * Solutions proposées par les enfants * Planification des moments familiaux + [00:03:52][^6^][6] Bénéfices des TEF * Amélioration des relations familiales * Développement de l'autonomie des enfants * Meilleure organisation du quotidien + [00:05:02][^7^][7] Jeux pour lancer les discussions * Jeux pour faciliter les échanges * Création de liens familiaux * Moments de communication agréables

  3. Sep 2024
  4. Aug 2024
    1. we know from previous large transitions in history that you never change the world  by having everyone on board. You change the world by having large enough minorities  that can tip quite inert majority to move in the right direction

      for - social tipping points - quote - Johan Rockstrom

      quote - social tipping points - Johan Rockstrom - (see below) - We know from previous large transitions in history that - You never change the world by having everyone on board.. - You change the world by having large enough minorities<br /> - that can tip quite inert majority to move in the right direction. - When you look at the world of sustainability. - in many societies in the world, we are actually a double digit penetration - on sustainable solutions, - on people's awareness, - on willingness to even politically vote for green or, sustainable options. - So we're very close to that positive tipping point as well. - and that's another reason why it's not the moment to back down. - Now is the moment to just increase momentum.

  5. Jul 2024
    1. that's part of the logic of agriculture isn't it i mean you have a lot of work to do yeah a lot of people you know but there again you're you're in a progress trap or or a treadmill that you need more children 00:48:57 so you can work more land and then that more land provides more food so you have yet more children

      for - progress trap - the agricultural-large family positive feedback loop

      progress trap - the agricultural-large family positive feedback loop - Interesting to compare modern vs agricultural societies - Populations are dropping in most western countries around the contemporary world, yet - traditional agricultural societies had large families to tend to large amount of agricultural work - There is a progress trap potential with encouraging many large families with a limited land resource: - If you have larger families, you can cultivate more land - If you cultivate more land, you can have even larger family - until you reach a point when the land has been exhausted and you are now forced to reduce the population

    1. Dr. Sönke AhrensOn page 117 of "How to Take Smart Notes" you write the following: "The slip-box not only confronts us with dis-confirming information, butalso helps with what is known as the feature-positive effect (Allison andMessick 1988; Newman, Wolff, and Hearst 1980; Sainsbury 1971). This isthe phenomenon in which we tend to overstate the importance of informationthat is (mentally) easily available to us and tilts our thinking towards the mostrecently acquired facts, not necessarily the most relevant ones. Withoutexternal help, we would not only take exclusively into account what weknow, but what is on top of our heads.[35] The slip-box constantly remindsus of information we have long forgotten and wouldn’t remember otherwise –so much so, we wouldn’t even look for it."My question for you: Why have you chosen to use the Feature-Positive Effect as the phenomenon to make your point and not the recency bias?The recency bias seems more aligned with your point of our minds favoring recently learned information/knowledge over already existing, perhaps more relevant, cognitive schemata.To my mind, the FPE states that it is easier to detect patterns when the unique stimuli indicating the pattern is present rather than absent... In the following example:Pattern in this sequence: 1235 8593 0591 2531 8532 (all numbers have a 5; the unique feature is present) Pattern in this sequence: 1236 8193 0291 2931 8472 (no numbers contain a 5; the unique feature is absent)The pattern in the first sequence is more easily spotted than the pattern in the second sequence, this is the feature-positive effect. This has not much to do with your point.I do get what you are coming from, namely that we are biased towards what is more readily in mind; however, the extension of this argument with the comparison of relevance vs. time makes the recency bias or availability heuristic more applicable; and also easier to explain in my opinion.Once again, I am simply curious what made you choose the FPE as the phenomenon to explain.I hope you take the time to read this and respond to it. Thanks in advance.Sources in the comments
    2. Hey Matthew, it's a fair point. Without having the whole passage or a previous draft in front of me, it could be simply the outcome of the editing process. It does read like you said: as if I had recency bias in mind (next to other fitting ones), which then got lost after having shortened it for readability. That's my best guess. Even though it is tempting in these cases to come up with some post-hoc, smart sounding reason...

      Response by Ahrens to my question/criticism

  6. Jun 2024
    1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q6N8PEeqFs8

      Résumé de la vidéo [00:00:00][^1^][1] - [00:21:48][^2^][2]:

      Cette vidéo présente une interview avec la psychologue Sonia de la Haig, qui discute de son livre sur la maltraitance invisible des enfants et critique les méthodes éducatives autoritaires promues par Caroline Goldman. Sonia souligne l'importance d'une éducation bienveillante et de comprendre les besoins des enfants pour favoriser leur développement optimal.

      Points forts: + [00:00:00][^3^][3] Introduction à l'interview * Présentation de Sonia de la Haig et de son livre * Discussion sur l'éducation à la soumission et la critique des médias + [00:02:56][^4^][4] L'éducation bienveillante avant la crise COVID * L'importance des neurosciences et de la discipline positive * La nécessité d'ajuster l'éducation aux besoins de l'enfant + [00:03:44][^5^][5] Le retour au châtiment psychologique * Critique des méthodes punitives comme le "timeout" * Dangers de la séquestration mentale et du confinement + [00:10:01][^6^][6] Références dépassées dans l'éducation * Discussion sur les idées obsolètes et la vision négative de l'enfant * L'approche de Goldman comparée aux pratiques anciennes et punitives + [00:15:21][^7^][7] Facteurs influençant le comportement des enfants * L'impact de l'alimentation, du sommeil et des écrans sur les enfants * L'importance d'une approche globale incluant la nutrition et l'activité physique

  7. Mar 2024
    1. 3. Importance of feedback For a positive user experience, feedback plays a significant role. If the users get appropriate and quick feedback from a physical or digital design, they can gain interest, leading to a good user experience. The importance of immediate feedback gets even more pronounced in the case of kids when their attention span is less than that of adults.

      Feedback and how important it is.

    1. Résumé vidéo [00:00:00][^1^][1] - [00:23:47][^2^][2]:

      La vidéo aborde le sujet de la parentalité bienveillante, ses principes, ses pratiques et les dérives potentielles. Elle met en lumière les défis auxquels les parents sont confrontés et les influences extérieures qui peuvent affecter leur approche éducative.

