IMMIGRATION
Treaty Regulating Immigration from China 1880 (also at Wikisource; at Wikipedia), known commonly as the "Angell Treaty" after its primary US negotiator James B. Angell, which amended the 1868 Burlingame-Seward Treaty (in this same document at US Library of Congress; at Wikisource; at Wikipedia).
PEACE, AMITY, AND COMMERCE
1868 Burlingame-Seward Treaty (at Wikisource; at Wikipedia).
Title : Artificial Intelligence and Democratic Values: Next Steps for the United States Content : In Dartmouth University , appears AI as sciences however USA motionless a national AI policy comparing to Europe where The Council of Europe is developing the first international AI convention and earlier UE launched the European data privacy law, the General Data Privacy Regulation.
In addition, China's efforts to become “world leader in AI by 2030, as long as China is developing a digital structures matched with The one belt one road project . USA , did not contribute to UNESCO AI Recommendations however USA It works to promote democratic values and human rights and integrate them with the governance of artificial intelligence .
USA and UE are facing challenges with transatlantic data flows , with Ukrainian crises The situation became more difficult. In order to reinstate leadership in AI policy, the United States should advance the policy initiative launched last year by the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and Strengthening efforts to support AI Bill of rights .
EXCERPT: USA believe that foster public trust and confidence in AI technologies and protect civil liberties, privacy, and American values in their application can establish responsible AI in USA. Link: https://www.cfr.org/blog/artificial-intelligence-and-democratic-values-next-steps-united-states Topic : AI and Democratic values Country : United States of America
The U.S. Government (starting on 25 July 1945) continued on from where Germany’s Nazi Government left off — and has been far more successful at it than Hitler’s Government was.
The Hitler is us
Mr. Sunak said in a series of tweets that Britain’s 30 Confucius Institutes, most of which are Chinese government-run facilities located on British university campuses, will be shuttered under his government’s new China policies. cnxps.cmd.push(function () { cnxps({ playerId: '2dd9afad-0104-402b-b341-830f7d9e8ccc' }).render('52b1f7f094294ef9a64f6c534558cada'); }); “Almost all UK government spending on Mandarin language teaching at school is channeled through university-based Confucius Institutes, thereby promoting Chinese soft power,” Mr. Sunak said. Mr. Sunak also said he will seek a new alliance of free nations to counter Chinese cyber threats and to improve the security of technology, a major target of Chinese covert and overt acquisition.
It is good to see a significant Western leader cracking down on the so-called Confucius Institutes and explaining why they are threats. I hope that his CCP policies match his series of tweets.
A third five-year term as party leader would break an unofficial two-term limit that was instituted to try to prevent the excesses of Mao’s one-person rule, notably the tumultuous 1966-76 Cultural Revolution, under which Xi suffered as a youth.
It seems to me that the CCP did not fully grasp that someone with Xi Jingping's background (the ambiguous "suffered as a youth" framing here) would have views of power which do not align with the "party above all else" ethos.
“The congress calls on all party members to acquire a deep understanding of the decisive significance of establishing comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the party Central Committee and in the party as a whole and establishing the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought,” said a resolution on the constitution approved at Saturday’s closing session.
As subtle as one would expect.
Chinese Dragon was originally founded by descendants of Japanese nationals left in China after the end of World War II who eventually came to Japan. Originally forming in the late 1980s, the gang has managed to avoid being caught in many of the anti-organized crime ordinances that have reduced the size and influence of Japan’s yakuza syndicates since Chinese Dragon has not been officially classified as a boryokudan, or organized crime group, because of its looser hierarchal structure.
Very interesting origin story for the Chinese Dragon gang. Would be curious to learn more about the Japanese soldiers and other nationals who were left behind in China after World War II.
Take China as an example: the defeat of China during the two Opium Wars led to a rampant modernization in which such a technical membrane became virtually unsustainable due to fundamental differences in technological thought and development (the most significant existing membrane is probably the Great Firewall of China, but its construction is only possible thanks to Silicon Valley).