      Points forts: + [00:00:00][^3^][3] Introduction au sujet * La parentalité sans mode d'emploi + [00:01:08][^4^][4] Pressions sur les parents * Impact de la psychanalyse en France + [00:03:06][^5^][5] Justifications courantes * Clichés sur l'éducation stricte + [00:03:32][^6^][6] Parentalité bienveillante * Remise en question des pratiques éducatives + [00:04:01][^7^][7] Approche sceptique * Analyse critique des discours et pratiques + [00:05:05][^8^][8] Invitée sceptique * Expérience personnelle et vue d'ensemble Résumé de la vidéo [00:23:48][^1^][1] - [00:47:43][^2^][2]:

      La vidéo discute des défis de la parentalité et des problèmes liés aux institutions de soutien parental en France. Elle aborde le désengagement des pouvoirs publics, les préjugés contre les PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile), et les idées fausses sur les méthodes de parentalité bienveillante.

      Points forts: + [00:23:48][^3^][3] Défis de la parentalité * Manque de soutien public * Misconceptions about PMI + [00:27:00][^4^][4] Maison verte de Dolto * Lieu de sociabilisation * Prévention des troubles + [00:30:00][^5^][5] Difficultés parentales * Gestion du sommeil et stress * Importance du respect envers les enfants + [00:31:04][^6^][6] Anonymat sur internet * Droit à la vie privée * Risques de harcèlement + [00:40:23][^7^][7] Pseudo-science dans la parentalité * Influence des fausses médecines * Critique de l'ostéopathie crânienne Résumé de la vidéo [00:47:45][^1^][1] - [01:10:01][^2^][2]:

      Cette partie de la vidéo aborde les pratiques controversées dans la parentalité bienveillante, en particulier la frenotomie (coupe des freins de langue) chez les nourrissons, et les dérives associées à certaines recommandations influentes sur les réseaux sociaux.

      Points forts: + [00:47:45][^3^][3] La frenotomie controversée * Risques et manque de consensus + [00:48:19][^4^][4] Consentement et parentalité * Paradoxe du consentement des enfants + [00:49:02][^5^][5] Diagnostic et influenceurs * Diagnostics douteux par des non-professionnels + [00:50:07][^6^][6] 'Mafia du frein' et rétrocommissions * Soupçons de conflits d'intérêts + [00:51:02][^7^][7] Cas pathologiques vs. pratiques massives * Nécessité d'un diagnostic professionnel + [00:53:20][^8^][8] Vaccination et parentalité bienveillante * Discussion sur l'anti-vaccination dans le milieu Résumé de la vidéo [01:10:03][^1^][1] - [01:32:36][^2^][2]:

      La vidéo aborde les problèmes liés à la parentalité, notamment le cododo, la critique de la parentalité bienveillante, et les réactions face aux critiques. Elle souligne l'importance de ne pas être dogmatique et d'éviter les dérives sectaires dans la parentalité.

      Points forts: + [01:10:03][^3^][3] Le cododo et ses problèmes * Varie selon les bébés et les parents + [01:10:30][^4^][4] La critique de la parentalité bienveillante * Dangers du dogmatisme et des dérives sectaires + [01:11:08][^5^][5] Annonce d'une future discussion * Sujet sur la myopathie + [01:11:59][^6^][6] Réaction aux critiques * Expérience personnelle avec la parentalité bienveillante + [01:15:16][^7^][7] Accusations et harcèlement * Conséquences d'une critique ouverte + [01:17:19][^8^][8] Menaces et doxxing * Risques liés à l'expression d'opinions critiques Résumé de la vidéo [01:32:37][^1^][1] - [01:39:30][^2^][2]:

      Cette partie de la vidéo aborde les dangers de suivre les conseils de santé d'influenceurs non qualifiés, l'importance de consulter des médecins compétents, et les problèmes liés aux retards de prise en charge médicale dus aux fausses croyances.

      Points forts: + [01:32:37][^3^][3] Conseils de santé d'influenceurs * Risques de suivre des non-professionnels * Importance de consulter des médecins + [01:35:11][^4^][4] Parentalité et hétéronormativité * Questions sur la parentalité LGBT * Critique de l'hétéronormativité dans la parentalité + [01:36:35][^5^][5] Critique constructive * Pas de fatalité dans les erreurs * Importance de la bienveillance dans la critique

    1. Résumé de la vidéo [00:00:00][^1^][1] - [00:25:00][^2^][2]:

      Cette vidéo est une conférence sur les dangers de la pensée positive et la Loi de l'attraction, présentée par la créatrice du podcast Méta de Choc. Elle partage son expérience personnelle et explique comment ces croyances peuvent influencer notre perception de la responsabilité personnelle et de l'énergie universelle.

      Points forts: + [00:00:00][^3^][3] Introduction à la pensée critique * Importance de questionner les croyances + [00:02:25][^4^][4] Les dangers de la pensée positive * Risques de la Loi de l'attraction + [00:04:27][^5^][5] Définition de la pensée positive * Origines et implications dans la New Age + [00:07:03][^6^][6] Principes spirituels de la pensée positive * Impact des pensées sur la réalité + [00:10:32][^7^][7] Responsabilité personnelle * Conséquences de la projection des désirs + [00:13:46][^8^][8] Psychologie positive vs pensée positive * Distinction entre les deux concepts + [00:15:47][^9^][9] Application de la pensée positive * Techniques et affirmations + [00:18:08][^10^][10] Formulation des désirs * Importance de la clarté et de la méditation + [00:22:35][^11^][11] Demande et gratitude * Attitude et attentes dans la pratique + [00:25:00][^12^][12] Questions et réponses * Interaction avec le public sur le sujet Résumé de la vidéo [00:27:02][^1^][1] - [00:52:51][^2^][2]: La vidéo aborde les croyances du New Age, les entités spirituelles, et la pensée positive. Elle critique l'approche simpliste de la pensée positive et ses conséquences potentiellement néfastes, telles que le refus de la réalité et l'engrenage dans des croyances sans fondement scientifique.

      Points forts: + [00:27:02][^3^][3] Croyances New Age * Mantras de protection * Énergies et entités + [00:27:55][^4^][4] Entités variées * Anges et entités maléfiques * Influence des Reptiliens + [00:32:58][^5^][5] Émotions et énergies * Êtres se nourrissant d'émotions * Critique de la pensée positive + [00:38:59][^6^][6] Conséquences de la pensée positive * Vision simpliste et fausse * Risques de culpabilisation + [00:44:41][^7^][7] Impact de la pensée positive * Retards de connaissance * Refus du réel et relativisme + [00:50:01][^8^][8] Critiques internes du New Age * Remise en question de la Loi de l'attraction * Propositions de solutions spirituelles Résumé de la vidéo [00:52:56][^1^][1] - [01:18:19][^2^][2]:

      Cette partie de la vidéo aborde la pensée positive et ses effets, en soulignant les contradictions et les problèmes qu'elle peut engendrer, notamment lorsqu'elle est utilisée pour éviter de faire face à la réalité ou pour justifier des croyances sans fondement.

      Points forts: + [00:52:56][^3^][3] La pensée positive et l'Univers * Les affirmations et l'envoi de pensées positives + [00:53:18][^4^][4] Protection et rituels * Utilisation de mantras et évitement des vibrations basses + [00:53:45][^5^][5] Justification des croyances * Les détours pour maintenir une croyance + [00:54:03][^6^][6] Critiques internes * Remise en question après des années sans progrès + [00:54:35][^7^][7] Le juste milieu * Équilibrer pensée positive et confrontation aux problèmes + [00:55:25][^8^][8] Contradictions dans la pensée positive * Difficulté à définir un juste milieu entre positivité et négativité + [00:56:04][^9^][9] Les contradictions du New Age * Incohérences et pièges psychologiques dans le New Age + [00:57:05][^10^][10] Ignorer la souffrance * Risques de dépression en négligeant les problèmes réels + [00:58:35][^11^][11] Absence de solutions * Reconnaître quand il n'y a pas de solutions + [00:59:36][^12^][12] Étude sur la pensée positive * Effets négatifs des affirmations sur ceux qui en ont le plus besoin + [01:02:57][^13^][13] Obsession du positif * La quête constante du positif peut devenir problématique + [01:04:03][^14^][14] Réalisme vs pensée positive * Importance de la recherche d'erreurs et du réalisme + [01:05:07][^15^][15] Impact sur l'environnement et les enfants * Conséquences de la pensée magique sur l'entourage + [01:06:05][^16^][16] Pensée positive comme échappatoire temporaire * Comparaison avec un verre de whisky pour le réconfort + [01:08:40][^17^][17] Rapport victime-bourreau * Dangers de la pensée positive dans les relations abusives + [01:11:43][^18^][18] Optimisme et atteinte des objectifs * L'optimisme n'est pas toujours synonyme de succès + [01:14:58][^19^][19] Contraste mental et implémentation des intentions * Stratégies pour atteindre les objectifs en tenant compte des obstacles Résumé de la vidéo [01:20:06][^1^][1] - [01:44:51][^2^][2]:

      Cette partie de la vidéo discute des dangers de la pensée positive et de son lien avec le New Age, le néolibéralisme, et les croyances irrationnelles. L'orateur explore la complexité des croyances et la nécessité de rester ancré dans la réalité.

      Points forts: + [01:20:06][^3^][3] Critique de la pensée positive * Facile à prouver mais invalidée par ses effets négatifs + [01:21:31][^4^][4] Psychologie positive et néolibéralisme * Influence mutuelle et récupération de concepts + [01:24:45][^5^][5] Mythologie New Age * Entités reptiliennes et super-pouvoirs liés + [01:29:43][^6^][6] Sortie des croyances New Age * Réalisation personnelle de l'absence de fondements + [01:37:06][^7^][7] Auto-proclamation d'Enfant indigo * Pas de hiérarchie; croyances basées sur des critères vagues + [01:43:43][^8^][8] Vocabulaire New Age dans le langage courant * Termes comme "énergie" et "pensée positive" banalisés Résumé de la vidéo [01:44:56][^1^][1] - [01:48:19][^2^][2]:

      La partie 5 de la vidéo aborde le mysticisme quantique, l'optimisme et ses effets sur l'atteinte des objectifs, ainsi que les coûts personnels liés au changement de croyances.

      Points forts: + [01:45:00][^3^][3] Mysticisme quantique * Explique la corrélation avec la pensée New Age + [01:45:37][^4^][4] Optimisme * Les optimistes ont moins de chances d'atteindre leurs objectifs + [01:46:39][^5^][5] Changement de croyances * Perdre des amis est un coût du changement + [01:47:09][^6^][6] Soutien au podcast * Encourage à partager et soutenir le podcast + [01:47:55][^7^][7] Annonce * Révélations à venir dans une vidéo spéciale

  8. Feb 2024
    1. Résumé de la vidéo de [00:00:00][^1^][1] à [01:05:50][^2^][2] :

      Cette vidéo est un podcast à soi de Charlotte Bienaimé, qui traite du thème de l'autodéfense des enfants face aux violences et aux injustices. Elle raconte son expérience de mère qui veut protéger son fils, et comment elle a découvert les ateliers d'autodéfense pour les enfants de l'association Garance. Elle assiste à l'un de ces ateliers, où les enfants apprennent à faire valoir leurs droits, à dire non, à se défendre physiquement et verbalement, et à trouver des ressources personnelles et collectives. Elle interroge aussi les enfants sur leur vécu, leurs émotions, leurs difficultés et leurs envies. Elle conclut en affirmant que sortir du silence et apprendre à se défendre rend les enfants plus forts et plus heureux.

      Points forts : + [00:00:05][^3^][3] Introduction musicale * Présentation du titre et du sujet du podcast * Citation de Virginia Woolf sur les femmes anonymes de l'histoire + [00:01:35][^4^][4] Le témoignage de Charlotte * Son désir de protéger son fils de 7 ans * Sa prise de conscience de la nécessité de l'armer pour se défendre * Sa tristesse et sa démunition face aux violences du monde + [00:04:29][^5^][5] L'atelier d'autodéfense pour les enfants * La présentation de Laura et Manon, monitrices de Garance * Les trois droits fondamentaux des enfants : être en sécurité, fort et libre * Les situations d'agression et les stratégies de défense * Les réactions et les questions des enfants + [00:41:19][^6^][6] La violence sexuelle des adultes connus * La scène jouée par Laura et Manon sur l'inceste * Les signes d'alerte et les moyens de se protéger * Les personnes de confiance et les numéros d'écoute + [00:59:11][^7^][7] La conclusion de Charlotte * Son admiration pour les enfants et leur capacité de résilience * Son espoir pour un monde plus juste et plus respectueux * La présentation des intervenants et des sources du podcast

    1. Rediffusion de notre live sur Twitch du 12 janvier 2022.

      / scienceshumainesmag

      Depuis les années 2000, une nouvelle posture éducative se développe, au point de s’affirmer aujourd’hui comme un nouvel idéal : l'éducation positive. Mais attention à la culpabilisation des parents, à l'interprétation hasardeuse des données, et aux dérives sectaires...