Both the concept of "technological membrane" (André Leroi-Gourhan, and how Hui applies it is fabulous.
Open letter to the UK Government regarding COVID-19. (n.d.). Retrieved March 15, 2021, from https://sites.google.com/view/covidopenletter/home
Cohen, J. (2021, August 27). COVID-19’s origins still uncertain, U.S. intelligence agencies conclude. Science. https://www.science.org/content/article/covid-19-s-origins-still-uncertain-us-intelligence-agencies-conclude
Šrol, J., Cavojova, V., & Mikušková, E. B. (2021). Social consequences of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs: Evidence from two studies in Slovakia. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/y4svc
For nothing matters more in the Chinese scheme of things than cultural order and natural harmony, perhaps not even truth.
The world's demand for noble gases will likely concentrate on China, Sundqvist added, and the county will "get a good price for [its] product."
...and if the West sides with Taiwan if China decides to invade it, we will see a repeat of Putin's strategy of limiting export of vital noble gases. Team human doesn't work well when we cannot collaborate
the institu-tions in force in China in the eighteenth century were much more inaccord with Smith’s ideas than those applied in the United Kingdom.
Piketty suggests that eighteenth century China was a better example of economic liberalism in the vein of Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations (1776) than the United Kingdom was during the same period. He particularly points out lower taxes and balanced budgets in China, respect for property rights, better markets for labor and goods, competition, social mobility and freedom.
Concerning deforestation, Pomeranz stresses the fact that by theend of the eighteenth century, Europe had spent nearly all its avail-able resources. In the United Kingdom as in France, in Denmark asin Prussia, in Italy as in Spain, forests had disappeared at a rapid ratein the course of the preceding centuries, decreasing from around 30to 40 percent of the surface area around the year 1500 to scarcely morethan 10 percent in 1800 (16 percent in France, 4 percent in Denmark).Initially, trading in wood with regions of eastern and northern Eu-rope that were still forested made it possible to compensate in partfor these losses, but very soon that was no longer sufficient. We alsosee a gradual deforestation in China between 1500 and 1800, but it isless marked, in part because of a greater political and commercial in-tegration between the most advanced regions and the wooded re-gions of the interior.
Kenneth Pomeranz indicates that there was massive deforestation of most of Europe 1500 (30-40 percent coverage) to 1800 (scarcely over 10 percent coverage) during the early industrial age. Similarly there was a corresponding deforestation in China, but it was less marked because of the their size and distribution of technology.
The Tank Man
Tiananmen Event
hina’s most famous painting is “Along the River during the Qingming Festival.” Often referred to as “China’s Mona Lisa” (more for its fame and mysterious history than for any likeness to da Vinci’s portrait), the painting dates from the early 1100s and stretches over 17 feet.