    1. Résumé vidéo [00:00:00][^1^][1] - [00:25:55][^2^][2]:

      Cette vidéo est une interview d'Isabelle Filliozat, une psychothérapeute et auteure spécialisée dans l'éducation positive. Elle explique les principes et les bienfaits de cette approche, qui vise à respecter les besoins et les émotions des enfants, et à favoriser leur développement harmonieux. Elle dénonce aussi les effets néfastes de la violence éducative, qu'elle soit physique, psychologique ou relationnelle, et qui entraîne des traumatismes et des troubles chez l'enfant et l'adulte.

      Points forts: + [00:00:36][^3^][3] L'origine du terme d'éducation positive * Vient de la psychanalyse d'Alfred Adler * Adopté par la science et le Conseil de l'Europe * Traduit de l'anglais "positive parenting" + [00:07:01][^4^][4] L'impact du trauma dans l'enfance * Affecte le psychisme et le cerveau de l'enfant * Touche environ 67% des adultes * Augmente les risques de maladies et de problèmes sociaux + [00:13:00][^5^][5] La différence entre obéissance et responsabilité * L'obéissance est une réaction de stress et de soumission * La responsabilité est une capacité de choix et d'action * L'éducation positive vise à développer la responsabilité + [00:18:03][^6^][6] L'importance du regard sur l'enfant * Soit on le voit comme un être de droit et de besoin * Soit on le voit comme un être de pulsion et de manipulation * Le regard influence les interactions et les comportements

      Résumé vidéo [00:25:58][^1^][1] - [00:51:11][^2^][2]:

      La deuxième partie de la vidéo parle de l'éducation positive, qui est basée sur la science et qui vise à respecter les besoins et les émotions des enfants. Elle montre comment la violence éducative, souvent présentée comme nécessaire pour apprendre la frustration, est en fait contre-productive et nuisible au développement cérébral et affectif des enfants. Elle explique comment aider les enfants à réguler leurs émotions, à développer leur créativité et à s'intégrer dans le groupe social sans recourir à la peur, aux punitions ou aux récompenses. Elle propose des pistes pour réparer les erreurs commises par les parents et pour construire une relation de confiance et de coopération avec les enfants.

      Points forts: + [00:25:58][^3^][3] La différence entre la violence éducative et l'éducation positive * La violence éducative bloque le cerveau de l'enfant et le traumatise * L'éducation positive n'est pas du laxisme, mais une façon d'enseigner des compétences aux enfants * L'éducation positive respecte l'enfant et lui permet de grandir, d'explorer et de s'intégrer + [00:28:00][^4^][4] L'expérience du chamallow et l'apprentissage de la frustration * Une expérience qui montre que les enfants qui résistent à la tentation ont plus de succès dans la vie * Les facteurs qui influencent la capacité de résistance sont l'attachement sécure et la créativité * L'éducation consiste à fournir des ressources aux enfants pour faire face à la frustration + [00:34:02][^5^][5] L'importance de l'attachement sécure pour le développement de l'enfant * L'enfant a besoin de la proximité et de la réactivité d'une figure d'attachement pour se sentir en sécurité * La sécurité intérieure se construit dans les interactions chaleureuses avec la figure d'attachement * La présence de l'adulte aide l'enfant à réguler ses émotions et à développer son cerveau préfrontal + [00:40:00][^6^][6] Les conséquences de la violence éducative sur le cerveau et le comportement des enfants * La violence éducative altère différentes zones du cerveau, notamment celles liées à l'inhibition, au langage et à la mémoire * La violence éducative entraîne des troubles psychiques, des addictions, des difficultés relationnelles et des comportements agressifs * La violence éducative perpétue le cercle vicieux de la transmission intergénérationnelle + [00:45:00][^7^][7] Les pistes pour réparer les erreurs et pour adopter une parentalité positive * Reconnaître son impuissance, sa culpabilité et son anxiété face aux comportements des enfants * Réparer les blessures causées aux enfants en reconnaissant leurs émotions, en s'excusant et en leur demandant de quoi ils ont besoin * Développer ses propres compétences émotionnelles, se faire accompagner et se former à la parentalité positive

      Résumé vidéo [00:51:14][^1^][1] - [01:12:29][^2^][2]:

      La troisième partie de la vidéo parle de l'éducation des enfants et des influences de la psychanalyse, du trauma et du jeu sur leur développement. Isabelle Filliozat, psychothérapeute et auteure, dialogue avec Fabrice Midal, philosophe et fondateur de l'École occidentale de méditation.

      Points forts: + [00:51:14][^3^][3] Les croyances qui justifient les comportements violents envers les enfants * Les parents reproduisent souvent les blessures qu'ils ont subies dans leur enfance * La psychanalyse freudienne considère l'enfant comme un pervers qu'il faut limiter * L'enfant roi est un concept qui sert à dévaloriser l'enfant et à nier ses besoins + [00:59:15][^4^][4] L'erreur de Freud sur le complexe d'Oedipe et le trauma * Freud a d'abord reconnu que les névroses étaient causées par les abus sexuels subis par les enfants * Il a ensuite changé sa théorie pour dire que c'était des fantasmes et pour protéger l'image de son père * Il a renversé la véritable histoire d'Oedipe et a culpabilisé les enfants + [01:04:36][^5^][5] Le manque d'extérieur et de nature chez les enfants d'aujourd'hui * Les enfants ne jouent plus dehors et sont privés de stimuli sensoriels et moteurs * Les conséquences sont la myopie, la perte de capacités cardiaques, la difficulté à réguler les émotions * Le jeu est le moyen essentiel pour apprendre et se développer avant 6 ans + [01:09:25][^6^][6] L'impact du sucre sur les capacités attentionnelles et le comportement des enfants * Une étude a montré qu'en diminuant le sucre et en augmentant les vitamines et les oméga 3 à la cantine, les enfants étaient moins violents et plus performants à l'école * Le lobby du sucre empêche la science d'être entendue et l'industrie agroalimentaire fait un lobbying puissant * Le sucre n'est pas une gentillesse mais une drogue qui nuit au cerveau des enfants

    1. Résumé vidéo [00:00:00][^1^][1] - [00:21:12][^2^][2]:

      Cette vidéo est une émission de la revue Sciences Humaines sur le thème de l'éducation positive. Elle réunit deux invités, Bruno Humbeeck, psychopédagogue, et Béatrice Kammerer, journaliste spécialisée en éducation, qui ont contribué au numéro consacré à ce sujet. Ils discutent des origines, des principes, des pratiques et des limites de l'éducation positive, qui vise à favoriser l'épanouissement de l'enfant en respectant sa personnalité, ses émotions et ses choix, sans recourir à la violence, à la punition ou à la récompense. Ils confrontent leurs points de vue, leurs expériences et leurs références, en répondant aux questions du présentateur et des internautes.

      Points forts: + [00:00:00][^3^][3] La présentation de l'émission et des invités * Le sujet : l'éducation positive, un courant pédagogique en vogue * Les invités : Bruno Humbeeck, psychopédagogue, et Béatrice Kammerer, journaliste * Le format : une émission interactive, avec des questions du public + [00:03:08][^4^][4] La définition de l'éducation positive * L'origine : une recommandation du Conseil de l'Europe en 2006 * Le contenu : une parentalité qui vise le plein développement de l'enfant * Le problème : une notion vague et consensuelle, qui regroupe des courants divers + [00:09:00][^5^][5] L'évolution du regard sur l'enfant * La reconnaissance : l'enfant comme une personne à part entière, avec des droits et des besoins * La communication : l'enfant comme un interlocuteur, avec qui on négocie et on exprime ses émotions * L'épanouissement : l'enfant comme un individu, qui doit développer son potentiel et sa personnalité + [00:15:00][^6^][6] Les critiques de l'éducation positive * Le risque : l'enfant tyran, qui se centre sur lui-même et ne respecte pas les limites * Le paradoxe : l'enfant dépendant, qui attend l'approbation des adultes et ne développe pas son autonomie * Le défi : l'enfant citoyen, qui doit apprendre à vivre en collectivité et à participer à la démocratie

  9. Jan 2024
    1. We need to trigger exponential change across sectors and geographies by phasing out fossil fuels while taking advantage of positive social and economic tipping points.
      • for: quote - Johan Rockstrom, quote - positive tipping points, quote - social tipping points, social tipping points, stop, positive tipping points

      • quote: Johan Rockstrom

        • We need to trigger exponential change across sectors and geographies by phasing out fossil fuels while taking advantage of positive social and economic tipping points.
      • for: COP28 talk - later is too late, Global tipping points report, question - are there maps of feedbacks of positive tipping points?, My Climate Risk, ICICLE, positive tipping points, social tipping points

      • NOTE

        • This video is not yet available on YouTube so couldn't not be docdropped for annotation. So all annotations are done here referred to timestamp
      • SUMMARY

        • This video has not been uploaded on youtube yet so there is no transcription and I am manually annotating on this page.

        • Positive tipping points

          • not as well studied as negative tipping points
          • cost parity is the most obvious but there are other factors relating to
            • politics
            • psychology
          • We are in a path dependency so we need disruptive change
      • SPEAKER PANEL

        • Pierre Fredlingstein, Uni of Exeter - Global carbon budget report
        • Rosalyn Conforth, Uni of Reading - Adaptation Gap report
        • Tim Lenton, Uni of Exeter - Global Tipping Report
      • Global Carbon Budget report summary

      • 0:19:47: Graph of largest emitters

        • graph
        • comment
          • wow! We are all essentially dependent on China! How do citizens around the world influence China? I suppose if ANY of these major emitters don't radically reduce, we won't stay under 1.5 Deg C, but China is the biggest one.
      • 00:20:51: Land Use Emissions

      • three countries represent 55% of all land use emissions - Brazil - DRC - Indonesia

      • 00:21:55: CDR

        • forests: 1.9 Gt / 5% of annual Fossil Fuel CO2 emissions
        • technological CDR: 0.000025% of annual Fossil Fuel CO2 emissions
      • 00:23:00: Remaining Carbon Budget

        • 1.5 Deg C: 275 Gt CO2
        • 1.7 Deg C. 625 Gt CO2
        • 2.0 Deg C. 1150 Gt CO2
      • Advancing an Inclusive Process for Adaptation Planning and Action

      • adaptation is underfinanced. The gap is:

        • 194 billion / year
        • 366 billion / year by 2030
      • climate change increases transboundary issues
        • need transboundary agreements but these are absent
        • conflicts and migration are a result of such transboundary climate impacts
        • people are increasing climate impacts to try to survive due to existing climate impacts

      -00:29:46: My Climate Risk Regional Hubs - Looking at climate risks from a local perspective. - @Nate, @SoNeC - 00:30:33 ""ICICLE** storyllines - need bottom-up approach (ICICLE - Integrated Climate Livelihood and and Environment storylines)

      • 00:32:58: Global Tipping Points

      • 00:33:46: Five of planetary systems can tip at the current 1.2 Deg C

        • Greenland Ice Sheet
        • West Antarctic
        • Permafrost
        • Coral Reefs - 500 million people
        • Subpolar Gyre of North Atlantic - ice age in Europe
          • goes in a decade - like British Columbia climate
      • 00:35:39

        • risks go up disproportionately with every 0.1 deg C of warming. There is no longer a business-as-usual option now. We CANNOT ACT INCREMENTALLY NOW.
      • 00:36:00

        • we calculate a need of a speed up of a factor of 7 to shut down greenhouse gas emissions and that is done through positive tipping points.

      -00:37:00 - We have accelerating positive feedbacks and if we coordinate policy changes with consumer behavior change and business behavior change to reinforce these positive feedbacks, we can help accelerate change in the other sectors of the global economy responsible for all the other emissions

      • 00:37:30

        • in the report we walk you through the other sectors, where their tipping points are and how we have to act to trigger them. This is the only viable path out of our situation.
      • 00:38:10

        • Positive tipping points can also reinforce each other
        • Question: Are there maps of the feedbacks of positive tipping points?
        • Tim only discusses economic and technological positive tipping points and does not talk about social or societal
  10. Dec 2023
    1. This 1% of humanity uses its awesome power to manipulate societal aspirations and the narratives around climate change. These extend from well-funded advertising to pseudo-technical solutions, from the financialisation of carbon emissions (and increasingly, nature) to labelling extreme any meaningful narrative that questions inequality and power.
      • for: quote - Kevin Anderson, quote - elite positive feedback carbon inequality loop, climate crisis - societal aspirations, elites - societal aspirations, societal aspirations, key insight - societal aspirations

      • quote

        • This 1% of humanity uses its awesome power to manipulate
          • societal aspirations and
          • the narratives around climate change.
        • These extend from
          • well-funded advertising to
          • pseudo-technical solutions,
          • and financialisation of carbon emissions (and increasingly, nature) to
          • labelling extreme any meaningful narrative that questions inequality and power.
      • comment