the rise of China
Eric Feigl-Ding. (2021, February 7). Almost 1 year ago, Feb 26, 2020, authors wrote in a top journal that the coronavirus posed “limited threat outside of China” & “wearing mask in public does not prevent people from getting” #COVID19 ➡️We should have listened to the actual aerosol scientists instead on masks! 🤦🏻♂️ https://t.co/CZ93ZYoPdg [Tweet]. @DrEricDing. https://twitter.com/DrEricDing/status/1358289202249691138
Anthony Costello. (2021, February 7). There is a lot of nonsense about Zero Covid being an extreme position, only possible in repressive states (er..S Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Norway, Finland, NZ??) and our UK strategy reflects a more sensible centrist view. So compare the UK with successful countries...(1) [Tweet]. @globalhlthtwit. https://twitter.com/globalhlthtwit/status/1358382786114183171
ReconfigBehSci. (2021, February 17). The Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated the erosion of trust around the world: Significant drop in trust in the two largest economies: The U.S. (40%) and Chinese (30%) governments are deeply distrusted by respondents from the 26 other markets surveyed. 1/2 https://t.co/C86chd3bb4 [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1362021569476894726
NetScience on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 15 February 2021, from https://twitter.com/net_science/status/1360990028168503297
Body bags, overflowing morgues and chaotic hospitals: Hong Kong’s pandemic goes critical. (2022, March 9). Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/09/hong-kong-covid-hospitals-morgues/
chinese debt trap diplomacy because when china decided to invest in sri lanka's seaport they very well knew that sri 00:14:37 lanka will not be able to repay the loan on time this is what is called detroit diplomacy
France-Presse, A. (2022, March 13). China battles worst Covid outbreak for two years as cases double in 24 hours. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/13/china-battles-worst-covid-outbreak-for-two-years-as-cases-double-in-24-hours
Barnes, J. E. (2021, August 5). Russian Disinformation Targets Vaccines and the Biden Administration. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/05/us/politics/covid-vaccines-russian-disinformation.html
John Mearsheimer on Realism and the Rise of China
Adam Kucharski. (2022, January 18). Below analysis was two years ago (https://bbc.co.uk/news/health-51148303). As well as providing an early warning about the COVID threat, it’s a good illustration of what is often an under-appreciated point: If we want to make sense of epidemic data and dynamics in real-time, we need models… 1/ https://t.co/ZdpzOq3Bzp [Tweet]. @AdamJKucharski. https://twitter.com/AdamJKucharski/status/1483368504392880128
Hyde, Z., Berger, D., & Miller, A. (2021). Australia must act to prevent airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Medical Journal of Australia, 215(1), 7-9.e1. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51131
Democracy in the age of social media. (n.d.). EXPeditions - Meet the World’s Best Minds. Retrieved February 5, 2022, from https://www.joinexpeditions.com/exps/43
Taylor, L. (2022). Covid-19: CoronaVac immunity is strongest after boosting with a different vaccine. BMJ, 376, o210. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o210
Growth in India’s exports worldwide has also pushed up the need for many crucial intermediate inputs
The new lunar simulator, which is a small 2ft room
Kinda small, don't you think?
Are we really to insist that the advocacy of Chinese models ofstatecraft by Leibniz, his allies and followers really had nothing to dowith the fact that Europeans did, in fact, adopt something that looksvery much like Chinese models of statecraft?
At the suggestion of Leibniz, parts of Europe began adopting Chinese models of statecraft which had not previously been known or used in Europe.
Tang, J.-L., & Abbasi, K. (2021). What can the world learn from China’s response to covid-19? BMJ, 375, n2806. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2806
China’s ‘zero Covid’ vs Singapore’s ‘living with it’: Rapid low-cost testing could mean we don’t need to choose | South China Morning Post. (n.d.). Retrieved October 15, 2021, from https://www.scmp.com/comment/opinion/article/3152167/chinas-zero-covid-vs-singapores-living-it-rapid-low-cost-testing
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CNN, A. by J. G. (n.d.). Analysis: Xi Jinping touts coronavirus cooperation as China persists with vaccine disinformation push. CNN. Retrieved March 1, 2021, from https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/26/asia/xi-jinping-china-vaccine-intl-hnk/index.html
abroad
what about the coal-fired power plants in China itself, the ones used to mine BTC in the seasons when hydroelectric power is not available?
Adam Kucharski on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 29 July 2021, from https://twitter.com/AdamJKucharski/status/1397118932356669442
Beijing, P. B. L. K. in, Paris, K. W. in, & Rome, A. G. in. (2020, March 1). New coronavirus cases jump sharply in Europe, with Italy worst hit. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/01/coronavirus-deaths-iran-rise-global-outbreak-worsens
Reardon, S. (2021). How the Delta variant achieves its ultrafast spread. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-01986-w
Yap, Suhui, Albert Lee, Li-Jun Ji, Ye Li, and Ying Dong. “Cultural Differences in People’s Psychological Response to COVID-19.” Frontiers in Psychology 0 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.636062.