      • key insight - societal aspirations
        • it is the societal aspiration of the logic of capitalism and the free market that continues to create the next generation of the 1%
        • How can the luxury industry NOT BE high carbon intensity? It's an oxymoron. High carbon is baked into the definition of luxury, and it is luxury goods and services which accelerate climate breakdown.
        • The elites have a strong feeling of entitlement. They feel they DESERVE to reward themselves with a luxury lifestyle. That aspiration and reward structure multiplied by 80 million (1% of 8 billion) is a major variable driving the climate crisis
    1. i commissioned some original polling for my book from abacus research and i found some very hopeful stuff and you know the public gets the emergency and incidentally i've tried to recast 00:12:46 some of the the extreme weather events we've experienced as attacks on our soil let's think about them that way yeah um and they're ready for bold action actually the public is ahead of our politics in terms of that i was surprised to see 00:12:58 that you even mentioned in alberta the numbers are much higher than you so you mentioned quebec before so the the opinion polling nationally ranges from a high in quebec in terms of their readiness fraction right to a low in alberta but even in alberta 00:13:12 the level of support is remarkably high
      • for: climate crisis - Canada - surprising positive public opinion shift
    1. I tell my researchers look for the 00:57:41 positive feedbacks these are not good feedbacks these are self-reinforcing feedbacks where you get a cycle of of causation that causes it to reinforce itself those 00:57:52 positive feedbacks which may cross several systems like climate economic pandemic Health Systems those positive feedbacks are where you're getting the synchronization if you can find those 00:58:04 then you're making real Headway on the synchronization effect
      • for: adjacency - synchronization - clues - positive feedbacks, key insight - synchronisation - positive feedbacks

      • adjacency between

        • positive feedback
        • synchronization
      • adjacency statement
      • key insight
        • look for where the positive feedbacks are occurring within the system
        • that will tell you where the synchronization is occurring within the system
  11. Oct 2023
    1. Mehlhorn is determinedly of the view that people can only be motivated by fear: “You cannot get people to vote by getting them to believe that voting and participating will materially improve their lives,” he told Ryan Grim of The Intercept. “What you can get people to get really excited about is: ‘If you participate in politics, you might be able to prevent something really bad from happening to you.’ ”
  12. Sep 2023
  13. Aug 2023
    1. Hypothesis makes it easy to annotate anything you find online.

      I agree.

  14. Jul 2023
  15. Mar 2023
    1. It requiresa deep and profound orientation toward the good life. It requires usto ponder what the good life is, what conditions must be fulflled forindividuals to live it, and what it takes to create these conditions.

      // - Orienting towards the good life is needed to mobilize action. - Why? - Because shifting from a negative vision to a positive one is necessary to mobilize action (at scale) - It is the difference between: - being coerced vs being self-motivated - being reactive vs being proactive - being depressed and lethargic vs being joyful and energetic - hence, in this transition journey, we must accompany the limits with the positive transformation that allows us to achieve wellbeing within them.

  16. Jan 2023
    1. Therefore, we propose that flow and hyperfocus are the same phenomenon. Although we are mindful that just because two phenomena are descriptively similar, they are not necessarily mechanistically identical, there is no evidence to suggest that either flow or hyperfocus are distinct.

      Ashinoff and Abu-Akel propose an equivalence between "flow" and "hyperfocus". They mention later in this paper that "flow" is more often used in positive psychology literature whereas "hyperfocus" is more often used in psychiatric literature. Even so, they also qualify that they may just appear to be the same (ie, descriptively similar) while having a different cause (ie, mechanism of action).

    1. Expansion is led by focus. By taking time to edit, carve up, and refactor our notes, we put focus on ideas. This starts the Great Wheel of Positive Feedback. All hail to the Great Wheel of Positive Feedback.

      How can we better thing of card indexes as positive feedback mechanisms? Will describes it as the "Great Wheel of Positive Feedback" which reminds me a bit of flywheels for storing energy for later use.

  17. Nov 2022
    1. მიდგომის უნიკალური მახასიათებელია ის, რომ ყველა საზოგადოებაში არსებობენ გარკვეული ინდივიდები, ჯგუფები ან ორგანიზაციები, რომლებიც არიან ნორმიდან დადებით გადახრილი ადამინები. მათ აქვთ უნიკალური ქცევები ან სტრატეგიები, რომლებიც მათ საშუალებას აძლევს გავრცელებული პრობლემები უფრო მარტივად გადაწყვიტონ, ვიდრე მათი მეზობლები, იმის ფონზე, რომ იგივე, ან ნაკლებ რესურსებზე აქვთ წვდომა.

      1. Active constructive conversation (responding). ჯგუფის წევრების დახმარება დაინახონ ერთმანეთის პერსპექტივიდან(?) სანახავი https://www.ggs.vic.edu.au/2021/10/the-benefits-of-active-constructive-responding/

      2. Future cast in a positive way. ჯგუფის წევრების დარწმუნება, შეძლონ დაინახონ მომავალი დადებით ჭრილში. ირწმუნონ რომ შეუძლიათ ცვლილების მოხდენა.

      3. Strenge spotting skill. უნარი შეამჩნიო და წინ წაწიო ნდგ.

  18. Oct 2022
  19. Sep 2022
  20. Aug 2022
  21. Jul 2022
  22. Jun 2022
    1. What's wrong with a simple, feel good movie?
    2. As has been mentioned this is a take on the Prince and the Pauper story that may not appeal to those who are into art films and like to sit around discussing and dissecting a film's philosophical nuances. If, on the other hand, you simply like a fun story, gorgeous sets, and yes, the occasional over-the-top scene, this can be a thoroughly enjoyable tale of a man who is willing to put the woman he loves ahead of himself.
  23. May 2022
    1. Human security is degrading and involves a wide range of problems,

      In addition, each variable introduces system feedbacks, much like planetary tipping points, and generally ecological variables do.

  24. Apr 2022
    1. CSCL activities should be designed with the aim of guaranteeing a certain level of positive interdependence (Johnson & Johnson, 1998) and individual accountability (Slavin, 1989) to the students.

    1. Fionna O’Leary, 🕯🇪🇺 [@fascinatorfun]. (2021, October 29). 🚨😡 9.1% of secondary school aged children positive in week ending 22nd October. That is bloody awful. 1 in 11 ‼️ So is 4.1% in Age 2 and primary age. About 1 in 24. That’s doubled in a couple of weeks. And parents age group ⬆️ Least affected are the recent vaxxed ages [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/fascinatorfun/status/1454053497226268673

    1. Dr Duncan Robertson [@Dr_D_Robertson]. (2021, October 29). ONS Covid survey. 2% of the population +ve. “The percentage of people testing positive for COVID-19 increased for all age groups, except for those in school Year 12 to those aged 34 years, where the trend was uncertain in the week ending 22 October 2021” https://ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/bulletins/coronaviruscovid19infectionsurveypilot/29october2021 https://t.co/1n9KVq6wDT [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/Dr_D_Robertson/status/1454050450106376192

  25. Mar 2022
  26. Feb 2022
    1. Dweck shows convincingly thatthe most reliable predictor for long-term success is having a “growthmindset.” To actively seek and welcome feedback, be it positive ornegative, is one of the most important factors for success (andhappiness) in the long run. Conversely, nothing is a bigger hindranceto personal growth than having a “fixed mindset.” Those who fearand avoid feedback because it might damage their cherishedpositive self-image might feel better in the short term, but will quicklyfall behind in actual performance (Dweck 2006; 2013).

      Carol Dweck shows that the most reliable predictor for long-term success is what she calls having a "growth mindset" or the ability to take feedback and change.


      This seems related to the idea of endergonic reactions and the growth of complexity as well as the idea of the meaning of life.

      What do these systems all have in common? What are their differences? What abstractions can we make from them?

      Relate this to https://hypothes.is/a/pdWppIX5EeyhR0NR19OjCQ

  27. Jan 2022
    1. In my very next letter, Letter XVI, I reported that Conor had perhaps heard our concerns about the cult connotations, and also decided to move away from the use of it too.

      I always thought of the #RoamCult hashtag as a bit tongue-in-cheek, but certainly something with a more positive framing could be chosen.

      It's interesting to hear that the project seems to have gone quiet and that the perception is that people are leaving for other projects (many of them open source, which is one of the spaces many of the early adopters were already working in).

      There's definitely a drive in a lot of this space for people to own their own data given it's direct value to them over other (more social facing) tools.

    1. The scientific consensus has shifted so much that Richard Dawkins, in the 30th-anniversary edition of “The Selfish Gene,” wrote that he could just as accurately have called his book “The Cooperative Gene.” Perhaps decades of our economic and political lives would have been much less harmful if he had.

      I do like the more positive framing of "The Cooperative Gene."

  28. Dec 2021
  29. Nov 2021
    1. Ultimately, high-carbon lifestyles arise from both individual actions and systemic conditions of everyday life.

      Individual behavior and systemic conditions are entangled. We cannot say one is not important but the other is. System transformation is required on both sides simultaneously. Positive changes in one will create pressure in the other to change. We can leverage these positive feedback effects for system transformation.

  30. Oct 2021
    1. DAOstack imagines thousands of organizations and applications utilizing the stack in the near future. And the intention is not just to serve each use case individually. It’s easy to imagine how, with a scalable solution for decentralized governance in place, decision-making can become more frictionless not only within collectives but also between collectives.Indeed, this is the broader vision of DAOstack. The platform is designed to underpin an entire ecosystem of decentralized organizations — a community of interoperable DAOs, able to share talent, ideas, and learnings with one another. DAOs will even be able to act as members of other DAOs, creating a fluid “DAO mesh” or “internet of work” in which collectives of collectives are commonplace, and in which any given individual might participate in dozens of different DAOs.

      This is an idealof stigmergic collaboration, to move away from azero sum game and towards a positive sum game.

    1. But first, a word of caution. Writing affirmations is a good way to manage stressful situations and mitigate negative thoughts for many people. However, for people with low self-esteem or depression, studies suggest that self-affirmation can be harmful. Repeating a statement that you do not believe to be true can make you feel worse. In circumstances where self-affirmations could do harm, it is more appropriate to invest in support from a therapist or counsellor.

      Our emotional state is a magnet for what we accent or believe, if we're positive we believe the positive and if we're negative we look for confirmation for that state. Maybe our emotious is our boss?

  31. Sep 2021
  32. Aug 2021
  33. Jul 2021
    1. I’m quite interested in concepts of the “Small Web” and adjacent topics, but it is definitely true that “small web” itself is a vague term that different people use to talk about different kinds of projects. What unites all these different concepts is the kind of web they define themselves against; that kind of bloated, corporate, algorithm-ruled and ad-ridden mess that constitutes the majority of highly-trafficked websites these days.

      It would definitely be better if there were also a proactive, positive definition of what the small web were for rather than against.

      It's better to have definitions in both directions to better delineate what's included and what's excluded.

  34. Jun 2021
    1. "Many North American music education programs exclude in vast numbers students who do not embody Euroamerican ideals. One way to begin making music education programs more socially just is to make them more inclusive. For that to happen, we need to develop programs that actively take the standpoint of the least advantaged, and work toward a common good that seeks to undermine hierarchies of advantage and disadvantage. And that, inturn, requires the ability to discuss race directly and meaningfully. Such discussions afford valuable opportunities to confront and evaluate the practical consequences of our actions as music educators. It is only through such conversations, Connell argues, that we come to understand “the real relationships and processes that generate advantage and disadvantage”(p. 125). Unfortunately, these are also conversations many white educators find uncomfortable and prefer to avoid."

  35. May 2021
    1. (((Howard Forman))). (2020, November 24). Truly good news out of #Italy. And we can all use it. Cases (23K), positive rate (12.3%), and hospitalizations all DOWN. ICU occupancy with smallest increase in months. Deaths (not surprisingly) the one exception with 3rd highest total. Https://t.co/YFh5nd2AXX [Tweet]. @thehowie. https://twitter.com/thehowie/status/1331311384626388994

    1. While support certainly isn’t universal, many of the leading email clients support HTML5 and CSS3. In fact, about 50% of the total market and 3 out of the top 5 email clients support them. Support may be even bigger for your particular audience.
  36. Apr 2021
  37. Mar 2021
  38. Feb 2021
    1. Digitally maturing companies are in a position to recognize the benefits from collaboration. More than 80% of respondents from maturing organizations agree or strongly agree their workplace environments are collaborative compared to competitors. Only 34% of respondents from early­stage companies feel the same way. Digitally maturing organizations are also much more likely to use cross­functional teams to im­plement digital initiatives — 44% of respondents from maturing organizations versus a scant 16% from early­stage companies.