David Fisman. (2021, July 8). Fascinating new preprint on delta vs older variants in well-investigated outbreaks in China. Viral load for delta is 3 log higher, and latent period is shorter too (estimate is 4 days vs 6 days). This may explain much higher R estimates which may be due to elevated viral load [Tweet]. @DFisman. https://twitter.com/DFisman/status/1413126886570536963
Griffin, S. (2021). Covid-19: China’s CoronaVac vaccine offers 83.5% protection against symptomatic infection, interim analysis finds. BMJ, 374, n1755. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1755
Sallam, M. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Worldwide: A Concise Systematic Review of Vaccine Acceptance Rates. Vaccines, 9(2), 160. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9020160
China to only allow foreign visitors who have had Chinese-made vaccine. (2021, March 17). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/mar/17/china-to-allow-foreign-visitors-who-have-had-chinese-made-vaccine
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McKay, Jeremy Page, Drew Hinshaw and Betsy. ‘Over 47,000 Wild Animals Sold in Wuhan Markets Before Covid Outbreak, Study Shows’. Wall Street Journal, 9 June 2021, sec. World. https://www.wsj.com/articles/live-wildlife-sold-in-wuhan-markets-before-covid-19-outbreak-study-shows-11623175415.
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Feng, L., Zhang, T., Wang, Q., Xie, Y., Peng, Z., Zheng, J., Qin, Y., Zhang, M., Lai, S., Wang, D., Feng, Z., Li, Z., & Gao, G. F. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 outbreaks and interventions on influenza in China and the United States. Nature Communications, 12(1), 3249. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23440-1
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Maxmen, A. (2021). Divisive COVID ‘lab leak’ debate prompts dire warnings from researchers. Nature, 594(7861), 15–16. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-01383-3
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Gu, T., Wang, L., Xie, N., Meng, X., Li, Z., Postlethwaite, A. E., Aleya, L., Howard, S., Gu, W., & Wang, Y. (2021). Towards a country-based prediction model of COVID-19 infections and deaths between disease apex and end: -Evidence from countries with contained numbers of COVID-19. Frontiers in Medicine, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.585115
Chen, I.-H., Ahorsu, D. K., Ko, N.-Y., Yen, C.-F., Lin, C.-Y., Griffiths, M., & Pakpour, A. (2021). The development and validation of the Motors of COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Scale: Psychometric evaluation among mainland Chinese university students. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/abfp6
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WHO approves first Chinese Covid vaccine for emergency use. (2021, May 7). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/may/07/who-approves-first-chinese-covid-vaccine-for-emergency-use
Zhang, Juanjuan, Maria Litvinova, Yuxia Liang, Wen Zheng, Huilin Shi, Alessandro Vespignani, Cecile Viboud, Marco Ajelli, and Hongjie Yu. ‘The Impact of Relaxing Interventions on Human Contact Patterns and SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in China’. Science Advances 7, no. 19 (1 May 2021): eabe2584. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abe2584.
Early government intervention is key to reducing the spread of COVID-19. (2020, May 6). Science & Research News | Frontiers. https://blog.frontiersin.org/2020/05/06/early-government-intervention-is-key-to-reducing-the-spread-of-covid-19/
This wave of anti-China feeling masks the west’s own Covid-19 failures | Richard Horton. (2020, August 3). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/aug/03/covid-19-cold-war-china-western-governments-international-peace
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Yet in Harris’s Sinophobic comments about “the rise of China” one can detect the thinking of two fairly forgotten writers on technology: Oswald Spengler and Ernst Jünger. Writing in interwar Germany, these reactionary modernist thinkers, wrote at length about the ways that technology was changing the world. And what Spengler and Jünger both argued was that technology could only be properly harnessed, could only be effectively controlled, if it was done so by “Western” societies. With open xenophobia dripping from their words, Spengler and Jünger warned that “Western” societies needed to master technology lest it should be deployed against them by foreign others.
Thus, these companies have launched a new strategy to reinvigorate their all American status: engage in some heavy-handed techno-nationalism by attacking China. And this Sinophobic, and often flagrantly racist, shift serves to distract from the misdeeds of the tech companies by creating the looming menace of a big foreign other. This is a move that has been made by many of the tech companies, it is one that has been happily parroted by many elected officials, and it is a move which Harris makes as well.
Perhaps the better move is to frame these companies as behemoths on the scale of foreign countries, but ones which have far more power and should be scrutinized more heavily than even China itself. What if the enemy is already within and it's name is Facebook or Google?
I’ve also written about China’s no less corrosive version of the Internet and how it’s marketed to developing and middle income countries as “Autocracy-as-a-Service”.
Autocracy-as-a-Service---it's so sad that this apt phrase exists and worse that it has such a benign feeling to it.
Right now, most of the blockchain mining in the world happens in China, where provinces with the cheapest energy set up mining operations to do the ‘proof of work’ calculations that the dominant paradigm of blockchain requires. Factories that ostensibly make other things now acquire significant computing hardware and dedicate energy in order to, essentially, print money that’s then stored offshore. A recent study shows that 40% of China’s mostly bitcoin mining is powered by coal-burning. We also already know that non-blockchain server farms in cheap energy countries consume so much energy they distort national grids, and throw off huge amounts of heat that then need cooling for the servers to operate, creating a vicious cycle of energy consumption
Mullard, A. (2020). How COVID vaccines are being divvied up around the world. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-03370-6
(This is for VI 5) I was wondering where/what city Cathay was, and it turns out to be an alternative name for China.Lop is also a city that at the time, belonged to the khan of the Mongols, but the description specifically mentions European traders. This makes me believe that this map was depicting part of the silk road. This is also connected to the reading we did this week, because the city of Lop was owned by the Mongols, and trade between these cities was most likely encouraged by the relative safety of the Mongol era.
China admits its vaccines aren’t very good—POLITICO. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2021, from https://www.politico.com/news/2021/04/11/china-covid-vaccines-480802
Gita Gopinath. (2021, March 26). Here is a snapshot of the largest producers of vaccines. Much more supply is in the pipeline but all countries will need to share. It is essential to vaccinate the most vulnerable in the world now for the benefit of everyone. The pandemic is not over until it is over everywhere https://t.co/udBMkw6Pnl [Tweet]. @GitaGopinath. https://twitter.com/GitaGopinath/status/1375557532224225282
Monod, Mélodie, Alexandra Blenkinsop, Xiaoyue Xi, Daniel Hebert, Sivan Bershan, Simon Tietze, Marc Baguelin, et al. ‘Age Groups That Sustain Resurging COVID-19 Epidemics in the United States’. Science 371, no. 6536 (26 March 2021). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abe8372.
Beijing stops travel as virus spike continues. (2020, June 17). BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-53074076
Perra, N. (2021). Non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Physics Reports. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2021.02.001
Sridhar, Devi. ‘COVID-19: What Health Experts Could and Could Not Predict’. Nature Medicine 26, no. 12 (December 2020): 1812–1812. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-01170-z.