      Collaboration (positive)

  39. Nov 2020
    1. In July 2010, Microsoft let go Jimmy Schementi, one of two remaining members of the IronRuby core team, and stopped funding the project.[19][20] In October 2010 Microsoft announced the Iron projects (IronRuby and IronPython) were being changed to "external" projects and enabling "community members to make contributions without Microsoft's involvement or sponsorship by a Microsoft employee".
    1. Frontend frameworks are a positive sum game! Svelte has no monopoly on the compiler paradigm either. Just like I think React is worth learning for the mental model it imparts, where UI is a (pure) function of state, I think the frontend framework-as-compiler paradigm is worth understanding. We're going to see a lot more of it because the tradeoffs are fantastic, to where it'll be a boring talking point before we know it.
  40. Oct 2020
    1. balloons

      I remember the false positive Leo Laporte reported in his home security system when it thought a balloon floating by was an intruder in his home.

    1. Weber notes that according to any economic theory that posited man as a rational profit-maximizer, raising the piece-work rate should increase labor productivity. But in fact, in many traditional peasant communities, raising the piece-work rate actually had the opposite effect of lowering labor productivity: at the higher rate, a peasant accustomed to earning two and one-half marks per day found he could earn the same amount by working less, and did so because he valued leisure more than income. The choices of leisure over income, or of the militaristic life of the Spartan hoplite over the wealth of the Athenian trader, or even the ascetic life of the early capitalist entrepreneur over that of a traditional leisured aristocrat, cannot possibly be explained by the impersonal working of material forces,

      Science could learn something from this. Science is too far focused on the idealized positive outcomes that it isn't paying attention to the negative outcomes and using that to better define its outline or overall shape. We need to define a scientific opportunity cost and apply it to the negative side of research to better understand and define what we're searching for.

      Of course, how can we define a new scientific method (or amend/extend it) to better take into account negative results--particularly in an age when so many results aren't even reproducible?

  41. Sep 2020
    1. Ip, A., Ahn, J., Zhou, Y., Goy, A. H., Hansen, E., Pecora, A. L., Sinclaire, B. A., Bednarz, U., Marafelias, M., Mathura, S., Sawczuk, I. S., Underwood, J. P., Walker, D. M., Prasad, R., Sweeney, R. L., Ponce, M. G., LaCapra, S., Cunningham, F. J., Calise, A. G., … Goldberg, S. L. (2020). Hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of outpatients with mildly symptomatic COVID-19: A multi-center observational study. MedRxiv, 2020.08.20.20178772. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.20.20178772

  42. Aug 2020
  43. Jul 2020
  44. Jun 2020
  45. May 2020
  46. Apr 2020
  47. Mar 2020
    1. the deceptive practices it has been used to shield and enable are on borrowed time. The direction of travel — and the direction of innovation — is pro-privacy, pro-user control and therefore anti-deceptive-design.
    1. Much like the cookies you eat are an asset to humankind, HTTP cookies are an asset to the internet. They help personalize the web experience and make things like online shopping and logging into accounts so much easier and more efficient.
  48. Feb 2020
  49. Jan 2020
    1. But as I sat there I saw something missing: the larger goal and soul of the effort and thus of the company and the communities it wants to foster. They have structured this effort around a belief, which I share, in the value of freedom of expression, and the need — recognized too late — to find ways to monitor and constrain that freedom when it is abused and used to abuse. But that is largely a negative: how and why speech (or as Facebook, media, and regulators all unfortunately refer to it: content) will be limited.Facebook’s Community Standards — in essence, the statutes the Oversight Board will interpret and enforce and suggest to revise — are similarly expressed in the negative: what speech is not allowed and how the platform can maintain safety and promote voice and equality among its users by dealing with violations.

      Jarvis raises the issue of a lack of positive vision for online space / communication

  50. Oct 2019
  51. Sep 2019
  52. Apr 2019
    1. The music we listen to highly impacts our decision making, especially as adolescents. Adolescents are extremely impressionable, and the music they listen to has a great impact on how they decide to live their day to day lives. Popular musicians are seen as role models by the people who idolize them, and adolescents may try to represents the songs in which they favor through their actions every day.

      Recent studies have found that adolescents who listen to music that supports substance abuse and violence have a greater chance to act upon what they listen to. What young adults and teenagers listen to through music and popular media will affect their decision making process. Specifically with substance abuse, and there is a direct uptake in use of illegal substances by adolescents who listen to music that promotes such activities. This can cause a whole societal problem considering most of todays popular music among adolescents touches upon substance abuse and violence. Adolescents are extremely impressionable and the music they listen can shape how a person tries to act, or represent themselves.

    1. The continuing shift from an offline to online world has contributed to the growth of our business since inception, contributing to revenue growth, and we expect that this online shift will continue to benefit our business.
    2. In addition, the European Commission in July 2016 and the Swiss Government in January 2017 approved the EU-U.S. and the Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield frameworks, respectively, which are designed to allow U.S. companies that self-certify to the U.S. Department of Commerce and publicly commit to comply with the Privacy Shield requirements to freely import personal data from the EU and Switzerland.
    3. We take great pride in our culture. We embrace collaboration and creativity, and encourage the iteration of ideas to address complex technical challenges. Transparency and open dialogue are central to how we work, and we aim to ensure that company news reaches our employees first through internal channels.
    4. Throughout Alphabet, we are also using technology to try and solve big problems across many industries. Alphabet’s Other Bets are emerging businesses at various stages of development, ranging from those in the research and development phase to those that are in the beginning stages of commercialization, and our goal is for them to become thriving, successful businesses in the medium to long term. To do this, we make sure we have a strong CEO to run each company while also rigorously handling capital allocation and working to make sure each business is executing well
    5. Beyond our advertising business, we also generate revenues in other areas. For instance, we generate revenue when users purchase digital content like apps, movies and music through Google Play or when they purchase our Made by Google hardware devices
    6. We have built a world-class ad technology platform for brand advertisers, agencies, and publishers to power their digital marketing businesses. We aim to ensure great user experiences by serving the right ads at the right time and by building deep partnerships with brands and agencies. We also seek to improve the measurability of brand advertising so advertisers know when their campaigns are effective.
    7. The goal of our advertising business is to deliver relevant ads at just the right time and to give people useful commercial information, regardless of the device they’re using. We also provide advertisers with tools that help them better attribute and measure their advertising campaigns across screens. Our advertising solutions help millions of companies grow their businesses, and we offer a wide range of products across screens and formats.