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Kao, R. Z., Paul Mozur,Aaron Krolik,Jeff. (n.d.). Leaked Documents Show How China’s Army of Paid Internet Trolls Helped Censor the Coronavirus. ProPublica. Retrieved 2 March 2021, from https://www.propublica.org/article/leaked-documents-show-how-chinas-army-of-paid-internet-trolls-helped-censor-the-coronavirus
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Dr Nisreen Alwan 🌻. (2021, January 17). #LongCovid prevalence in a study of 1,733 hospitalised patients in Wuhan at average follow-up of 6 months: 76% at least one ongoing symptom 63% fatigue or muscle weakness 26% sleep problems 23% anxiety/depression 9% palpitations 9% joint pain 5% chest pain https://t.co/9roYQvbIE4 [Tweet]. @Dr2NisreenAlwan. https://twitter.com/Dr2NisreenAlwan/status/1350739317417791488
Channel 4 News. (2021, January 17). “It’s working in mainland China with 1.4 billion people. It doesn’t depend on being an island.” A pandemic adviser to the New Zealand government says achieving zero cases isn’t about the size of a country, but about “strong leadership”. Https://t.co/SSpc8DjZXi [Tweet]. @Channel4News. https://twitter.com/Channel4News/status/1350834342709358593
COVID, One Year Ago. (2021, February 24). One year ago today: Korea reports 230 new confirmed cases for a new total of 833, now the largest outbreak outside mainland China. 5 days ago, it was only 31 cases. While the majority of the cases are still linked to the Shincheonji church, they are now spread across South Korea. [Tweet]. @covidoneyearago. https://twitter.com/covidoneyearago/status/1364666410341867524
ReconfigBehSci. (2020, October 27). RT @EricTopol: I wish all these déjà vu reports of ‘disappearing antibodies’ would disappear. That is not a problem. Https://t.co/upsTpR1fU… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1321407869976256512
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And if you read what the business schools in the late 19th century taught like Simon Patten at the Wharton School, it’s very much like socialism. In fact, it’s very much like what China is doing.
Ren, H., Cheah, C., & Liu, J. (2021). The Cost and Benefit of Fear Induction Parenting on Children’s Health during the COVID-19 Outbreak. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/udcrx
Bredow, R., & Hackenbroch, V. (2021, January 22). Interview with Virologist Christian Drosten “I Am Quite Apprehensive about What Might Otherwise Happen in Spring and Summer.” Der Spiegel, Hamburg, Germany. https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/interview-with-virologist-christian-drosten-i-am-quite-apprehensive-about-what-might-otherwise-happen-in-spring-and-summer-a-f22c0495-5257-426e-bddc-c6082d6434d5
ReconfigBehSci. (2021, February 10). "Trying to appease both public health demands and the libertarian views of the free market has led not only to astronomical death tolls, such as in the US, UK, and Brazil, but to flailing economies. " 2/3 [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1359427735022694405
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ReconfigBehSci. (2021, February 10). "Trying to appease both public health demands and the libertarian views of the free market has led not only to astronomical death tolls, such as in the US, UK, and Brazil, but to flailing economies. " 2/3 [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1359427735022694405
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Scientific work must therefore be spiritually, organizationally, and materially decoupled from the forces of science at scale. The way to achieve this is to give primacy to the organization of small groups and the space for those groups to develop their own norms.
Which is the opposite of the vision Xi Jinpeng has for science
In our time, machine learning conference attendance and submission rates continue to compound, often outstripping the doubling of Moore's law the discipline relies on to make any forward progress. The quality of results in these and other fields since the vast expansion of their communities has not increased.
Just wait until you see what publishers have planned for India and China
Wal-Mart, which in the late 1980s and early 1990s trumpeted its claim to “Buy American,” has doubled its imports from China in the past five years alone, buying some $12 billion in merchandise in 2002. That’s nearly 10% of all Chinese exports to the United States.
“… do not use push notifications, do not post commentary, do not stir up speculation. Safely control the fervor in online discussions, do not create hashtags, gradually remove from trending topics, strictly control harmful information.”
This sounds hella educational.
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3. They're fighting misinformation.
Agree or disagree with how they obtained info and what that means for digital rights; how much the Chinese government informed or not their people - this is what China did in terms of alerting their population of covid cases.
By 2005 blogs had crashed the cultural gates. China’s editors, station directors, and pub-lishers had always acted as cultural “gatekeepers:” deciding who could and couldn’t becomeknown through publication, TV and film appearances, and musical performances. In a majorcultural power-shift, pop cultural icons could emerge through blogs, forums, chatrooms, andpersonal websites, completely outside of the government approved cultural structures.But while Communist Party propaganda department had lost control over China’s cul-ture, in the realm of politics the gates and walls are constantly being rebuilt, upgraded, andreinforced. It would be impossible for a dissident political leader to rise to popularity in thesame way that Mu Zimei rose to stardom.
Even though China's publishing class lost control as cultural gatekeepers with the advent of blogs, the Communist Party propaganda department constantly rebuilds, upgrades and reinforces the gates.
This situation is reinforced by recent survey results—surprisingto many Westerners—showing that most urban Chinese Internet users actually trust domesticsources of news and information more than they trust the information found on foreign newswebsites (Guo et al.2005, pp. 66–67).
Survey results reveal that Chinese citizens trust domestic sources more than foreign sources.
This is a curious result and something I'm beginning to see in the West. I wonder if it's a result of their policies. I wonder if this means that the filtering and manufacturing of opinion is successful.
While the Chinese government has supportedthe development of the Internet as a tool for business, entertainment, education, and infor-mation exchange, it has succeeded in preventing people from using the Internet to organizeany kind of viable political opposition.
The Chinese government has succeeded in leveraging the internet to generate economic benefits, without succumbing to its predicted democratizing effects.
They are determined to prevent the Internet from serving as a tool for “colorrevolution” in the way that online media and communication tools empowered activists inUkraine and Lebanon. Thus in 2005 the Chinese government updated its regulations control-ling online news and information, and aggressively leaned on organizations hosting onlinechatrooms and blogs to stop the spread of online discussions about recent local governmentcrackdowns against farmer protests in the Chinese countryside.
China is determined to not have the internet serve as a tool that helps bring about another color revolution, like in Ukraine and Lebanon.
In the past they've leaned aggressive on organizations hosting discussions about government crackdowns.
Though government statements emphasize anti-pornography crackdowns, ONI found the primary focus of China's filtering system to be on political content. Public security organs and internet service providers employ thousands of people – nationwide, at multiple levels – as monitors and censors. Their job is to monitor everything posted online by ordinary Chinese people and to delete objectionable content.
The Chinese government employs thousands of people to monitor and censor content. Their job is to filter out anything objectionable that gets posted.
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Zoom, a Silicon Valley-based company, appears to own three companies in China through which at least 700 employees are paid to develop Zoom’s software. This arrangement is ostensibly an effort at labor arbitrage: Zoom can avoid paying US wages while selling to US customers, thus increasing their profit margin. However, this arrangement may make Zoom responsive to pressure from Chinese authorities.
Zoom didn't do this to comply with local law.
They did this because they don't want to lose customers in China.
This is just capitalistic greed.
Shutting down activists over a dictatorship is wrong, and it is actually as simple as that.
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they remain beholden to and supported by the state.This makes them operate in fundamentally different ways than U.S. banks.
How do Chinese banks operate differently compared to U.S. Banks? What relationship do they have with the government and how does it help Chinese banks run effectively?
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In early 2009, on her first trip to Asia as Barack Obama’s secretary of state, Hillary Clinton thanked Chinese policymakers for their “confidence in United States Treasuries” amid the global financial meltdown, adding that human-rights disagreements shouldn’t “interfere” with crisis-fighting efforts.Then, suddenly, relations started going downhill. China grew more assertive as President Hu Jintao came to the end of his term, moving to assert claims to disputed territory in the South China Sea and the Sea of Japan over strenuous American objections. It was also becoming much more confident in the superiority of its economic model, which had come through the crisis relatively unscathed. When Biden visited Beijing in August 2011—shortly after S&P’s Global Ratings downgraded the U.S.’s credit rating—then-Premier Wen Jiabao gave him a mini-lecture on the importance of fiscal prudence, according to a person familiar with the exchange. Wen, the person said, also delivered a thinly veiled threat, saying he hoped China wouldn’t need to find an alternative to parking its wealth in U.S. bonds. Biden replied that Wen’s government was welcome to sell its holdings—plenty of global investors would be happy to buy them. No one, the person recalled Biden saying, had ever won by betting against the U.S. economy.
WOW